Download or read book The Inception of Modern Professional Education written by Bruce A. Kimball and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2009-06-15 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Christopher C. Langdell (1826-1906) is one of the most influential figures in the history of American professional education. As dean of Harvard Law School from 1870 to 1895, he conceived, designed, and built the educational model that leading professional schools in virtually all fields subsequently emulated. In this first full-length biography of the educator and jurist, Bruce Kimball explores Langdell's controversial role in modern professional education and in jurisprudence. Langdell founded his model on the idea of academic meritocracy. According to this principle, scholastic achievement should determine one's merit in professional life. Despite fierce opposition from students, faculty, alumni, and legal professionals, he designed and instituted a formal system of innovative policies based on meritocracy. This system's components included the admission requirement of a bachelor's degree, the sequenced curriculum and its extension to three years, the hurdle of annual examinations for continuation and graduation, the independent career track for professional faculty, the transformation of the professional library into a scholarly resource, the inductive pedagogy of teaching from cases, the organization of alumni to support the school, and a new, highly successful financial strategy. Langdell's model was subsequently adopted by leading law schools, medical schools, business schools, and the schools of other professions. By the time of his retirement as dean at Harvard, Langdell's reforms had shaped the future model for professional education throughout the United States.
Download or read book In Brown s Wake written by Martha Minow and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-17 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the legacy of Brown vs. Board of Education? While it is well known for establishing racial equality as a central commitment of American schools, the case also inspired social movements for equality in education across all lines of difference, including language, gender, disability, immigration status, socio-economic status, religion, and sexual orientation. Yet more than a half century after Brown, American schools are more racially separated than before, and educators, parents and policy makers still debate whether the ruling requires all-inclusive classrooms in terms of race, gender, disability, and other differences. In Brown's Wake examines the reverberations of Brown in American schools, including efforts to promote equal opportunities for all kinds of students. School choice, once a strategy for avoiding Brown, has emerged as a tool to promote integration and opportunities, even as charter schools and private school voucher programs enable new forms of self-separation by language, gender, disability, and ethnicity. Martha Minow, Dean of Harvard Law School, argues that the criteria placed on such initiatives carry serious consequences for both the character of American education and civil society itself. Although the original promise of Brown remains more symbolic than effective, Minow demonstrates the power of its vision in the struggles for equal education regardless of students' social identity, not only in the United States but also in many countries around the world. Further, she urges renewed commitment to the project of social integration even while acknowledging the complex obstacles that must be overcome. An elegant and concise overview of Brown and its aftermath, In Brown's Wake explores the broad-ranging and often surprising impact of one of the century's most important Supreme Court decisions.
Download or read book History of the Harvard Law School and of Early Legal Conditions in America written by Charles Warren and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Harvard Law School written by Eliot Norton and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Becoming Gentlemen written by Lani Guinier and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 1997-12-10 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The challenge, then, is not to invent new victims or new scapegoats but to mobilize America for the future. What would it take to ensure that all of us can succeed at getting the job done, the problem solved, and the future more secure?" As a student at Yale Law School in 1974, Lani Guinier attended a class with a white male professor who addressed all the students, male and female, as "gentlemen." To him the greeting was a form of honorific, evoking the values of traditional legal education. To her it was profoundly alienating. Years later Guinier began a study of female law students with her colleagues, Michelle Fine and Jane Balin, to try to understand the frustrations of women law students in male-dominated schools. Women are now entering law schools in large numbers, but too often many still do not feel welcome. As one says, "I used to be very driven, competitive. Then I started to realize that all my effort was getting me nowhere. I just stopped caring. I am scarred forever." After interviewing hundreds of women with similar stories, the authors conclude that conventional one-size-fits-all approaches to legal education discourage many women who could otherwise succeed and, even more, fail to help all students realize their full potential as legal problem-solvers. In Becoming Gentlemen Guinier, Fine, and Balin dare us to question what it means to become qualified, what a fair goal in education might be, and what we can learn from the experience of women law students about teaching and evaluating students in general. Including the authors' original study and two essays and a personal afterword by Lani Guinier, the book challenges us to work toward a more just society, based on ideals of cooperation, the resources of diversity, and the values of teamwork.
Download or read book Bench and Bar of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts written by William Thomas Davis and published by . This book was released on 1895 with total page 866 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quinquennial Catalogue written by Mount Holyoke College and published by . This book was released on 1895 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Speaking Freely written by Floyd Abrams and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2006-04-04 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rights guaranteed in the First Amendment—including freedom of expression—are among the fundamental touchstones of our democracy. In Speaking Freely, Floyd Abrams, who for over thirty years has been our most eloquent and respected advocate for uncensored expression, recounts some of the major cases of his remarkable career—landmark trials and Supreme Court arguments that have involved key First Amendment protections.With adversaries as diverse as Richard Nixon and Wayne Newton and allies as unlikely as Kenneth Starr, Abrams takes readers behind the scenes to explain his strategies, the ramifications of each decision, and its long-term significance, presenting a clear and compelling look at the law in action.
Download or read book Professional and Industrial History of Suffolk County Massachusetts written by William Thomas Davis and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 1154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Harvard Graduates Magazine written by William Roscoe Thayer and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Slave Patrols written by Sally E. Hadden and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2003-10-30 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obscured from our view of slaves and masters in America is a critical third party: the state, with its coercive power. This book completes the grim picture of slavery by showing us the origins, the nature, and the extent of slave patrols in Virginia and the Carolinas from the late seventeenth century through the end of the Civil War. Here we see how the patrols, formed by county courts and state militias, were the closest enforcers of codes governing slaves throughout the South. Mining a variety of sources, Sally Hadden presents the views of both patrollers and slaves as she depicts the patrols, composed of "respectable" members of society as well as poor whites, often mounted and armed with whips and guns, exerting a brutal and archaic brand of racial control inextricably linked to post-Civil War vigilantism and the Ku Klux Klan. City councils also used patrollers before the war, and police forces afterward, to impose their version of race relations across the South, making the entire region, not just plantations, an armed camp where slave workers were controlled through terror and brutality.
Download or read book The Tyranny of the Meritocracy written by Lani Guinier and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2016-01-12 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fresh and bold argument for revamping our standards of “merit” and a clear blueprint for creating collaborative education models that strengthen our democracy rather than privileging individual elites Standing on the foundations of America’s promise of equal opportunity, our universities purport to serve as engines of social mobility and practitioners of democracy. But as acclaimed scholar and pioneering civil rights advocate Lani Guinier argues, the merit systems that dictate the admissions practices of these institutions are functioning to select and privilege elite individuals rather than create learning communities geared to advance democratic societies. Having studied and taught at schools such as Harvard University, Yale Law School, and the University of Pennsylvania Law School, Guinier has spent years examining the experiences of ethnic minorities and of women at the nation’s top institutions of higher education, and here she lays bare the practices that impede the stated missions of these schools. Goaded on by a contemporary culture that establishes value through ranking and sorting, universities assess applicants using the vocabulary of private, highly individualized merit. As a result of private merit standards and ever-increasing tuitions, our colleges and universities increasingly are failing in their mission to provide educational opportunity and to prepare students for productive and engaged citizenship. To reclaim higher education as a cornerstone of democracy, Guinier argues that institutions of higher learning must focus on admitting and educating a class of students who will be critical thinkers, active citizens, and publicly spirited leaders. Guinier presents a plan for considering “democratic merit,” a system that measures the success of higher education not by the personal qualities of the students who enter but by the work and service performed by the graduates who leave. Guinier goes on to offer vivid examples of communities that have developed effective learning strategies based not on an individual’s “merit” but on the collaborative strength of a group, learning and working together, supporting members, and evolving into powerful collectives. Examples are taken from across the country and include a wide range of approaches, each innovative and effective. Guinier argues for reformation, not only of the very premises of admissions practices but of the shape of higher education itself.
Download or read book New Serial Titles written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A union list of serials commencing publication after Dec. 31, 1949.
Download or read book The Alumni Quarterly and Fortnightly Notes of the University of Illinois written by and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 1993 1994 Official Congressional Directory written by Duane Nystrom and published by U.S. Government Printing Office. This book was released on 1993-06 with total page 1352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Local Government Law written by Gerald E. Frug and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Johns Hopkins University Circular written by Johns Hopkins University and published by . This book was released on 1892 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes University catalogues, President's report, Financial report, etc.
