Download or read book American Samoa Assessment and Rapid Reef Response Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Coral reefs around the world are in steep decline due to a wide variety of factors. Corals can be damaged or killed by major damaging events, and harmed by human impacts like overfishing and pollution. The greatest threat to the future of coral reefs is mass coral bleaching, which is projected to occur more throughout the 21st century as a result of climate change. Diseases, Crown-of-Thorns starfish outbreaks, and hurricanes can also do major damage to coral reefs, making them more weak and susceptible to bleaching events. To document and better understand the condition of coral reefs and the impacts different events have made on coral reefs, it is necessary to monitor the effects of major destructive events on coral reefs. These events can come on suddenly, and without a careful plan, recording of the effects of the events may be inadequate or not occur. Disease outbreaks, Crown-of-Thorn starfish outbreaks, and hurricanes can all cause large amounts of coral damage and mortality. They all need to be monitored in a very similar fashion to that for bleaching, for the same reasons"--Introduction.
Download or read book Climate Change and Interacting Stressors written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coral Reef Ecosystem Monitoring Report for America Samoa 2002 2006 written by Russell Brainard and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Baseline Assessment of Faga alu Watershed written by S. Holst Rice and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The primary purpose of this document is to provide local and federal partners with baseline information and survey methods to allow for continued monitoring efforts to evaluate the effectiveness of management actions taken at the Samoa Maritime quarry in Faga'alu, American Samoa. This document summarizes work completed between 2012 and 2014, and was coordinated and funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) to gather baseline data and information before management interventions such as drainage systems, alternative ground cover, and retention ponds were installed at the quarry to reduce land-based sources of pollution inputs to the coral reefs in Fagaʻalu Bay. The work was funded through direct investments made by the NOAA CRCP, through a Cooperative Agreement with American Samoa to the Coral Reef Advisory Group (CRAG), and through a domestic grant awarded to San Diego State University (SDSU) titled, 'Monitoring and analysis of sediment accumulation and composition on coral reefs in Faga'alu Bay, American Samoa' which extended previous efforts supported by the Department of Interior – Insular Affairs Office through the CRAG. To carry out these baseline assessments, technical and scientific experts from NOAA and SDSU collaborated to gather baseline information to share with local management authorities in American Samoa. These 2012-2014 activities describe the pre-intervention baseline data collection, analysis, and interpretation needed to evaluate the effectiveness of subsequently planned interventions over time. To quantify effectiveness of these interventions, additional long-term monitoring of sediment loads in Faga'alu Stream and coral community structure will be needed for comparison with the baselines presented here. The overall effort required to evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions is large, and requires a close coordination between local and federal efforts"--Page 2. [doi:10.7289/V5BK19C3 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5BK19C3)]
Download or read book Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program written by Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of this document is to provide a brief summary of the most recent survey efforts conducted in the islands of American Samoa by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) of the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center as part of the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP). A more detailed assessment of coral populations and reef community structure in American Samoa will be summarized in a forthcoming annual report"--Summary [doi:10.7289/V5FF3QBX (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5FF3QBX)]
Download or read book Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of this document is to outline the most recent survey efforts conducted by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) of the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center as part of the long-term monitoring program known as the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP). More detailed survey results will be available in a forthcoming status report"--Page [1]. [doi:10.7289/V5/DR-PIFSC-16-012 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5/DR-PIFSC-16-012)]
Download or read book A National Coral Reef Action Strategy written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book World Seas An Environmental Evaluation written by Jean-Francois Hamel and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 934 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Seas: An Environmental Evaluation, Second Edition, Volume Two: The Indian Ocean to the Pacific provides a comprehensive review of the environmental condition of the seas from the Indian Ocean to the Pacific. Each chapter is written by experts in the field who provide historical overviews in environmental terms, current environmental status, major problems arising from human use, informed comments on major trends, problems and successes, and recommendations for the future. The book is an invaluable worldwide reference source for students and researchers who are concerned with marine environmental science, fisheries, oceanography and engineering and coastal zone development. Covers regional issues that help countries find solutions to environmental decline that may have already developed elsewhere Provides scientific reviews of regional issues, thus empowering managers and policymakers to make progress in under-resourced countries and regions Includes comprehensive maps and updated statistics in each region covered
Download or read book American Samoa Coral Reef Monitoring Program written by Mareike Sudek and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In 2005 the Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources (DMWR) initiated a comprehensive long-term monitoring program for the reefs in American Samoa, the American Samoa Coral Reef Monitoring Program (ASCRMP). Funding was provided through the Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Ocean Services (NOS). Although there have been previous monitoring surveys in American Samoa covering a variety of spatial and temporal scales, the ASCRMP represents the first attempt to annually monitor representative reefs in American Samoa, starting initially around Tutuila and eventually in the Manu'a islands and the two atolls, Rose and Swains. The program has been set up with long-term government funding, and is therefore capable of accumulating long-term data sets annually over a larger geographic scale. The primary objectives of the American Samoa Coral Reef Monitoring Program are to: (1) Monitor the status and trends in the distribution and abundance of reef biota on reefs in American Samoa, and (2) Provide environmental managers, as well as other decision makers, with information that is pertinent to managing coral reefs in the territory. As a monitoring program, ASCRMP's goal is to document change - i.e. where, how much, and what kind of changes take place at the various monitoring sites. The ideal is to resolve change at scales which will allow judgments to be made as to which changes are within normal, natural variability, and which are outside it"--Page 2.
Download or read book The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of The United States and Pacific Freely Associated States 2002 written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Reef Manager s Guide to Coral Bleaching written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores emerging monitoring strategies and presents adaptive management techniques to anticipate and mitigate coral bleaching, with emphasis upon identification and promotion of resilience in coral reef ecosystems. Includes coverage of strategic use of marine protected areas.
Download or read book Linking Local and National Data to Improve Marine Managed Area Monitoring and Data Quality in Tutuila American Samoa written by Adel Heenan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Marine resource governance in the United States is geopolitically separated, with different authorities responsible for the management of Federal vs. State or Territorial waters. In 2000, the Coral Reef Conservation Act (CRCA) authorized the long-term monitoring of U.S. coral reef ecosystems, and several ad hoc monitoring efforts were established, including NOAA's Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP). Pacific RAMP is a part of the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP), and executed by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP). The CREP is federally funded to survey coral reefs in US-affiliated waters in the Pacific (0--200-nm offshore), but most of the authority to manage the near-shore (within 3 nm) lies with jurisdictional agencies. As such, federal and jurisdictional monitoring programs often are designed for different purposes, work at different spatial scales and operate independently from one another"--Introduction. [doi:10.7289/V5/WP-PIFSC-17-001 (http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/WP-PIFSC-17-001)]
Download or read book Summary Report of Baseline Surveys and Installations Conducted in 2015 in the National Marine Sanctuary of American Samoa written by Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report describes baseline surveys conducted as a partnership between the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) and the National Marine Sanctuary of American Samoa (NMSAS) in February and March 2015. CRED implements the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP), an ecosystem-scale interdisciplinary coral reef monitoring program. This partnership with NMSAS enabled additional sampling work which focused on the marine sanctuaries of American Samoa. Collectively, these resulting data provide a baseline assessment of American Samoa’s sanctuaries. Furthermore, since the survey method and design are also implemented as part of Pacific RAMP, these data are directly comparable to data from elsewhere in the region. The intention here is to continue this work periodically so that the status of biological communities within sanctuaries can be tracked over time and in comparison to reef areas outside of the sanctuaries"--Summary. [doi:10.7289/V5N014J6 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5N014J6)]
Download or read book Por la Real Vniversidad y Escuelas generales de S Marcos de la ciudad de Lima con el Arzobispo de la santa Iglesia de la ciudad de la Plata y de la villa de Potos Aviendo la Santidad de Gregorio XV a instancia del Rey despachado Bula para que por tiempo de diez a os se pudiessen ganar cursos y dar grados en los Colegios de la Compa ia de Iesus de las Indias se despach cedula Real de cumplimiento en cuya virtud se fund la Vniversidad y se comenzaron a dar grados Contradixo luego esta fundacion la Real Vniversidad de Lima y representando al Consejo sus inconvenientes obtuvo decreto en que dando traslado a la Compa ia de Iesus se mando q en el interin se suspendiesse la execucion de la dicha Bula written by and published by . This book was released on 1629* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the United States and Pacific Freely Associated States written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monitoring Coral Reef Marine Protected Areas written by Clive R. Wilkinson and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In 2005 the Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources (DMWR) initiated a comprehensive long-term monitoring program for the reefs in American Samoa, the American Samoa Coral Reef Monitoring Program (ASCRMP). Funding was provided through the Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Ocean Services (NOS). Although there have been previous monitoring surveys in American Samoa covering a variety of spatial and temporal scales, the ASCRMP represents the first attempt to annually monitor representative reefs in American Samoa, starting initially around Tutuila and eventually in the Manua islands and the two atolls, Rose and Swains. The program has been set up with long-term government funding, and is therefore capable of accumulating long-term data sets annually over a larger geographic scale. The primary objectives of the American Samoa Coral Reef Monitoring Program are to: (1) Monitor the status and trends in the distribution and abundance of reef biota on reefs in American Samoa, and (2) Provide environmental managers, as well as other decision makers, with information that is pertinent to managing coral reefs in the territory. As a monitoring program, ASCRMP's goal is to document change - i.e. where, how much, and what kind of changes take place at the various monitoring sites. The ideal is to resolve change at scales which will allow judgments to be made as to which changes are within normal, natural variability, and which are outside it. The project is coordinated by two staff members that are funded by the program; during FY2011 and FY2012 the Coral Reef Monitoring Benthic Ecologist position was filled by Dr. Doug Fenner and the Coral Reef Monitoring Fish Ecologist position was filled by Ben Carroll. During the last quarter of FY2012. Mr. Benjamin Carroll’s contract was not renewed by the then director Ufagafa Ray Tulafono. The DMWR’s Chief Fisheries Biologist filled in Mr. Carroll's duties, where possible up until the end of January 2013 when the position was filled part time by DMWR fisheries supervisor Alice Lawrence and part-time by DMWR fisheries technician Saolotoga Tofaeono. The position was filled full-time by Alice Lawrence from the end of January 2014 until the present time. The program utilizes the DMWR Boston Whaler vessel to access survey sites around Tutuila, however the boat was out of action between January 2012 and October 2012 and between January 2013 and October 2013, and again between January 2014 and November 2014. There were attempts to utilize local fishing boats to conduct surveys with varying success, due to problems with late payments, safety issues and logistics related to the smaller and slower engines used by the local fishing boats"--Project Background.
