Download or read book Model Systems in Aging written by Thomas Nyström and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aging is the progressive decline in biological functions over time. This decline targets macromolecules, cells, tissues and, as a consequence, whole organisms. Despite considerable progress in the development of testable hypothesis concerning aging in an evolutionary context, a unifying theory of the molecular/physiological mechanistic causes of aging has not been reached. In fact, is it not clear to what extent aging is a programmed or stochastic process. This book takes the reader from unicellular bacterial deterioration via senescence in fungi and worms to aging in rodents and humans, allowing a comparative view on similarities and differences in different genetic model systems. The different model systems are scrutinized in the light of contemporary aging hypothesis, such as the free radical and genomic instability theories.
Download or read book Aging and Other Model Systems written by Bert M. Zuckerman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nematodes as Biological Models, Volume 2: Aging and Other Model Systems contains discussions on free-living nematodes as biological models for pharmacologic and toxicant testing, and for studies on gerontology and nutrition. The book presents specific chapters that cover topics on nematodes as models to study aging; nematodes as nutritional models; physiology and morphology of nematodes; and models and mechanisms on longevity and survival in nematodes. Geneticists, cell and developmental biologists, neurologists, endocrinologists, toxicologists, nutritionists, and gerontologists will find the book invaluable.
Download or read book Conn s Handbook of Models for Human Aging written by Jeffrey L. Ram and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-05 with total page 1218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conn's Handbook of Models for Human Aging, Second Edition, presents key aspects of biology, nutrition, factors affecting lifespan, methods of age determination, use in research and the disadvantages/advantages of use. Using a multidisciplinary approach, this updated edition is designed as the only comprehensive, current work that covers the diversity in aging models. Chapters on comparative models explore age-related diseases, including Alzheimer's, joint disease, cataracts, cancer and obesity. Also included are new tricks and approaches not available in primary publications. This must-have handbook is an indispensable resource for researchers interested in the mechanisms of aging, gerontologists, health professionals, allied health practitioners and students. Combines both the methods of study for human aging and animal models Provides a historical overview and discussion of model availability, key methods and ethical issues Contains over 200 full color illustrations
Download or read book Epigenetics of Aging written by Trygve O. Tollefsbol and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-11 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies have indicated that epigenetic processes may play a major role in both cellular and organismal aging. These epigenetic processes include not only DNA methylation and histone modifications, but also extend to many other epigenetic mediators such as the polycomb group proteins, chromosomal position effects, and noncoding RNA. The topics of this book range from fundamental changes in DNA methylation in aging to the most recent research on intervention into epigenetic modifications to modulate the aging process. The major topics of epigenetics and aging covered in this book are: 1) DNA methylation and histone modifications in aging; 2) Other epigenetic processes and aging; 3) Impact of epigenetics on aging; 4) Epigenetics of age-related diseases; 5) Epigenetic interventions and aging: and 6) Future directions in epigenetic aging research. The most studied of epigenetic processes, DNA methylation, has been associated with cellular aging and aging of organisms for many years. It is now apparent that both global and gene-specific alterations occur not only in DNA methylation during aging, but also in several histone alterations. Many epigenetic alterations can have an impact on aging processes such as stem cell aging, control of telomerase, modifications of telomeres, and epigenetic drift can impact the aging process as evident in the recent studies of aging monozygotic twins. Numerous age-related diseases are affected by epigenetic mechanisms. For example, recent studies have shown that DNA methylation is altered in Alzheimer’s disease and autoimmunity. Other prevalent diseases that have been associated with age-related epigenetic changes include cancer and diabetes. Paternal age and epigenetic changes appear to have an effect on schizophrenia and epigenetic silencing has been associated with several of the progeroid syndromes of premature aging. Moreover, the impact of dietary or drug intervention into epigenetic processes as they affect normal aging or age-related diseases is becoming increasingly feasible.
Download or read book Model Systems in Aging written by Thomas Nystrom and published by . This book was released on 2014-09-01 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Our Future Selves written by National Advisory Council on Aging (U.S.). Panel on Biomedical Research and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of biomedical research on aging is to prolong the useful and active lives of the elderly and to raise the quality of their lives. That can be accomplished if we understand the normal process of aging, the nature of diseases common to the aged, and the sources of and remedies for many of the painful disabilities suffered by the aged. The major systems within the body fail at different rates, depending upon the inherited characteristics and environmental experiences of the individual. One goal of biomedical research is to characterize, for the various organ systems of the body, the progressive loss of functions with age. Biomedical research on aging can be divided into three major areas: basic biological aspects of aging, the interaction of aging and disease, and the interaction of external, or environmental, influences and aging. Important elements in research on aging include: experimental model systems, the study of human populations, studies of alteration of life span, and resources and training needs.
Download or read book New Directions in the Sociology of Aging written by Panel on New Directions in Social Demography, Social Epidemiology, and the Sociology of Aging and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-01-09 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aging of the population of the United States is occurring at a time of major economic and social changes. These economic changes include consideration of increases in the age of eligibility for Social Security and Medicare and possible changes in benefit levels. Furthermore, changes in the social context in which older individuals and families function may well affect the nature of key social relationships and institutions that define the environment for older persons. Sociology offers a knowledge base, a number of useful analytic approaches and tools, and unique theoretical perspectives that can facilitate understanding of these demographic, economic, and social changes and, to the extent possible, their causes, consequences and implications. The Future of the Sociology of Aging: An Agenda for Action evaluates the recent contributions of social demography, social epidemiology and sociology to the study of aging and identifies promising new research directions in these sub-fields. Included in this study are nine papers prepared by experts in sociology, demography, social genomics, public health, and other fields, that highlight the broad array of tools and perspectives that can provide the basis for further advancing the understanding of aging processes in ways that can inform policy. This report discusses the role of sociology in what is a wide-ranging and diverse field of study; a proposed three-dimensional conceptual model for studying social processes in aging over the life cycle; a review of existing databases, data needs and opportunities, primarily in the area of measurement of interhousehold and intergenerational transmission of resources, biomarkers and biosocial interactions; and a summary of roadblocks and bridges to transdisciplinary research that will affect the future directions of the field of sociology of aging.
Download or read book Aging of Organisms written by Heinz Osiewacz and published by Taylor & Francis US. This book was released on 2003-10-31 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Volume of the Series is devoted to aging at the organismic level. Different levels of organisation, ranging from single cell organisms (yeast) to humans are included. In addition to the currently most important model systems like yeast, filamentous fungi, Caenorabditis elegans, flies and mice, other systems like sponges and plants are discussed. Most importantly, research using different aging models can be expected to unravel the most important basic mechanisms of aging that are conserved in all species. In addition, a critical discussion of what can be expected from this kind of strategy for the understanding of aging in humans is included. This book serves as excellent reading for graduate students, scientists in Medical Research, Medical doctors, researchers in pharmacological fields, researchers, biologists, and experts of this area.
Download or read book Natural Genetic and Phenotypic Variation for Aging written by Kelly Jin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aging is a complex, highly variable trait influenced by genes, environment, and the interaction between the two. While aging is universal across nearly all species in the animal kingdom, there are many different ways an organism declines in health. As such, in order to fully understand why and how we age, we must explore the variation of aging in populations, both genetically and phenotypically. Historically, two main approaches have been used to try and understand how and why we age, including evolutionary and mechanistic approaches. Evolutionary approaches to studying aging have largely utilized demography, population and quantitative genetics, and mathematical modeling methods to investigate aging from a population perspective. Mechanistic approaches, in contrast, use cellular and molecular methods to drill down to mechanism, usually in the context of highly specific genetic or cellular backgrounds. While these two approaches have each revealed a great deal about both the evolutionary theory underlying why we age, as well as specific cellular pathways that may explain how we age, there is room for integration of these two complimentary approaches in the current landscape of aging research. An integrated approach to studying aging would incorporate the advantages of population and quantitative genetics, mathematical modeling, and molecular techniques to learn more about aging in individuals within a genetically variable population. Recent advancements in high-throughput genetic and molecular tools, as well as the growing popularity of data sharing, have made such approaches more feasible. In this dissertation, I present three unique but complementary perspectives on how we can use systems biology methods and animal models of genetic variation to learn more about the aging process. In the first study, I investigate the genetic and metabolomic architecture underlying lifespan extension using a collection of 178 genetically variable Drosophila lines. In the second study, I introduce a novel model system for human aging and disease research, the companion dog, and demonstrate that dogs, like humans, show increased levels of comorbidity with age. In my final research chapter, I expand on the versatility of the companion dog as a model for aging by using canine epigenomic profiles to build predictive models of chronological age, and interrogate whether or not those models might also predict the overall health of the animals. Taken together, this collection of highly interdisciplinary studies paves the way for future studies of aging that integrate the advantages of both classical quantitative genetics and cellular approaches to gain a more complete understanding of the biology of aging.
Download or read book Stem Cells and Aging written by Surajit Pathak and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem Cells and Aging covers what is known about the effect of time and age on the basic units of life, which are the corresponding tissue-specific or adult stem cells. Even though the concept of stem cells was introduced nearly a century ago by Alexander Maximow, modern stem-cell research began in 1963 when James Till, Ernest McCullough and Lou Siminovitch established assays to detect hematopoietic stem cells. In fact, given the importance of the aging-associated diseases, scientists have developed a keen interest in understanding the aging process as they attempt to define the role of dysfunctional stem cells in the aging process. With an aging population worldwide, understanding these age-related stem cell changes at a basic biology level and at the level of their influences for regenerative medicine is of interest and importance. There is increasing evidence that the aging process can have much adverse effects on stem cells. In the modern era, one of the emerging fields in treating human diseases is stem cell research, as stem cells have the remarkable potential to treat a wide range of diseases. Nevertheless, understanding the molecular mechanism involved in aging and deterioration of stem cell function is crucial in developing effective new therapies for aging. Serves as an ideal reference to guide investigators toward valuable answers to the problems of our aging population Addresses the effect of time and age on human stem cells Includes chapters from contributors exploring the biology of stem cell aging around the globe
Download or read book Successful Aging written by John Wallis Rowe and published by Random House Large Print Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the results of the MacArthur Foundation Study of Aging in America, which show how to maintain optimum physical and mental strength throughout later life.
Download or read book The Mouse in Biomedical Research written by Henry Foster and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Volume I: History, Genetics, and Wild Mice focuses on the utility of the mouse as a laboratory animal in biomedical research. A historical perspective on the development and origins of the laboratory and wild mouse is given. The diversity of inbred strains of mice as well as the methods of developing and the genetic monitoring and testing of these strains are discussed. This volume consists of 14 chapters and begins with an overview of mice of the genus Mus and problems concerning evolution within the genus. The following chapters focus on taxonomy, nomenclature, and breeding systems, together with recombinant inbred and congenic resistant mouse strains. Methods of constructing, testing, and monitoring strains are described. Congenic strains, gene mapping, cytogenetics, and murine experimental studies are also considered, along with the histocompatibility-2 complex and radiation genetics. The final chapter is devoted to the pharmacogenetics of the laboratory mouse, paying particular attention to intoxication and detoxication pathways, genetically determined differences in xenobiotic metabolism, and pharmacogenetic polymorphisms. This book will be a useful reference for investigators using mice in many areas of research.
Download or read book Oxidative Stress in Aging written by Satomi Miwa and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2010-12-10 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human aging is a complex phenomenon. This state-of-the-art book discusses the role of free radicals in aging in different animal models, as well as the relevance of free radicals on age-related diseases and pathological conditions in humans (following an introduction section of the basics and theory of free radicals). In addition, the major interventions trials of antioxidant supplements in age-related disease, cancer and so forth are reviewed and discussed.
Download or read book Model Systems for Studying General Aging Processes written by Thomas E. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Geroscience written by Felipe Sierra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive overview of a new scientific discipline termed Geroscience. Geroscience examines the molecular and cellular mechanisms that might explain why aging is the main risk factor for most chronic diseases affecting the elderly population. Over the past few decades, researchers have made impressive progress in understanding the genetics, biology and physiology of aging. This book presents vital research that can help readers to better understand how aging is a critical malleable risk factor in most chronic diseases, which, in turn, could lead to interventions that can help increase a healthy lifespan, or ‘healthspan.’ The book begins with an analysis of the Geroscience hypothesis, as well as the epidemiological underpinnings that define aging as a candidate main risk factor for most chronic diseases. Next, each chapter focuses on one particular disease, or group of diseases, with an emphasis on how basic molecular and cellular biology might explain why aging is a major risk factor for it. Coverage in the book includes: cancer, cardiovascular disease, dementias, stroke, Parkinson's and Alzheimer’s diseases, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes asthma, emphysema, kidney disease, vision impairment, and AIDS/HIV. It finishes with a chapter on pain in the elderly and an overview of future steps needed to bring the newly acquired knowledge into the clinic and the public at large.
Download or read book The Biology of Senescence written by Alex Comfort and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Biology of Senescence
Download or read book Age Friendly Health Systems written by Terry Fulmer and published by Institute for Healthcare Improvement (Ihi). This book was released on 2022-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the US Census Bureau, the US population aged 65+ years is expected to nearly double over the next 30 years, from 43.1 million in 2012 to an estimated 83.7 million in 2050. These demographic advances, however extraordinary, have left our health systems behind as they struggle to reliably provide evidence-based practice to every older adult at every care interaction. Age-Friendly Health Systems is an initiative of The John A. Hartford Foundation and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), in partnership with the American Hospital Association (AHA) and the Catholic Health Association of the United States (CHA), designed Age-Friendly Health Systems to meet this challenge head on. Age-Friendly Health Systems aim to: Follow an essential set of evidence-based practices; Cause no harm; and Align with What Matters to the older adult and their family caregivers.
