Download or read book Suppressing Illicit Opium Production written by James Windle and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional analysis of the illicit opium market suggests that source country interventions have at best achieved minimal results. Yet there are countries that have eliminated, or significantly reduced, the illicit production of opium from their territory. Drawing on a wide range of academic, official and non-governmental sources, including previously unidentified records, James Windle provides detailed narratives of countries that have achieved national success, including China, Iran, Turkey, the People s Republic of China, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Thailand, Pakistan, Vietnam and Laos, and identifies key factors necessary for successful intervention. Suppressing Illicit Opium Production makes a valuable contribution to our scarce knowledge of source country drug policy and draws out important lessons to be learned for improving the effectiveness of future interventions. It will be essential reference for all practitioners, policy makers and academics concerned with a subject of significant contemporary relevance."
Download or read book The Wars of Afghanistan written by Peter Tomsen and published by PublicAffairs. This book was released on 2013-12-10 with total page 914 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As Ambassador and Special Envoy on Afghanistan from 1989 to 1992, Peter Tomsen has had close relationships with Afghan leaders and has dealt with senior Taliban, warlords, and religious leaders involved in the region's conflicts over the last two decades. Now Tomsen draws on a rich trove of never-before-published material to shed new light on the American involvement in the long and continuing Afghan war. This book offers a deeply informed perspective on how Afghanistan's history as a "shatter zone" for foreign invaders and its tribal society have shaped the modern Afghan narrative. It brings to life the appallingly misinformed secret operations by foreign intelligence agencies, including the Soviet NKVD and KGB, the Pakistani ISI, and the CIA. American policy makers, Tomsen argues, still do not understand Afghanistan; nor do they appreciate how the CIA's covert operations and the Pentagon's military strategy have strengthened extremism in the country. At this critical time, he shows how the U.S. and the coalition it leads can assist the region back to peace and stability.
Download or read book The Nexus written by Frank Shanty and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2011-03-03 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely and important work offers an in-depth analysis of the existence—or nonexistence—of a nexus between international terrorism and drug trafficking emanating from Afghanistan. The Nexus: International Terrorism and Drug Trafficking from Afghanistan addresses an issue that directly impacts the prospects for resolution of the current insurgency in that nation. Written by noted terrorism expert Frank Shanty, the book explores the nature and the extent of involvement between international criminal drug traffickers, particularly of drugs originating from Afghanistan, and international terrorist networks with global reach. Shanty dispels the myths and disinformation surrounding this vital—and controversial—question, even as he arrives at his own answers. In addition to offering a historical overview of the opium problem in Afghanistan from the late 1970s to 2010, the book looks at three distinct phenomena. It examines the existence, characteristics, and behavior of international terrorists operating from Afghanistan, specifically the evolution and ascendancy of al-Qaeda and the Taliban and the nature of their relationship. It looks at Afghanistan's opium trade relative to specific-actor involvement and, finally, it analyzes allegations of a link between terrorists in Afghanistan and international drug criminals and the implications of that connection.
Download or read book The Global Afghan Opium Trade written by and published by UN. This book was released on 2011 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opiates originating in Afghanistan threaten the health and well-being of people in many regions of the world. Their illicit trade also adversely impacts governance, security, stability and development in Afghanistan, in its neighbors, in the broader region and beyond. This report, the second such report of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime research project on the topic, covers worldwide flows of Afghan opiates, as well as trafficking in precursor chemicals used to turn opium into heroin. By providing a better understanding of the global impact of Afghan opiates, this report can help the international community identify vulnerabilities and possible countermeasures. This report presents data on the distribution of trafficking flows for Afghan opiates and their health impact throughout the world. A worrying development that requires international attention is the increasing use of Africa as a way station for Afghan heroin shipments to Europe, North America and Oceania. This is fuelling heroin consumption in Africa, a region generally ill-equipped to provide treatment to drug users and to fight off the corrupting effects of drug money. Another new trend is the growing use of sea and air transport to move Afghan heroin around the world, as well as to smuggle chemicals used in heroin production into Afghanistan. Traffickers in Afghan heroin have traditionally relied on overland routes, and law enforcement services will need to respond to this new threat. The findings of this report identify areas that need more attention. Strengthening border controls at the most vulnerable points, such as along Afghanistan's border with Pakistan's Baluchistan province, could help stem the largest flows of heroin, opium and precursor chemicals. Increasing the capacity to monitor and search shipping containers in airports, seaports and dry ports at key transit points and in destination countries could improve interdiction rates. Building capacity and fostering intelligence sharing between ports and law enforcement authorities in key countries and regions would help step up interdiction of both opiates and precursor chemicals. Addressing Afghan opium and insecurity will help the entire region, with ripple effects that spread much farther. Enhancing security, the rule of law and rural development are all necessary to achieve sustainable results in reducing poppy cultivation and poverty in Afghanistan. This will benefit the Afghan people, the wider region and the international community as a whole. But addressing the supply side and trafficking is not enough. We need a balanced approach that gives equal weight to counteracting demand for opiates.
Download or read book World Drug Report written by United Nations and published by UN. This book was released on 2016-06-23 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Drug Report provides an annual overview of recent developments for various drug categories. Chapter one of the World Drug Report 2015 provides a global overview of the latest developments with respect to opiates, cocaine, cannabis and synthetic drugs, ranging from production to trafficking as well as consumption and the health impact of drug use. Chapter two focuses on Alternative Development, its relation to illicit cultivation, and also within the broader context of the development agenda.
Download or read book Report on Progress Toward Security and Stability in Afghanistan and United States Plan for Sustaining the Afghanistan National Security Forces written by United States. Department of Defense and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guilty Party the International Community in Afghanistan written by Graciana del Castillo and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2014-04-02 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recalling an unforgettable trip throughout Afghanistan in Nowroz 1978, only three weeks before the bloody communist coup d'tat, the author uses places along the way to describe how foreign conquerors, nationalist policies, a variety of ethnicities and religions, and the Silk Route combined to mold present-day Afghanistan. Such places provided the stage for the famous battles of ancient and modern times, as they provided the different livelihoods of the afghan population that still lives mostly from agriculture and livestock production. Gripping accounts on the political and security transitions since 9/11 have not been matched by similar ones on the economic and social ones, which is the purpose of this book. Based on what she saw in a more recent visit in 2011, the author explains to a general audience how misguided economic policies, misplaced priorities, and wasteful aid have led Afghanistan to an infamous record: the country not only relapsed into conflict but became the most aid-dependent country in the world. Muddling through, as in the past, is no longer an option as NATO troops withdraw and aid falls sharply. The author makes a proposal to help the country to move away from the vicious circle of insecurity, aid, drug and food dependency to a virtuous one of genuine investment, rural development, employment opportunities and improved livelihoods. The cost of the Afghan war-in terms of human lives and taxpayers' money-has been outrageous, and taxpayers should demand a debate among all stakeholders on how to move forward.
Download or read book High Value Natural Resources and Post Conflict Peacebuilding written by Päivi Lujala and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-03-29 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For most post-conflict countries, the transition to peace is daunting. In countries with high-value natural resources – including oil, gas, diamonds, other minerals, and timber –the stakes are unusually high and peacebuilding is especially challenging. Resource-rich post-conflict countries face both unique problems and opportunities. They enter peacebuilding with an advantage that distinguishes them from other war-torn societies: access to natural resources that can yield substantial revenues for alleviating poverty, compensating victims, creating jobs, and rebuilding the country and the economy. Evidence shows, however, that this opportunity is often wasted. Resource-rich countries do not have a better record in sustaining peace. In fact, resource-related conflicts are more likely to relapse. Focusing on the relationship between high-value natural resources and peacebuilding in post-conflict settings, this book identifies opportunities and strategies for converting resource revenues to a peaceful future. Its thirty chapters draw on the experiences of forty-one researchers and practitioners – as well as the broader literature – and cover a range of key issues, including resource extraction, revenue sharing and allocation, and institution building. The book provides a concise theoretical and practical framework that policy makers, researchers, practitioners, and students can use to understand and address the complex interplay between the management of high-value resources and peace. High-Value Natural Resources and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding is part of a global initiative led by the Environmental Law Institute (ELI), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the University of Tokyo, and McGill University to identify and analyze lessons in natural resource management and post-conflict peacebuilding. The project has generated six edited books of case studies and analyses, with contributions from practitioners, policy makers, and researchers. Other books in the series address land; water; livelihoods; assessing and restoring natural resources; and governance.
Download or read book Multilateral Approach In China s Foreign Policy written by Joseph Yu-shek Cheng and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the mid-1990s, the Chinese authorities have gradually come to embrace multilateralism to realize their basic foreign policy objectives in maintaining a peaceful international environment and enhancing China's international status and influence. This embrace is largely based on pragmatic considerations. There is no denial, however, that elements of liberalism and constructivism gradually enter into the considerations of Chinese leaders. They accept, for example, that non-traditional security issues can only be tackled through genuine multilateralism. This volume carefully examines China's increased participation in multilateral organizations and mechanisms and its efforts to initiate and develop its own discourses on global affairs straddling Asia, the Middle East, Africa and the Latin American continents. China's presence in international multilateral organizations has been providing developing countries a better chance to maintain a balance of power. Since China has no ambitious plan to transform the existing international order, its increasing enthusiastic engagement of multilateralism is likely to be accepted by the international community.
Download or read book Al Qaeda the Taliban and Conflict in Afghanistan written by Kristen Boon and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 117 of Terrorism: Commentary on Security Documents, Al Qaeda, the Taliban, and Conflict in Afghanistan includes recent documents relating to the conflict in Afghanistan against the Taliban and its foreign allies, including al Qaeda. Afghanistan remains a central front in the conflict against Al Qaeda and continues to plague analysts and military strategists alike. This collection of documents portrays a reoccurring theme: the integration of political and military strategies to better combat U.S. efforts in the region.
Download or read book Afghanistan written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates total opium cultivation in 2008 in Afghanistan at 157,000 hectares, a 19% reduction compared to 2007. 98% of the total cultivation is confined to 7 provinces with security problems: 5 are in the south and 2 in the west of Afghanistan. Of the 38 provinces in the country, 18 were poppy-free in 2008 compared to 13 in 2007. The total opium production in 2008 is est. at 7,700 metric tons, a 6% reduction compared to 2007. Almost all of the production takes place in the same 7 provinces where the cultivation is concentrated. The gross income for farmers who cultivated opium poppy was est. at US$730 million in 2008. This is a decrease from 2007, when farmgate income for opium was estimated at US$1 billion. Maps, tables and graphs.
Download or read book Killing the Cranes written by Edward Girardet and published by Chelsea Green Publishing. This book was released on 2012-08-08 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few reporters have covered Afghanistan as intrepidly and humanely as Edward Girardet. Now, in a gripping, personal account, Girardet delivers a story of that nation's resistance fighters, foreign invaders, mercenaries, spies, aid workers, Islamic extremists, and others who have defined Afghanistan's last thirty years of war, chaos, and strife. As a young foreign correspondent, Girardet arrived in Afghanistan just three months prior to the Soviet invasion in 1979. Over the next decades, he trekked hundreds of miles across rugged mountains and deserts on clandestine journeys following Afghan guerrillas in battle as they smuggled French doctors into the country, and as they combated each other as well as invaders. He witnessed the world's greatest refugee exodus, the bitter Battle for Kabul in the early 1990s, the rise of the Taliban, and, finally, the US-led Western military and recovery effort that began in 2001. Girardet's encounters with key figures-including Ahmed Shah Massoud, the famed "Lion of Panjshir" assassinated by al Qaeda two days before 9/11, Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, an Islamic extremist massively supported by the Americans during the 1980s only to become one of today's most ruthless anti-Western insurgents, and Osama bin Laden-shed extraordinary light on the personalities who have shaped the nation, and its current challenges, from corruption and narcotics trafficking to selfish regional interests. Killing the Cranes provides crucial insights into why the West's current involvement has turned into such a disaster, not only rekindling a new insurgency, but squandering billions of dollars on a recovery process that has shown scant success.
Download or read book Building a peace economy written by Jenny H. Peterson and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2015-11-01 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. This book critically examines the range of policies and programmes that attempt to manage economic activity that contributes to political violence. It offers a new framework for understanding both the problem of economic activity in conflict zones as well as programmes aimed at managing these and transforming them into more peaceful economic and political relationships. Through this examination, both the problems of liberal modes of peacebuilding, implemented by the development-security industry, and opportunities for policy innovation are explored. Useful charts and frameworks throughout the book provide the reader with a range of analytical tools that can be easily used to explore war economies and related policies in a range of contexts, making this book an essential read for students, policy makers and aid practitioners working in a range of disciplines and conflict-affected areas.
Download or read book Yearbook of the United Nations written by United Nations and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 1614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issue for 1946-47 includes a summary of the organization's activities from its inception to July 1, 1947.
Download or read book How to Do Critical Discourse Analysis written by David Machin and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2023-02-11 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Want to use Critical Discourse Analysis, but not sure where to start? This book is the complete toolkit you need. Each chapter presents distinct concepts and ideas in Critical Discourse Analysis, explaining how to use them in your research – and why. Packed with case studies of news texts, social media content, memes, promotional videos, institutional documents, infographics and webpages, the book shows you how to apply each set of tools to real life examples. Most importantly, examples, case studies, and revised opening chapters of this second edition show how multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis can help us to understand the role of language in the functioning of society and politics today, shaping our priorities for what to do and how to act. This book is an inspiring and valuable resource for any undergraduate students and researchers who wish to understand and use Critical Discourse Analysis. David Machin is Professor of Linguistics at Shanghai International Studies University. Andrea Mayr is an Associate Professor at Zayed University.
Download or read book Countering Global Terrorism and Insurgency written by N. Underhill and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-16 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores current debates around religious extremism as a means to understand and re-think the connections between terrorism, insurgency and state failure. Using case studies of Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iraq, she develops a better understanding of the underlying causes and conditions necessary for terrorism and insurgency to occur.
Download or read book Counternarcotics written by CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Counternarcotics : lessons from the U.S. experience in Afghanistan.
