Download or read book American Values National Interests written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book America Recommitted written by Donald Edwin Nuechterlein and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the first edition of America Recommitted was published in 1991, the world was passing through a period of sweeping political and social change. The Cold War was over; China had reverted to harsh authoritarian rule; U.S.-led forces were deployed in Saudi Arabia for potential military action against Iraq; the Soviet Union was on the verge of disintegration; and the unraveling of Yugoslavia had set the stage for brutal ethnic conflicts in Bosnia and Kosovo. In the midst of this widespread upheaval, the United States reassessed its own role as the sole remaining superpower.
Download or read book Origins of National Interests written by Glenn Chafetz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of "identity" in international relations offers too many vague and imprecise definitions of the concepts that stand at its very core. This text offers clear definitions of the concept of identity and the concepts surrounding the term.
Download or read book United States National Interests in a Changing World written by Donald E. Nuechterlein and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2014-07-15 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the term national interest has long been used in reference to the foreign policy goals of nations, there has been no generally agreed upon definition of the concept; as a result, Donald E. Nuechterlein contends, there has been a tendency for foreign policy to be determined by institutional prejudice and past policy rather than by a systematic assessment of national interests. By what criterion does a President decide that a given interest is or is not vital-that is, whether he must contemplate defending it by force if other measures fail? In this study Nuechterlein offers a new conceptual framework for the analysis of foreign policy decisions; resting on more precise definitions and distinguishing among the degrees of interest that the United States perceives in the range of foreign policy issues it faces. He also deals with the constitutional problem of checks and balances between the Presidency and Congress in setting the goals of foreign policy, and the influence of private interest groups and the media on the definition of national interest. Underlining the need for constant reassessment of priorities in a rapidly changing international environment, Nuechterlein illustrates his analysis by drawing on the American experience in foreign affairs since World War II. A case study of the American involvement in Southeast Asia describes how six presidents, beginning with Franklin Roosevelt, viewed United States interests there and the conclusions each drew in terms of policy tools to defend those interests in Vietnam. Finally, he assesses what the future vital interests of the United States are likely to be in light of the shifting balance of world power, and the growing importance of international economics.
Download or read book The National Interest and the Human Interest written by Robert C. Johansen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an effort to determine the extent to which the United States contributes to the creation of a preferred system of world order, Robert Johansen considers the country's performance against a framework of four major global values: peace, economic wellbeing, social justice, and ecological balance. Originally published in 1980. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book Negotiating with American Identity written by Evan Wesley Sandlin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From its founding, United States politicians and policymakers have espoused reverence for national values in the creation of US foreign policy. Yet, there are countless examples of traditional US values being disregarded in favor of interests. What are the terms of the tradeoff between US values and US interests in US foreign policy? In this dissertation I answer this question with a social-psychological theory of US foreign policy. US values are a greater determinant of US policy when these values are more connected to US national identity. I test this theory at the individual-level and at the macro-level of US foreign policy decision-making. In Chapter 2, I draw on sociological, psychological, and constructivist international relations research and assert that US national identity consists of "core" and "peripheral" values. Core values are more resilient to the challenge of interests, since disregarding them betrays central parts of US identity. Consequently, it is expected that when interests and values clash, the degree to which the interests are betrayed depends on the value's proximity to US identity. I delineate exactly which values are “core” and “peripheral” in US national identity in Chapter 3. I determine and differentiate the values associated with US national identity by analyzing the National Archives and Records Administration's "100 Milestone Documents," US federal holidays and symbols, and presidential State of the Union addresses. I find that democracy is the most privileged value in all realms analyzed. Chapter 4 proposes that an analysis of identity’s impact on policy should focus on the agents of state policy: policymakers. I also explore cognitive dissonance as a potential psychological mechanism that enforces national identity. A series of experiments show that respondents favor foreign policy actions that are consistent with US values and that respondents experience more cognitive dissonance when they are forced to argue in favor of violating US values, particularly democracy. In Chapter 5, I analyze how the tradeoff between US values and US interests occurs in US military aid policy. National values clash with national interests when policymakers are faced with the decision of whether or not to grant US military aid to countries that serve US interests but do not embody US national values. The results show that more prominent values (democracy) are almost impervious to countervailing interests while more tangential values (enterprise and human rights) exhibit wildly different effects on US military aid allocation depending on the security and economic importance of the recipient state. I discuss the results of the entire dissertation and its connection to the Trump presidency in Chapter 6.
Download or read book Defining the National Interest written by Peter Trubowitz and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1998-02-17 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States has been marked by a highly politicized and divisive history of foreign policy-making. Why do the nation's leaders find it so difficult to define the national interest? Peter Trubowitz offers a new and compelling conception of American foreign policy and the domestic geopolitical forces that shape and animate it. Foreign policy conflict, he argues, is grounded in America's regional diversity. The uneven nature of America's integration into the world economy has made regionalism a potent force shaping fights over the national interest. As Trubowitz shows, politicians from different parts of the country have consistently sought to equate their region's interests with that of the nation. Domestic conflict over how to define the "national interest" is the result. Challenging dominant accounts of American foreign policy-making, Defining the National Interest exemplifies how interdisciplinary scholarship can yield a deeper understanding of the connections between domestic and international change in an era of globalization.
Download or read book America Overcommitted written by Donald Edwin Nuechterlein and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Interest Alignment written by Marcus A. Jones and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. National Interests presented by each Presidential Administration are codified in the National Security Strategy and serve as the foundation for U.S. policy formulation and implementation. The 2015 National Security outlines four National Interests -- U.S. Security, U.S. Economic Prosperity, A Rules-based International Order, and Respect for Universal Values. Each of the National Interests evokes a different level of relative interest intensity. When compared with the other National Interests, and analyzed against ongoing foreign policy activities, Universal Values promotion is not aligned with other elements of the National Security Strategy. This inconsistency negatively effects U.S. credibility in the international community. In view of this interest conflict, the U.S. should revise the National Interests to remove Universal Values and replace it with Stability. This revision better articulates current policy actions and enhances U.S. credibility.
Download or read book Do Morals Matter written by Joseph S. Nye and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the role of ethics in American foreign policy? The Trump Administration has elevated this from a theoretical question to front-page news. Should ethics even play a role, or should we only focus on defending our material interests? In Do Morals Matter? Joseph S. Nye provides a concise yet penetrating analysis of how modern American presidents have-and have not-incorporated ethics into their foreign policy. Nye examines each presidency during theAmerican era post-1945 and scores them on the success they achieved in implementing an ethical foreign policy. Alongside this, he evaluates their leadership qualities, explaining which approaches work and which ones do not.
Download or read book U S Role in the World written by Michael Moodie and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-14 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. role in the world refers to the overall character, purpose, or direction of U.S. participation in international affairs and the country's overall relationship to the rest of the world. The U.S. role in the world can be viewed as establishing the overall context or framework for U.S. policymakers for developing, implementing, and measuring the success of U.S. policies and actions on specific international issues, and for foreign countries or other observers for interpreting and understanding U.S. actions on the world stage. While descriptions of the U.S. role in the world since the end of World War II vary in their specifics, it can be described in general terms as consisting of four key elements: global leadership; defense and promotion of the liberal international order; defense and promotion of freedom, democracy, and human rights; and prevention of the emergence of regional hegemons in Eurasia. The issue for Congress is whether the U.S. role in the world is changing, and if so, what implications this might have for the United States and the world. A change in the U.S. role could have significant and even profound effects on U.S. security, freedom, and prosperity. It could significantly affect U.S. policy in areas such as relations with allies and other countries, defense plans and programs, trade and international finance, foreign assistance, and human rights. Some observers, particularly critics of the Trump Administration, argue that under the Trump Administration, the United States is substantially changing the U.S. role in the world. Other observers, particularly supporters of the Trump Administration, while acknowledging that the Trump Administration has changed U.S. foreign policy in a number of areas compared to policies pursued by the Obama Administration, argue that under the Trump Administration, there has been less change and more continuity regarding the U.S. role in the world. Some observers who assess that the United States under the Trump Administration is substantially changing the U.S. role in the world-particularly critics of the Trump Administration, and also some who were critical of the Obama Administration-view the implications of that change as undesirable. They view the change as an unnecessary retreat from U.S. global leadership and a gratuitous discarding of long-held U.S. values, and judge it to be an unforced error of immense proportions-a needless and self-defeating squandering of something of great value to the United States that the United States had worked to build and maintain for 70 years. Other observers who assess that there has been a change in the U.S. role in the world in recent years-particularly supporters of the Trump Administration, but also some observers who were arguing even prior to the Trump Administration in favor of a more restrained U.S. role in the world-view the change in the U.S. role, or at least certain aspects of it, as helpful for responding to changed U.S. and global circumstances and for defending U.S. interests. Congress's decisions regarding the U.S role in the world could have significant implications for numerous policies, plans, programs, and budgets, and for the role of Congress relative to that of the executive branch in U.S. foreign policymaking.
Download or read book U S Strategy for the 21st Century written by Jerry W. McElwee and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines historical and proposes future U.S. national interests in light of the many on going changes in today's world. Revised national interests are then used to propose a modified national strategy with supporting domestic, foreign and military strategies. In an attempt to generate new innovative thinking about the issues confronting our nation, some fairly radical alternatives are proposed for national consideration. Many are considered political suicide by today's elected leaders, but they are based on sound reasoning. The American public is looking for realistic answers that will work and these will. Chapter One reviews the development of U.S. national interests and presents a quick historical survey of our past domestic, foreign and military strategies. The next chapters discusses the major trends that will shape the future of America and the rest of the world and then derive fundamental U.S. national interests and objectives using philosophy, psychology, and traditional American values. Logical arguments for each interest and objective are provided. Next presents and projected threats to U.S. national interests in preparation for developing a national strategy are reviewed. The final segment then proposes and defends two axioms that become the basis for the national strategy. The last chapters apply these two axioms to developing strategies for reconciling our national interests with the threats to each one and with major world trends.
Download or read book National Values written by Andre J. Trottier and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our nation and world are growing closer due to enhancements in communications. The values exhibited by our future citizens will be critical to the stability and leadership in our world order. Fundamental reasons for Americans to agree on a set of values include: the commonality of interest that all nations have in security, peace, economic issues and human rights. American values are publicized through instantaneous global communication daily for the world to see. The stability of an American value set therefore becomes critical to our national image around the world. This study reviews the current set of American values proposed by national advocacy groups who focus on Character Education. The work further reviews the American military value system and identifies areas of similarity between contemporary values and military values. Finally, the work demonstrates that Americans are very close to attaining national consensus and recommends using the methodology of Ends, Ways and Means as a mechanism to bring consensus to the topic of national values.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of U S National Security written by Nikolas K. Gvosdev and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of U.S. National Security frames the context, institutions, and processes the U.S. government uses to advance national interests through foreign policy, government institutions, and grand strategy. Contributors examine contemporary national security challenges and the processes and tools used to improve national security.
Download or read book Old Hickory s Nephew written by W. David Clinton and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sustainable Security written by Jeremi Suri and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can the United States craft a sustainable national security strategy in a world of shifting threats, sharp resource constraints, and a changing balance of power? This volume brings together research on this question from political science, history, and political economy, aiming to inform both future scholarship and strategic decision-making.
Download or read book Subordinating Values to Interests Clearing Up Confusion in Our National Security Strategy written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: President Clinton presents three "core objectives" in the preface to his 1997 National Security Strategy. These objectives are to enhance U.S. security with effective diplomacy and with military forces that are ready to fight and win, bolster America's economic prosperity, and promote democracy abroad. As clarified later in the report, the President's first two objectives are derived from language in the Constitution, which calls on government to "provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity." The promotion of democracy abroad is presented as a means of guaranteeing the American "way of life," and thus could be linked to the realization of the Constitutional mandate quoted above. In developing its argument, the Clinton Administration defines the promotion of democracy as secondary in a hierarchy of interests. While creating this distinction, however, the authors fail to apply it consistently throughout the document. This weakens the conceptual framework of the overall statement. In this essay, the author reviews how the drafters present the distinction between "vital interests" and the promotion of American values. The author argues that the Administration is less than clear in its presentation. The drafters advance the argument that values are subordinate to vital interests, but they purposefully avoid making unambiguous statements to this effect for political and bureaucratic reasons. This treatment of the issue weakens the National Security Strategy by complicating the identification of interests, and by confusing readers who attempt to use the strategy to interpret or predict Administration actions. The document would be strengthened by a straightforward discussion of the ways in which the promotion of democracy and other values are considered in the formulation of American foreign policy.
