Download or read book Advances in Imaging Fission Neutrons with a Neutron Scatter Camera written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neutron Imaging and Applications written by Ian S. Anderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron Imaging and Applications offers an introduction to the basics of neutron beam production in addition to the wide scope of techniques that enhance imaging application capabilities. An instructional overview of neutron sources, detectors, optics and spin-filters allows readers to delve more deeply into the discussions of radiography, tomography and prospective applications available in neutron holography techniques. A section devoted to current applications describes imaging single grains in polycrystalline materials, neutron imaging of geological materials and other materials science and engineering areas. Coverage of thermal neutron imaging of biological tissues, plant physiology, Homeland Security and contraband detection explore the future prospects of this cutting-edge research. Written by key experts in the field, researchers and engineers involved with imaging technologies will find Neutron Imaging and Applications a valuable reference.
Download or read book Neutron Imaging and Applications written by Ian S. Anderson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-09-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron Imaging and Applications offers an introduction to the basics of neutron beam production in addition to the wide scope of techniques that enhance imaging application capabilities. An instructional overview of neutron sources, detectors, optics and spin-filters allows readers to delve more deeply into the discussions of radiography, tomography and prospective applications available in neutron holography techniques. A section devoted to current applications describes imaging single grains in polycrystalline materials, neutron imaging of geological materials and other materials science and engineering areas. Coverage of thermal neutron imaging of biological tissues, plant physiology, Homeland Security and contraband detection explore the future prospects of this cutting-edge research. Written by key experts in the field, researchers and engineers involved with imaging technologies will find Neutron Imaging and Applications a valuable reference.
Download or read book Advances in Imaging with Thermal Neutrons written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments have been conducted using a modern high-resolution[sup 3]He two-dimensional position-sensitive detection chamber combined with coded apertures to produce images by means of thermal neutrons. These images are comparable to those produced by gamma ray imaging, but with some important differences. The detector is much less sensitive to the fast neutrons than to the thermalized component. Therefore, assuming that the neutron source has a fission spectrum, the brightest regions in an image represent moderating material in close proximity to the source, rather than the source itself. Earlier experiments have shown that useful contrast can be produced with thermal neutrons using thin masks made of metallic Cd sheet, but the resolution in those experiments was detector-limited at a few centimeters per pixel. The newer detector can resolve a line image with a fwhm resolution of about 1 mm. The technique could in principle be used in re-entry vehicle on-site inspections to count multiple nuclear warheads. Thermal neutrons carry no detailed spectral information, so their detection should not be as intrusive as gamma ray imaging. This technique can be used in nuclear materials management and arms control.
Download or read book Neutron Imaging written by Dinesh K. Aswal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively presents the concepts of neutron physics and imaging including neutron properties, neutron matter interaction, neutron imaging, comparison with X-ray and physics and design of neutron sources. It discusses how neutron imaging has gained importance as a powerful non-destructive technique to understand the internal structures of materials/engineered components in wide range of industries by increasing their applicability and efficiency. The book also covers the topics of neutron optics and detectors, basic principles of neutron radiography and tomography, related standards, safety, metrology and regulations in neutron imaging. The book presents applications of neutron imaging in the areas of aerospace industry, nuclear power and manufacturing industry, materials science and engineering, geomechanics, national security, biological, and medical domain. Given its scope, the book will be highly beneficial for postgraduate students, researchers and industry professionals working in the area of engineering and physics, especially non-destructive testing and non-destructive evaluation through neutron imaging.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Nuclear Science and Engineering written by J. Kenneth Shultis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-07 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the bestselling first edition, there have been numerous advances in the field of nuclear science. In medicine, accelerator based teletherapy and electron-beam therapy have become standard. New demands in national security have stimulated major advances in nuclear instrumentation.An ideal introduction to the fundamentals of nuclear science and engineering, this book presents the basic nuclear science needed to understand and quantify an extensive range of nuclear phenomena. New to the Second Edition— A chapter on radiation detection by Douglas McGregor Up-to-date coverage of radiation hazards, reactor designs, and medical applications Flexible organization of material that allows for quick reference This edition also takes an in-depth look at particle accelerators, nuclear fusion reactions and devices, and nuclear technology in medical diagnostics and treatment. In addition, the author discusses applications such as the direct conversion of nuclear energy into electricity. The breadth of coverage is unparalleled, ranging from the theory and design characteristics of nuclear reactors to the identification of biological risks associated with ionizing radiation. All topics are supplemented with extensive nuclear data compilations to perform a wealth of calculations. Providing extensive coverage of physics, nuclear science, and nuclear technology of all types, this up-to-date second edition of Fundamentals of Nuclear Science and Engineering is a key reference for any physicists or engineer.
Download or read book Radiation Sensing written by Kelum A. A. Gamage and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-06 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation detection is important in many fields, and it poses significant challenges for instrument designers. Radiation detection instruments, particularly for nuclear decommissioning and security applications, are required to operate in unknown environments and should detect and characterise radiation fields in real time. This book covers both theory and practice, and it solicits recent advances in radiation detection, with a particular focus on radiation detection instrument design, real-time data processing, radiation simulation and experimental work, robot design, control systems, task planning and radiation shielding.
Download or read book Neutron Radiography written by Garbe,U. and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2020-02-05 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron radiography represents a powerful non-destructive testing technique that is still very much in development. The book reveals the amazing diversity of scientific and industrial applications of this technique, the advancements of the state-of-art neutron facilities, the latest method developments, and the expected future of neutron imaging.
Download or read book Development of a Cost effective Portable Neutron Imager and Spectrometer Using Sinusoid based Multiplexing of Silicon Photomultipliers and Plastic Scintillators written by Marc Alan Wonders and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security require tools to detect, characterize, and locate special nuclear material (SNM). The measurement of neutrons emitted from SNM offers a non-destructive means of doing so, and neutron imaging is a particularly attractive application of neutron measurements to better understand a neutron source for various applications. A field-deployable neutron imager could, for example, be used to locate an improvised nuclear device for emergency response, verify the presence of a nuclear warhead in a disarmament scenario, confirm nuclear material declarations for nuclear safeguards, or find a nuclear weapon in certain envisioned warfighting situations. Unfortunately, the established methods of neutron imaging are difficult to translate from a laboratory setting to the field, primarily due to large sizes and limited maneuverability. The neutron imaging method with the greatest potential for compactness and portability is the neutron scatter camera (NSC) because it requires no modulation of the incoming signal, no moving parts, and does not use gases in the system. Beneficially, NSCs in principle also offer full four-pi angular sensitivity and inherently measure the energy of incident neutrons on an event-by-event basis. Advances in light sensor technology, for example in the development of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), have enabled the conception of truly compact NSCs: the single volume NSC and the quasi-single volume NSC. The close spacing of and position sensitivity within detector elements in these designs also enables much greater imaging efficiency. The quasi-single volume NSC is likely more feasible to construct in the near-term, and, within this design space, multiple imager configurations are possible with different performance in different characteristics such as detection efficiency, angular resolution, and cost. Performance in these characteristics typically varies inversely with that of the others, and different applications might prefer different qualities, discouraging a one-size-fits-all approach. This dissertation develops a compact, portable quasi-single volume NSC with an emphasis on inexpensively achieving a high detection efficiency. To accomplish this objective, SiPMs and plastic scintillators are chosen to comprise the imager, and a channel multiplexing method is used to increase the number of detector elements that can be used given digitization hardware restrictions. Extensive assessment of SiPM technology is carried out, and a novel sinusoid-based multiplexing method designed for SiPMs is created and shown to be effective and to maintain good detector performance. Geant4 simulations are used to design the multiplexed neutron imager (MiNI) and understand the effects of multiplexing, leading to the selection of a 32-scintillator 16-digitizer channel configuration. A number of calibrations are carried out to enable the imaging and spectroscopy capability of the MiNI, and where appropriate, these are also used as a large-scale test of the multiplexing method. The MiNI is tested with a 252Cf spontaneous fission source and its imaging capability is demonstrated with the source at multiple locations around the MiNI, as well as its spectroscopic capability. The MiNI developed in this dissertation is the first multiplexed NSC and the first reported quasi-single volume NSC composed of more than eight elements or plastic scintillators to fully demonstrate effective neutron imaging. Ultimately, the MiNI establishes the feasibility of multiplexing a compact NSC and demonstrates a route to achieve high imaging efficiency in a cost-effective manner.
Download or read book Elements of Slow Neutron Scattering written by J. M. Carpenter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the fundamental theory and applications of slow-neutron scattering.
Download or read book Phase of Neutron Scattering written by Enrico Fermi and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Scattering of Slow Neutrons by Paramagnetic Crystals written by Irving Warren Ruderman and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High energy Neutron Scattering by Nuclei written by Simon Pasternack and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Slowing Down Distribution from a Point Source of Fission Neutrons in Light Water written by J. E. Hill and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced Neutron Imaging for Nuclear Engineering Applications written by Adrian S. Losko and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing demand for electrical power presents one of the major challenges for the well-being of future generations. For the foreseeable future, it seems highly unlikely that the projected energy needs can be met by fossil and/or alternative energy sources alone; therefore, nuclear power will continue to play a significant role in power generation. Neutrons can be used to study a wide range of problems related to these efforts, providing a unique probe ranging from crystal chemistry of nuclear fuels to engineering diffraction of structural materials used in nuclear reactors. Traditionally, most experimental investigations with neutrons invoke diffraction techniques. However, recent advances in neutron detection resulted in new capabilities of material characterization using neutron imaging, which provides unparalleled opportunities particularly for nuclear materials, where heavy elements (e.g., uranium) need to be imaged together with light elements (e.g., hydrogen, oxygen). The inherent energy sorting of the neutrons at pulsed sources permits performing isotope-specific studies through selected settings of the contrast to a particular isotope (via neutron resonances). Moreover, the application of state-of-the-art tomographic reconstruction algorithms allows reconstructing, in 3D, the spatial distribution in cm-sized samples of quantities derived from these effects, in particular element or isotope distributions. None of this is currently possible with X-ray or reactor neutron radiography, and at present this technique is only possible at pulsed neutron sources at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), Spallation Neutron Source at Oak-Ridge National Laboratory, ISIS in the United Kingdom, and at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) in Japan, of which only the J-PARC facility has a dedicated beam line for this technique. In this dissertation, I present the results of spatially-resolved neutron imaging and diffraction experiments (including texture measurements) on non-irradiated nuclear fuels. Furthermore, I present absolute isotopic areal density measurements with a two-dimensional detector and a pixel size of 55[mu]m using the time-structured LANSCE neutron beam applied to some nuclear-engineering application for the first time. More specifically, I introduce a novel, energy-resolved neutron imaging technique that utilizes the physical properties of neutron cross sections by analyzing nuclear resonances with the SAMMY code, which was developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory for the analysis of cross section data in the resolved and unresolved resonance regions. To the best of my knowledge, this work presents the first applications beyond demonstration experiments of absorption based energy-resolved neutron imaging by applying this technique to characterize the isotope distributions in nuclear fuel and study the diffusion of ions dissolved in aquaeous solution into cement. My dissertation emphasizes the benefits of neutron radiography as a non-destructive characterization method to guide future experiments on post-irradiated nuclear fuels, enabling the quantification of isotope concentrations for a variety of imaging problems.
Download or read book Photo neutron Sources and the Energy of the Photo neutrons written by Albert Wattenberg and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Study of Fission Neutron Spectra with High energy Activation Detectors written by J. A. Grundl and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
