Download or read book Cities of the Future written by Vladimir Novotny and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2007-09-04 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is developed from and includes the presentations of leading international experts and scholars in the 12-14 July, 2006 Wingspread Workshop. With urban waters as a focal point, this book will explore the links between urban water quality and hydrology, and the broader concepts of green cities and smart growth. It also addresses legal and social barriers to urban ecological sustainability and proposes practical ways to overcome those barriers. Cities of the Future features chapters containing visionary concepts on how to ensure that cities and their water resources become ecologically sustainable and are able to provide clean water for all beneficial uses. The book links North American and Worldwide experience and approaches. The book is primarily a professional reference aimed at a wide interdisciplinary audience, including universities, consultants, environmental advocacy groups and legal environmental professionals.

Download or read book Advanced Remote Sensing written by Shunlin Liang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 821 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Remote Sensing is an application-based reference that provides a single source of mathematical concepts necessary for remote sensing data gathering and assimilation. It presents state-of-the-art techniques for estimating land surface variables from a variety of data types, including optical sensors such as RADAR and LIDAR. Scientists in a number of different fields including geography, geology, atmospheric science, environmental science, planetary science and ecology will have access to critically-important data extraction techniques and their virtually unlimited applications. While rigorous enough for the most experienced of scientists, the techniques are well designed and integrated, making the book's content intuitive, clearly presented, and practical in its implementation. - Comprehensive overview of various practical methods and algorithms - Detailed description of the principles and procedures of the state-of-the-art algorithms - Real-world case studies open several chapters - More than 500 full-color figures and tables - Edited by top remote sensing experts with contributions from authors across the geosciences

Download or read book Scaling Physiological Processes written by James R. Ehleringer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1993-01-13 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: question of scale; Integrating spatial patterns; Leaf to ecosystem elvel integration; Scalling water vapor and carbon dioxide exchange from leaves to a canopy: rules and tools; Global constraints and regional processes; Functional untis in ecology; Integrating technologies for scaling.

Download or read book Advances in Remote Sensing for Global Forest Monitoring written by Erkki Tomppo and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-01 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topics of the book cover forest parameter estimation, methods to assess land cover and change, forest disturbances and degradation, and forest soil drought estimations. Airborne laser scanner data, aerial images, as well as data from passive and active sensors of different spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions have been utilized. Parametric and non-parametric methods including machine and deep learning methods have been employed. Uncertainty estimation is a key topic in each study. In total, 15 articles are included, of which one is a review article dealing with methods employed in remote sensing aided greenhouse gas inventories, and one is the Editorial summary presenting a short review of each article.

Download or read book Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation written by Prasad S. Thenkabail and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hyperspectral narrow-band (or imaging spectroscopy) spectral data are fast emerging as practical solutions in modeling and mapping vegetation. Recent research has demonstrated the advances in and merit of hyperspectral data in a range of applications including quantifying agricultural crops, modeling forest canopy biochemical properties, detecting crop stress and disease, mapping leaf chlorophyll content as it influences crop production, identifying plants affected by contaminants such as arsenic, demonstrating sensitivity to plant nitrogen content, classifying vegetation species and type, characterizing wetlands, and mapping invasive species. The need for significant improvements in quantifying, modeling, and mapping plant chemical, physical, and water properties is more critical than ever before to reduce uncertainties in our understanding of the Earth and to better sustain it. There is also a need for a synthesis of the vast knowledge spread throughout the literature from more than 40 years of research. Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation integrates this knowledge, guiding readers to harness the capabilities of the most recent advances in applying hyperspectral remote sensing technology to the study of terrestrial vegetation. Taking a practical approach to a complex subject, the book demonstrates the experience, utility, methods and models used in studying vegetation using hyperspectral data. Written by leading experts, including pioneers in the field, each chapter presents specific applications, reviews existing state-of-the-art knowledge, highlights the advances made, and provides guidance for the appropriate use of hyperspectral data in the study of vegetation as well as its numerous applications, such as crop yield modeling, crop and vegetation biophysical and biochemical property characterization, and crop moisture assessment. This comprehensive book brings together the best global expertise on hyperspectral remote sensing of agriculture, crop water use, plant species detection, vegetation classification, biophysical and biochemical modeling, crop productivity and water productivity mapping, and modeling. It provides the pertinent facts, synthesizing findings so that readers can get the correct picture on issues such as the best wavebands for their practical applications, methods of analysis using whole spectra, hyperspectral vegetation indices targeted to study specific biophysical and biochemical quantities, and methods for detecting parameters such as crop moisture variability, chlorophyll content, and stress levels. A collective "knowledge bank," it guides professionals to adopt the best practices for their own work.

Download or read book Adjoint Equations and Analysis of Complex Systems written by Guri I. Marchuk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New statements of problems arose recently demanding thorough ana lysis. Notice, first of all, the statements of problems using adjoint equations which gradually became part of our life. Adjoint equations are capable to bring fresh ideas to various problems of new technology based on linear and nonlinear processes. They became part of golden fund of science through quantum mechanics, theory of nuclear reactors, optimal control, and finally helped in solving many problems on the basis of perturbation method and sensitivity theory. To emphasize the important role of adjoint problems in science one should mention four-dimensional analysis problem and solution of inverse problems. This range of problems includes first of all problems of global climate changes on our planet, state of environment and protection of environ ment against pollution, preservation of the biosphere in conditions of vigorous growth of population, intensive development of industry, and many others. All this required complex study of large systems: interac tion between the atmosphere and oceans and continents in the theory of climate, cenoses in the biosphere affected by pollution of natural and anthropogenic origin. Problems of local and global perturbations and models sensitivity to input data join into common complex system.

Download or read book Scaling and Uncertainty Analysis in Ecology written by Jianguo Wu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-02 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book of its kind – explicitly considering uncertainty and error analysis as an integral part of scaling. The book draws together a series of important case studies to provide a comprehensive review and synthesis of the most recent concepts, theories and methods in scaling and uncertainty analysis. It includes case studies illustrating how scaling and uncertainty analysis are being conducted in ecology and environmental science.

Download or read book Phenology of Ecosystem Processes written by Asko Noormets and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-19 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terrestrial carbon balance is uncertain at the regional and global scale. A significant source of variability in mid-latitude ecosystems is related to the timing and duration of phenological phases. Spring phenology, in particular, has disproportionate effects on the annual carbon balance. However, the traditional phenological indices that are based on leaf-out and flowering times of select indicator species are not universally amenable for predicting the temporal dynamics of ecosystem carbon and water exchange. Phenology of Ecosystem Processes evaluates current applications of traditional phenology in carbon and H2O cycle research, as well as the potential to identify phenological signals in ecosystem processes themselves. The book summarizes recent progress in the understanding of the seasonal dynamics of ecosystem carbon and H2O fluxes, the novel use of various methods (stable isotopes, time-series, forward and inverse modeling), and the implications for remote sensing and global carbon cycle modeling. Each chapter includes a literature review, in order to present the state-of-the-science in the field and enhance the book’s usability as an educational aid, as well as a case study to exemplify the use and applicability of various methods. Chapters that apply a specific methodology summarize the successes and challenges of particular methods for quantifying the seasonal changes in ecosystem carbon, water and energy fluxes. The book will benefit global change researchers, modelers, and advanced students.

Download or read book Contemporary Climatology written by P.J. Robinson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its second edition,Climatology continues to provide an up-to-date stimulating and comprehensive guide to the nature of the earth's climate. It presents a synthesis of contemporary scientific ideas about atmospheric circulation. Topics covered include: -Energy systems-The hydrological cycle-General circulation, local and regional climate-Application of climate information-Use of satellite observations

Download or read book Land Surface Remote Sensing in Agriculture and Forest written by Nicolas Baghdadi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-09-15 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The environmental and economic importance of monitoring forests and agricultural resources has allowed remote sensing to be increasingly in the development of products and services responding to user needs.This volume presents the main applications in remote sensing for agriculture and forestry, including the primary soil properties, the estimation of the vegetation's biophysical variables, methods for mapping land cover, the contribution of remote sensing for crop and water monitoring, and the estimation of the forest cover properties (cover dynamic, height, biomass).This book, part of a set of six volumes, has been produced by scientists who are internationally renowned in their fields. It is addressed to students (engineers, Masters, PhD), engineers and scientists, specialists in remote sensing applied to agriculture and forestry.Through this pedagogical work, the authors contribute to breaking down the barriers that hinder the use of radar imaging techniques. - Provides clear and concise descriptions of modern remote sensing methods - Explores the most current remote sensing techniques with physical aspects of the measurement (theory) and their applications - Provides chapters on physical principles, measurement, and data processing for each technique described - Describes optical remote sensing technology, including a description of acquisition systems and measurement corrections to be made

Download or read book Amazonia and Global Change written by Michael Keller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 1472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 186. Amazonia and Global Change synthesizes results of the Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA) for scientists and students of Earth system science and global environmental change. LBA, led by Brazil, asks how Amazonia currently functions in the global climate and biogeochemical systems and how the functioning of Amazonia will respond to the combined pressures of climate and land use change, such as Wet season and dry season aerosol concentrations and their effects on diffuse radiation and photosynthesis Increasing greenhouse gas concentration, deforestation, widespread biomass burning and changes in the Amazonian water cycle Drought effects and simulated drought through rainfall exclusion experiments The net flux of carbon between Amazonia and the atmosphere Floodplains as an important regulator of the basin carbon balance including serving as a major source of methane to the troposphere The impact of the likely increased profitability of cattle ranching. The book will serve a broad community of scientists and policy makers interested in global change and environmental issues with high-quality scientific syntheses accessible to nonspecialists in a wide community of social scientists, ecologists, atmospheric chemists, climatologists, and hydrologists.

Download or read book Global Seagrass Research Methods written by F.T. Short and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-11-06 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thorough and informative volume presents a set of detailed, globally applicable techniques for seagrass research.The book provides methods for all aspects of seagrass science from basic plant collection to statistical approaches and investigations of plant-animal interaction. The emphasis is on methods that are applicable in both developing and developed countries. The importance of seagrasses in coastal and near shore environments, and ultimately their contribution to the productivity of the world's oceans, has become increasingly recognised over the last 40 years.Seagrasses provide food for sea turtles, nearly 100 fish species, waterfowl and for the marine mammals the manatee and dugong. Seagrasses also support complex food webs by virtue of their physical structure and primary production and are well known for their role as breeding grounds and nurseries for important crustacean, finfish and shell fish populations. Seagrasses are the basis of an important detrital food chain. The plants filter nutrients and contaminants from the water, stabilise sediments and act as dampeners to wave action. Seagrasses rank with coral reefs and mangroves as some of the world's most productive coastal habitat and strong linkages among these habitats make the loss of seagrasses a contributing factor in the degradation of the world's oceans.Contributors from around the world provide up-to-date methods for comparable collection of ecological information from both temperate and tropical seagrass ecosystems.

Download or read book Ecological Issues in a Changing World written by Sun-Kee Hong and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-05 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers selected contributions to the 8th International Congress of Ecology to illuminate large-scale ecological problems and discuss how these can be managed through a variety of planning processes. From mathematical approaches to improve understanding of complex ecosystems, to monitoring activity and human impact, this book covers a truly global range of issues. The book concludes with a summary of the Congress, and a discussion of possible future directions.

Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Estuaries written by Thomas S. Bianchi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to the study of biochemical cycling in estuaries, this text utilises numerous illustrations and an extensive literature base in order to impart the current state-of-the-art knowledge in the field.

Download or read book Comprehensive Remote Sensing written by Shunlin Liang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-11-08 with total page 3183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Remote Sensing, Nine Volume Set covers all aspects of the topic, with each volume edited by well-known scientists and contributed to by frontier researchers. It is a comprehensive resource that will benefit both students and researchers who want to further their understanding in this discipline. The field of remote sensing has quadrupled in size in the past two decades, and increasingly draws in individuals working in a diverse set of disciplines ranging from geographers, oceanographers, and meteorologists, to physicists and computer scientists. Researchers from a variety of backgrounds are now accessing remote sensing data, creating an urgent need for a one-stop reference work that can comprehensively document the development of remote sensing, from the basic principles, modeling and practical algorithms, to various applications. Fully comprehensive coverage of this rapidly growing discipline, giving readers a detailed overview of all aspects of Remote Sensing principles and applications Contains ‘Layered content’, with each article beginning with the basics and then moving on to more complex concepts Ideal for advanced undergraduates and academic researchers Includes case studies that illustrate the practical application of remote sensing principles, further enhancing understanding

Download or read book Plant Responses to Air Pollution and Global Change written by Kenji Omasa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-26 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews current topics on plant metabolism of air pollutants and elevated CO2, responses of whole plants and plant ecosystems, genetics and molecular biology for functioning improvement, experimental ecosystems and climate change research, global carbon-cycle monitoring in plant ecosystems, and other important issues. The authors, conducting research in Europe, the United States, Australia, and East Asia, present a wealth of information on their work in the field.

Download or read book Dendroecology written by Mariano M. Amoroso and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-12 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dendroecologists apply the principles and methods of tree-ring science to address ecological questions and resolve problems related to global environmental change. In this fast-growing field, tree rings are used to investigate forest development and succession, disturbance regimes, ecotone and treeline dynamics and forest decline. This book of global scope highlights state-of-the-science dendroecological contributions to paradigm-shifts in our understanding of ecophysiology, stand dynamics, disturbance interactions, forest decline and ecosystem resilience to global environmental change and is fundamental to better managing our forested ecosystems for the full range of ecosystem goods and services that they provide.