Download or read book Advances in Farm Animal Genomic Resources written by Stéphane Joost and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-01-28 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of livestock started with the domestication of their wild ancestors: a restricted number of species allowed to be tamed and entered a symbiotic relationship with humans. In exchange for food, shelter and protection, they provided us with meat, eggs, hides, wool and draught power, thus contributing considerably to our economic and cultural development. Depending on the species, domestication took place in different areas and periods. After domestication, livestock spread over all inhabited regions of the earth, accompanying human migrations and becoming also trade objects. This required an adaptation to different climates and varying styles of husbandry and resulted in an enormous phenotypic diversity. Approximately 200 years ago, the situation started to change with the rise of the concept of breed. Animals were selected for the same visible characteristics, and crossing with different phenotypes was reduced. This resulted in the formation of different breeds, mostly genetically isolated from other populations. A few decades ago, selection pressure was increased again with intensive production focusing on a limited range of types and a subsequent loss of genetic diversity. For short-term economic reasons, farmers have abandoned traditional breeds. As a consequence, during the 20th century, at least 28% of farm animal breeds became extinct, rare or endangered. The situation is alarming in developing countries, where native breeds adapted to local environments and diseases are being replaced by industrial breeds. In the most marginal areas, farm animals are considered to be essential for viable land use and, in the developing world, a major pathway out of poverty. Historic documentation from the period before the breed formation is scarce. Thus, reconstruction of the history of livestock populations depends on archaeological, archeo-zoological and DNA analysis of extant populations. Scientific research into genetic diversity takes advantage of the rapid advances in molecular genetics. Studies of mitochondrial DNA, microsatellite DNA profiling and Y-chromosomes have revealed details on the process of domestication, on the diversity retained by breeds and on relationships between breeds. However, we only see a small part of the genetic information and the advent of new technologies is most timely in order to answer many essential questions. High-throughput single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping is about to be available for all major farm animal species. The recent development of sequencing techniques calls for new methods of data management and analysis and for new ideas for the extraction of information. To make sense of this information in practical conditions, integration of geo-environmental and socio-economic data are key elements. The study and management of farm animal genomic resources (FAnGR) is indeed a major multidisciplinary issue. The goal of the present Research Topic was to collect contributions of high scientific quality relevant to biodiversity management, and applying new methods to either new genomic and bioinformatics approaches for characterization of FAnGR, to the development of FAnGR conservation methods applied ex-situ and in-situ, to socio-economic aspects of FAnGR conservation, to transfer of lessons between wildlife and livestock biodiversity conservation, and to the contribution of FAnGR to a transition in agriculture (FAnGR and agro-ecology).

Download or read book Advances in Animal Genomics written by Sukanta Mondal and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Animal Genomics provides an outstanding collection of integrated strategies involving traditional and modern - omics (structural, functional, comparative and epigenomics) approaches and genomics-assisted breeding methods which animal biotechnologists can utilize to dissect and decode the molecular and gene regulatory networks involved in the complex quantitative yield and stress tolerance traits in livestock. Written by international experts on animal genomics, this book explores the recent advances in high-throughput, next-generation whole genome and transcriptome sequencing, array-based genotyping, and modern bioinformatics approaches which have enabled to produce huge genomic and transcriptomic resources globally on a genome-wide scale. This book is an important resource for researchers, students, educators and professionals in agriculture, veterinary and biotechnology sciences that enables them to solve problems regarding sustainable development with the help of current innovative biotechnologies. Integrates basic and advanced concepts of animal biotechnology and presents future developments Describes current high-throughput next-generation whole genome and transcriptome sequencing, array-based genotyping, and modern bioinformatics approaches for sustainable livestock production Illustrates integrated strategies to dissect and decode the molecular and gene regulatory networks involved in complex quantitative yield and stress tolerance traits in livestock Ensures readers will gain a strong grasp of biotechnology for sustainable livestock production with its well-illustrated discussion

Download or read book Farm Animal Genetic Resources written by Geoff Simm and published by . This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of developments in the conservation and sustainable utilisation of Farm Animal Genetic Resources. It is based on presentations given at a conference on this subject co-organised by the British Society of Animal Science, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the Rare Breeds Survival Trust and the Sheep Trust.

Download or read book Animal Genetics and Diseases Advances in Farming and Livestock Systems written by Mark S. Fife and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new Animal Genetics and Disease 2017 conference committee organized a Research Topic for the proceedings of this inaugural conference. The meeting brought together specialists working on the interface between genomics, genetic engineering, and infectious disease, with the aims of improving animal and human health and welfare. This conference was funded by Advanced Courses and Scientific Conference at the Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK. The conference will highlight breakthroughs in genomic technologies that are rapidly increasing our understanding of the fundamental role that host and pathogen genetics play in infections and epidemics. This Research Topic focuses on how infections spread and how they further affect the productivity of livestock systems and food supply chains. Thanks to technological advances, we now have the tools for real-time surveillance of zoonoses affecting wildlife, farm animals and animal-to-human disease transmission.

Download or read book Farm Animals Advances in Genomics written by Johann Casini and published by States Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of genomes of organisms which incorporates the principles of genetics is referred to as genomics. DNA sequencing, bioinformatics and recombinant DNA are some of the techniques studied under this discipline. Humans depend on farm animals for various products such as meat, milk, fur, leather, egg, etc. The study of farm animals' genome aims to make use of the understanding of genomics and proteomics for the purpose of increasing livestock productivity, sustainable breeding and xenotransplantation. Increased disease resistance and inheritance of desired characteristics are some of the prominent applications of animal genetics and genome study. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included in this book. It is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the field of farm animal genomics. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject.

Download or read book Advances in Genomics of Crossbred Farm Animals written by Xiao-Lin Wu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Genomics and Biotechnological Advances in Veterinary Poultry and Fisheries written by Yashpal Singh Malik and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-09-14 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomics and Biotechnological Advances in Veterinary, Poultry, and Fisheries is a comprehensive reference for animal biotechnologists, veterinary clinicians, fishery scientists, and anyone who needs to understand the latest advances in the field of next generation sequencing and genomic editing in animals and fish. This essential reference provides information on genomics and the advanced technologies used to enhance the production and management of farm and pet animals, commercial and non-commercial birds, and aquatic animals used for food and research purposes. This resource will help the animal biotechnology research community understand the latest knowledge and trends in this field. Presents biological applications of cattle, poultry, marine and animal pathogen genomics Discusses the relevance of biomarkers to improve farm animals and fishery Includes recent approaches in cloning and transgenic cattle, poultry and fish production

Download or read book Utilisation and conservation of farm animal genetic resources written by Kor Oldenbroek and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The genetic diversity comprised in farm animal species and breeds is an important resource in livestock systems. For several reasons, within the different species used for food production, only a few breeds are developed towards high-output breeds fitting in high-input systems. In this process many breeds are set aside from the food producing livestock systems. These breeds will be faced with extinction unless new functions for these breeds are found. This is a real threat for the genetic diversity within species. This book is intended to give insight into the issues of the utilisation and conservation of farm animal genetic resources towards a broad group of readers interested in these subjects. The insight is presented as applications of population, molecular and quantitative genetics that can be used to take appropriate decisions in utilisation and conservation programmes. A previous edition of this book is a key resource in courses worldwide and cited in many scientific publications. The first two chapters discuss the decisions to be made in utilisation and conservation. Chapter 3 surveys the different ways in which the diversity we observe within a species can be characterised. Chapter 4 illustrates recent results using this theory for utilisation and conservation purposes. Chapters 5, 6 and 7 give theoretical backgrounds necessary to make decisions and chapters 8 and 9 present the operation and practical implications of selection and conservation schemes."

Download or read book Animal Breeding and Genetics written by Matthew L. Spangler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newly updated and revised volume of the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology (ESST) details the role of Animal Breeding and Genetics in the sustainability of animal agriculture. The volume covers scientific principles and applications includes the current science used to advance cattle, poultry, swine,sheep, and equine populations, as well as the future role of techniques such as gene editing. International leaders in the field explain foundational concepts such as heritability, the covariance between relatives, statistical approaches to predicting the genetic merit of individuals, and the development and advancement of molecular techniques to elucidate changes in the DNA sequence that underly phenotypic variation. The use of genetic-based tools to improve animal agriculture and meet consumer demands across species is treated in detail. Readers will gain an understanding of how global livestock producers have implemented advanced genetic selection tools and used them to improve reproduction, production, efficiency, health, and sustainability. The interactions of genetics and production environments, and the genetic components of the complex interactions among animals are also discussed. The future of Animal Breeding and Genetics, including the challenges and opportunities that exist in feeding a growing world population, are addressed.

Download or read book Trends and Advances in Veterinary Genetics written by Muhammad Abubakar and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-03-22 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is very important to understand the recent advances and basic concepts of veterinary genetics to explore the possibilities for control of diseases in animals. They are also significant for enhancing animal production and reproduction. Our book Trends and Advances in Veterinary Genetics provides a concise introduction and details to the aspects of genetics relevant to animal science and production. This is the first edition of the book so it covers the introductory level of topics which are ideal for veterinary students, classroom use, and practitioners who require more guidance with genetics. The book coverage includes the following main sections: Biotechnology and Reproductive Genetics, Advances in Embryonic Genetics, Conservation and Basic Genetics, and Veterinary Genetics and Future. Each book section comprises two chapters from renowned experts from the area and gives readers a unique opportunity to explore the topic.

Download or read book The State of the World s Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture written by Barbara Rischkowsky and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable management of the world's livestock genetic diversity is of vital importance to agriculture, food production, rural development and the environment. "The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture" is the first global assessment of these resources. Drawing on 169 Country Reports, contributions from a number of international organizations and 12 specially commissioned thematic studies, it presents an analysis of the state of agricultural biodiversity in the livestock sector - origins and development, uses and values, distribution and exchange, risk status and threats - and of capacity to manage these resources - institutions, policies and legal frameworks, structured breeding activities and conservation programmes. Needs and challenges are assessed in the context of the forces driving change in livestock production systems. Tools and methods to enhance the use and development of animal genetic resources are explored in sections on the state of the art in characterization, genetic improvement, economic evaluation and conservation. The main findings of the report are summarized in "The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture - in brief," of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish versions can be found on the attached CD-ROM and are also available separately in printed form. As well providing a technical reference document, the country-based preparation of "The State of the World" has led to a process of policy development and a "Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources," which once adopted, will provide an agenda for action by the international community. Published also in French.

Download or read book Advances in Breeding of Dairy Cattle written by Julius Van der Werf and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The State of the World s Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture in Brief written by Barbara Rischkowsky and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This "in brief" version, intended for use by decision-makers and the wider public, presents a summary of the key findings of the main report (see above). Part 1 outlines the state of agricultural biodiversity in the livestock sector. Part 2 considers the livestock production systems of which animal genetic resources form a part. Part 3 - largely based on the 148 Country reports - is an assessment of institutional and human capacity in the field of animal genetic resources management. Part 4 presents the state of the art in terms of the methods available for the management of animal genetic resources. As well as providing a technical reference document, the country-based preparation of The State of the World" has led to a process of policy development and a Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources, which once adopted, will provide an agenda for action by the international community.

Download or read book Exploring Horizons for Domestic Animal Genomics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-08-27 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognizing the important contributions that genomic analysis can make to agriculture, production and companion animal science, evolutionary biology, and human health with respect to the creation of models for genetic disorders, the National Academies convened a group of individuals to plan a public workshop that would: (1) assess these contributions; (2) identify potential research directions for existing genomics programs; and (3) highlight the opportunities of a coordinated, multi-species genomics effort for the science and policymaking communities. Their efforts culminated in a workshop sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Department of Energy, National Science Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health. The workshop was convened on February 19, 2002. The goal of the workshop was to focus on domestic animal genomics and its integration with other genomics and functional genomics projects.

Download or read book The Global Strategy for the Management of Farm Animal Genetic Resources written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 1999 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Management and Exchange of Animal Genetic Resources written by and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Developing the Institutional Framework for the Management of Animal Genetic Resources written by and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2011 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The guidelines on the Development of Institutional Frameworks for the Management of Animal genetic resources have been endorsed by the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. They are part of a series of guidelines prepared to support countries in the implementation of the Global Plan of Action. They complement, in particular, the guidelines on the Preparation of national strategies and action plans for animal genetic resources. A sound institutional framework provides a basis for effective management of animal genetic resources both nationally and internationally. The guidelines present an overview of the components of the global network for the management of animal genetic resources and advice on how they can be strengthened at national and regional levels. Detailed guidance is provided on the role of National Coordinators for the Management of Animal Genetic Resources and the development and operation of National Focal Points for the Management of Animal Genetic Resources supported by National Advisory Committees, working groups and country stakeholder networks. Progress towards the establishment of a network of Regional Focal Points for Animal Genetic Resources is reviewed and advice is offered in the form of a series of steps that can be followed by stakeholders wishing to establish and sustain focal points in their regions. The guidelines draw on lessons learned from many years of experience in the implementation of programmes and focal points for the management of animal genetic resources in many parts of the world, and include personal contributions from individuals who have been actively involved in this work."--Publisher description.