Download or read book Alternative Lipids in Nutrition of Marine Finfish written by Artur Nishioka Rombenso and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish oil sparing and replacement is a major focus in the fields of aquaculture and aquaculture nutrition. Most of the commercial fish oil production is consumed by the aquafeed industry due to its highly digestible energy and elevated content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs; ARA – 20:4n-6, EPA – 20:5n-3, and DHA – 22:6n-3), being a valuable ingredient. Given the finite supply and the growing demand for fish oil its price has increased quite drastically, leading to the search for alternative lipid sources. Generally, vegetable- and terrestrial animal-origin alternatives lack LC-PUFAs, which are physiologically important nutrients for all fish, and considered essential fatty acids for carnivorous species. When fish oil is spared or replaced by alternative lipids fish survival, growth performance, and fish health are commonly impaired if adequate levels of essential fatty acids are not provided within feeds. Additionally, fish oil sparing typically distorts fillet fatty acid profile and associated nutritional value compared to a fish oil-based diet reflecting the composition of the alternative lipid used. It is clear that to address the fish oil bottleneck in aquafeed manufacturing, researchers must understand the essential fatty acid requirements of the key commercial fish species. Fatty acid essentiality in fish has been investigated, and there is preliminary evidence that not all LC-PUFAs may be equally required, with DHA being more important, and EPA being more expendable. Whereas ARA has not been investigated in the same extent as n-3 LC-PUFAs. Additionally, certain fatty acids groupings such as saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) may influence LC-PUFAs bioavailability, and in some cases maintain or enhance LC-PUFAs deposition. The current dissertation sought to provide new knowledge regarding LC-PUFA requirements of marine carnivorous fish (White Seabass Atractoscion nobilis, California Yellowtail Seriola dorsalis and Florida Pompano Trachinotus carolinus) in the context of C18 PUFA-rich (i.e. polyunsaturated fatty acid with chain length of 18 carbon atoms) and SFA- and MUFA-rich alternative lipids. Determine if all LC-PUFAs (ARA, EPA, DHA) are equally important in meeting fatty acids requirements and also determine the effects of dietary SFA, MUFA, and C 18 PUFA content in fish oil sparing and tissue deposition of LC-PUFAs. The overall findings highlighted that DHA and ARA appear to be the primary drivers of fatty acid essentiality, whereas EPA is likely required in minor amounts. It was also demonstrated that DHA/EPA ratio had little-to-no effect on fish performance. Additionally, LC-PUFA requirements seem to be more flexible than previously assumed being influenced by dietary fatty acid profile. LC-PUFAs in marine finfish are more bioavailable in the context of SFA-/MUFA-rich alternative lipids, thus, reducing the requirements for these nutrients and allowing the fish’s physiological demand to be met with dietary levels below the minimum levels recommended. Finally, these findings suggest that although marine fish accept a variety of alternative lipids, those rich in SFAs and/or MUFAs seem advantageous in terms of limiting the effects of fish oil sparing on tissue fatty acid profiles.
Download or read book Fish Oil Replacement and Alternative Lipid Sources in Aquaculture Feeds written by Giovanni M. Turchini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-07-19 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts are predicting that demand for marine fish oil will soon outstrip supply, creating extreme urgency within the global aquafeed industry to find viable alternatives. Fish Oil Replacement and Alternative Lipid Sources in Aquaculture Feeds is the first comprehensive review of this multifaceted, complex issue. It also addresses the crucial quest
Download or read book Use of Alternative Lipids and Finishing Feeds to Improve Nutritional Value and Food Safety of Hybrid Striped Bass written by Curtis C. Crouse and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seafood represents the most important source of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) in the human diet. However, consuming fish can present risks from persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that bioaccumulate in edible tissues following dietary exposure. In farmed fish, POPs accumulate as a result of feeding diets based on fish oil (FO). Fish oil substitution can reduce POP accumulation, but also results in loss of beneficial LC-PUFAs. Fish oil-based finishing diets at the end of production can restore LC-PUFAs, but this strategy also increases POPs. The present study assessed the use of saturated fatty acid (SFA)-rich lipids to replace fish oil in grow-out feeds in conjunction with a fish oil-rich finishing diet to determine if this strategy could produce hybrid striped bass with equal production performance, equivalent LC-PUFA levels, and reduced POP concentrations. Triplicate tanks of hybrid striped bass were raised on diets containing fish oil (100% FO), fish oil spiked with additional POPs (100% FO Spike), or blends (50/50 or 25/75) of FO and coconut (CO) or palm (PO) oils (50% CO, 50% PO, 75% CO, 75% PO) with and without an eight week finishing period with the 100% FO diet prior to harvest. Production performance, fillet LC-PUFA, and POP content were assessed. Production performance was not adversely affected by any of the feeding regimens. However, fatty acid profile was altered, with fillets of fish consuming less fish oil having lower LC-PUFA and POP levels. Finishing yielded a modest increase in fillet LC-PUFAs and POPs, but POPs accumulated more readily than LC-PUFAs during finishing. However, harvest fillet POP and LC-PUFA levels in the experimental groups were lower relative to levels in the 100% FO group. Replacing fish oil in aquafeeds can produce fish with reduced LC-PUFAs, and also reduced POPs. Feeding fish oil results in more rapid accumulation of POPs than LC-PUFA. Overall, the 75% fish oil replacement feeds yielded fish with the highest ratio of LC-PUFAs to POPs. Despite lower LC-PUFA content, fillets of fish fed the 75% fish oil replacement feeds could be incorporated into a weekly meal plan with other dietary sources of LC-PUFAs to meet dietary recommendations for these essential nutrients.
Download or read book Handbook of Nutrient Requirements of Finfish 1991 written by Robert P. Wilson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-of-a-kind book for researchers interested in finfish nutrition Handbook of Nutrient Requirements of Finfish provides a summary of qualitative and quantitative nutrient requirements for almost all cultured finfish for which a significant amount of nutritional information now exists. Information is presented by species and includes how each species is cultured, an index of production, regional locations where each species is being cultured, examples of purified or test diets and special conditions required for laboratory studies, nutrient requirements and practical diet formulation. Discussions of special diets and feeding practices are included for certain species. This book will be a useful guide for students, researchers, practicing nutritionists, aquaculturists, and feed manufacturers interested in fish nutrition.
Download or read book Alternative Protein Sources in Aquaculture Diets written by Chhorn Lim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-05-09 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique resource that describes the ingredients included in an aquaculture diet, species profiles, processing methods, impacts to environment and industry, and more. Aquaculture is and will remain a major food producing sector in the future. To become more efficient and successful in the aquaculture industry, operations need to provide good nutrition. Alternative Protein Sources in Aquaculture Diets is a unique source describing the ingredients included in fish and crustacean diets, their nutrient compositions, species profiles, suitability for species, processing methods, and impacts of alternative ingredients on the environment and to the aquaculture industry. World-renowned nutritionists and feed technologists explore practical ways for the aquaculture industry to expand and remain competitive, and discuss ways to develop less expensive alternative sources or protein. Diet costs take up a huge chunk of operating expenditures, with fish meal being one of the most expensive ingredients in the aquaculture diet. Alternative Protein Sources in Aquaculture Diets provides detailed knowledge on the use of alternative plant and animal protein sources, offering opportunities to either partially or completely replace fish meal. This comprehensive, up-to-date text discusses the most widely used ingredients as well as various previously under-utilized ingredients which could be of significant potential in the future. The book is extensively referenced and includes numerous helpful tables to clearly present data. Topics discussed in Alternative Protein Sources in Aquaculture Diets (for finfish and crustacean species) include: • farmed fish diet requirements • reduction of waste through diet formulation • poultry by-product meal • meat packing by-products • soybean protein foodstuffs • cottonseed meal • lupins • unconventional plant protein supplements.
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements and Feeding of Finfish for Aquaculture written by Carl D. Webster and published by CABI. This book was released on 2002-02-01 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Good nutrition is fundamental to the success and sustainability of the aquaculture industry in terms of economics, fish health, high quality product production and minimizing environmental pollution. This book provides a unique, complete coverage of current information on nutrientrequirements, feed formulations and feeding practices of commercially important aquaculture species cultured around the world. Each chapter contains detailed feeding information on specific species and is written by an expert nutritionist on that species. The book is of interest to those workingprofessionally in the industry, graduate level students and researchers.
Download or read book Fish Nutrition written by John Halver and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish Nutrition aims to present the state of knowledge of basic and applied nutritional requirements of fishes. Most of the information found in this book involves salmonids, their nutrition, and metabolism of nutrients. This is in view of the fact that more research has been done and completed with this fish. Although applied fish nutrition is a very broad field, this book focuses on some of its aspects. These include the classes of nutrients and requirements for several types of fishes. This book comprises of 11 chapters. The first few chapters deal with the general nutrient requirements of fishes. Then, other chapters discuss calorie and energy as well as micro- and macronutrient needs and requirements. The following chapters deal with the non-nutrient components of the diet, or those that influence the characteristics of food products including texture, odor, flavor, and color. Other topics covered are enzymes and systems of intermediary metabolism (Chapter 6); feed formulation and evaluation (Chapter 7); and salmonid husbandry techniques (Chapter 9). Nutritional fish diseases are also discussed in this book. Some of these diseases include thyroid tumor, gill disease, anemia, lipoid liver degeneration, and visceral granuloma. In Chapter 11, the relationship of nutrition and pathology is given emphasis. This chapter also tackles the diet and general fish husbandry. This topic is very important, because an adequate diet for fish husbandry is the foundation of fish farming.
Download or read book Impact of Alternative Non fish Oil Dietary Lipid Sources and Subsequent finishing on Growth and Tissue Long chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Retention in Cobia Rachycentron Canadum written by Franklin R. Woitel and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) aquaculture is poised for expansion, due in part to rapid growth rate, tolerance of culture conditions, and high market value of this species. Similar to other carnivorous marine fishes, the high monetary cost and long-range unsustainability of reliance on fish oil as the principle lipid source for cobia feeds necessitates evaluation of alternative lipid sources to spare or replace fish oil. Unfortunately, alternative lipid-based feeds may affect production performance, and typically yield fillets with reduced levels of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). Recent research has indicated that diets rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), coupled with the application of so-called "finishing feeds" (feeds containing elevated levels of fish oil relative to grow-out feeds) at the end of the production cycle, may limit or attenuate these effects of fish oil sparing. Accordingly, I conducted two trials to evaluate the usefulness of alternative lipids and finishing in cobia culture. In the first trial, I assessed growth performance and tissue fatty acid composition of juvenile cobia fed diets (~11% lipid, ~48% protein) containing fish oil (control), or 50/50 blends of fish oil and alternative lipids (beef tallow, pork lard, partially and fully hydrogenated soy oils, and traditional soy oil) supplemented with an algal meal (to meet the 22:6n-3 requirement of cobia) for 8 weeks. Although minor differences were observed in feed intake, growth performance was otherwise equivalent among the dietary groups. Tissue fatty acid composition varied significantly among treatments, however, with alternative lipids containing higher levels of saturated (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) yielding tissue profiles that were most similar to those associated with the fish oil-based control feed. Although beef tallow and hydrogenated soybean oil were largely equivalent in terms of growth performance and fatty acid profile change, beef tallow was selected for further evaluation because of its low cost. In the second trial, beef tallow replaced fish oil in feeds at one of four substitution levels: 0% (100% fish oil), 33%, 67%, or 100% tallow (with algal 22:6n-3 meal included in all feeds as before). Juvenile cobia were raised on these feeds for 8 weeks, then switched to the 100% fish oil-based control feed for an 8-week finishing period. During finishing, subsamples of fish were collected every 2 weeks to quantify changes in tissue fatty acid profile over time as a result of finishing. In the second trial, the overall similarity of tissue fatty profiles to those in the 100% fish oil control treatment increased over the course of finishing, mostly as a result of declines in SFAs and MUFAs. These results suggest that SFA and MUFA-rich lipids, such as fully hydrogenated soy oil and beef tallow, are effective and strategically valuable as partial substitutes for fish oil in cobia feeds, and that finishing is at least partially effective in restoring cobia tissue fatty acid composition to a state approximating that of cobia fed only fish oil as dietary lipid.
Download or read book Alternative Proteins written by Alaa El-Din A. Bekhit and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-01-20 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade, there has been substantial research dedicated towards prospecting physiochemical, nutritional and health properties of novel protein sources. In addition to being driven by predictions of increased population and lack of a parallel increase in traditional protein sources, main drivers for the rise in novel proteins/ novel foods research activities is linked to significant changes in young consumers’ attitudes toward red meat consumption and their interest in new alternative protein products. Alternative Proteins: Safety and Food Security Considerations presents up-to-date information on alternative proteins from non-meat sources and examines their nutritional and functional roles as food sources and ingredients. Emphasis is placed on the safety of these novel proteins and an evaluation of their potential contribution to food security. Motivations for novel proteins and restrictions for their use are also discussed. Key Features: Explains potential improvements to alternative proteins through the employment of novel processing techniques. Contains the first review on keratin as an alternative protein source. Explores first comprehensive evaluation of the religious aspects of novel proteins. Describes methods for the detection and evaluation of health hazards. Discusses guidelines, regulatory issues and recommendations for food safety Additionally, this book covers fundamental and recent developments in the production of alternative proteins, and examines safety and consumer acceptability wherever information is available. The sources and processing options for alternative proteins and their impact on final product characteristics are also covered. A collective contribution from international researchers who are active in their field of research and have made significant contributions to the the food sciences, this book is beneficial to any researcher interested in the the food science and safety of alternative proteins.
Download or read book Nutrition and Fish Health written by Carl D Webster and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-07-25 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safeguard the success of aquaculture operations without expensive antibiotics!Diseases are a major threat to the sustainability of the aquaculture industry. Because antibiotics have many drawbacks, increasing importance is being placed on understanding the mechanisms that make nutrition a key factor in host defense against pathogens. Nutr
Download or read book Dietary Nutrients Additives and Fish Health written by Cheng-Sheng Lee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-22 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish nutrition can be the deciding factor between a robust and healthy farmed fish population and low aquaculture production. In an age where chemicals and antibiotics are under greater scrutiny than ever, a strong understanding of the role of nutrients and feed additives is essential in the aquaculture industry. Dietary Nutrients, Additives and Fish Health is a comprehensive review of dietary nutrients, antinutritional factors and toxins, and non-nutrient dietary additives, and their effects on fish performance and immune system function, as well as overall health. The book opens with an overview of fish immune systems and health. Subsequent chapters delve into proteins and amino acids, lipids and fatty acids, carbohydrates, beta glucans, vitamins, minerals, antinutrients, mycotoxins, nucleotides, prebiotics, probiotics, organic acids and their salts, and plant extracts and their impacts on fish health, growth, and development. The text then concludes with a chapter on feeding practices. Authored by leaders in aquaculture, Dietary Nutrients, Additives and Fish Health will be an invaluable resource to graduate students, researchers and professionals alike.
Download or read book Fish Nutrition written by Ronald W. Hardy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 924 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish Nutrition, Fourth Edition is an up-to-date, authoritative presentation of all key elements of the nutrition of fish and crustaceans. As aquaculture is rapidly expanding, more than 200 herbivorous and carnivorous species occupy a diverse range of ecological niches, and have therefore evolved to utilize a wide array of food sources. This new edition highlights these differences and covers the complexity and challenges associated with fish nutrition, addressing nutrient requirements to produce high-quality, healthful and sustainable resources, the essential nutrients for fish species, including proteins and amino acids, vitamins, minerals and essential fatty acids, a feed quality assessment, and fish pathology. Led by a team of international experts, this edition provides readers with new information on the use of high-throughput technologies in fish nutrition research, the role of feeds on the community structure of the microbiome, and advances in essential nutrient requirements. Features expansive updates to the previous edition, including a new chapter dedicated to diet analysis and evaluation Addresses the roles of fish nutrition and feeds on sustainability and the environmental impacts of aquaculture Covers basic nutritional biochemistry and applied nutritional topics
Download or read book Modifying Lipids for Use in Food written by F. D. Gunstone and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2006-09-28 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oils and fats have a major impact on the nutritional and sensory quality of many foods. Food manufacturers must often modify lipid components or ingredients in food to achieve the right balance of physical, chemical and nutritional properties. Modifying lipids for use in foods reviews the range of lipids available, techniques for their modification and how they can be used in food products. Part one reviews vegetable, animal, marine and microbial sources of lipids and their structure. The second part of the book discusses the range of techniques for modifying lipids such as hydrogenation, fractionation and interesterification. Finally, part three considers the wide range of applications of modified lipids in such areas as dairy and bakery products, confectionary and frying oils. With its distinguished editor and international range of contributors, Modifying lipids for use in foods is a standard reference for dairy and other manufacturers using modified lipids.
Download or read book Sustainable Alternatives to Fish Meal and Fish Oil in Fish Nutrition written by Vasileios Karalazos and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) have been used extensively in aquafeeds, mainly due to their excellent nutritional properties. However, various reasons dictate the use of sustainable alternatives and the reduction of the dependence on these commodities in fish feeds. Hence, the aim of the present thesis was to investigate the effects of the replacement of FM and FO with two vegetable oils (VO) and an oilseed meal on the growth performance, feed utilization, nutrient and fatty acids (FA) digestibility and tissue FA composition and metabolism in three commercially important European fish species. Specifically, in Experiment I crude palm oil (PO) was used to replace FO in diets for rainbow trout. In Experiments II and III FO was replaced with rapeseed oil (RO) in diets for Atlantic salmon at various dietary protein/lipid levels aiming also at further reductions of FM by using low protein (high lipid) diet formulations. In Experiments II and III the fish were reared at low and high water temperatures, respectively, in order to elucidate, also, the potential effects of temperature. Lastly, the effects of the replacement of FM with full fat soya meal (FFS) in Atlantic cod were investigated in Experiment IV. The results of the present thesis showed no negative effects on growth performance and feed utilization in rainbow trout when FO was replaced with PO. The dietary inclusion of RO improved the growth of Atlantic salmon, possibly, due to changes in the nutrient and FA digestibilities and FA catabolism while, the growth and feed utilization were unaffected by the dietary protein/lipid level. However, the growth of Atlantic cod was affected negatively by the replacement of FM with FFS. The proximate composition of the fish whole body was in most cases unaffected by dietary treatments. The changes in dietary formulations affected the dietary FA compositions and resulted in significant changes in the fish tissue FA compositions. It was clearly shown that the fish tissue total lipid FA composition reflects the FA composition of the diet, although specific FA were selectively utilized or retained in the tissues by the fish. These may have serious implications not only for fish metabolism and growth but also for the quality of the final product, especially in terms of possible reductions of n-3 HUFA.
Download or read book Fish Nutrition Metabolism and Physiology written by Kang-le Lu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-17 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Finfish Aquaculture Diversification written by Nathalie R. Le François and published by CABI. This book was released on 2010 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is considerable global interest in the culture of finfish species both for cold and warm water aquaculture development and growth. Essential information on the biology, domestication and aquacultural characteristics of a wide selection of novel and established species is provided in the form of technical sheets, species descriptions and information on current rearing practices, making this a must-have reference in the field of aquacultural science. The book also offers a basic framework in order to support investment strategies for research and development efforts aimed at the emergence of a profitable finfish aquaculture industry and presents a rationale for species diversification, different approaches to species selection and basic economic and market considerations governing the launch of strategic development and commercialization efforts.
Download or read book Text Book of Biochemistry written by Amita Saxena and published by Discovery Publishing House. This book was released on 2006 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: Importance of Biochemistry in Nutrition, Measurements, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Muscle Proteins in Fishes, Enzymes, Nucleic Acid and Genetic Code, Vitamins, Hormones, Pigments Carotenoids.
