Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-05 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific advances over the past several decades have accelerated the ability to engineer existing organisms and to potentially create novel ones not found in nature. Synthetic biology, which collectively refers to concepts, approaches, and tools that enable the modification or creation of biological organisms, is being pursued overwhelmingly for beneficial purposes ranging from reducing the burden of disease to improving agricultural yields to remediating pollution. Although the contributions synthetic biology can make in these and other areas hold great promise, it is also possible to imagine malicious uses that could threaten U.S. citizens and military personnel. Making informed decisions about how to address such concerns requires a realistic assessment of the capabilities that could be misused. Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology explores and envisions potential misuses of synthetic biology. This report develops a framework to guide an assessment of the security concerns related to advances in synthetic biology, assesses the levels of concern warranted for such advances, and identifies options that could help mitigate those concerns.
Download or read book Advances in Bacterial Pathogen Biology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-11-20 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an up-to-date overview of the physiology of selected pathogenic bacteria. Each chapter is written by experts in the field of that organism.The focus is on biochemistry and physiology but topics of clinical relevance are included. - Contributions from leading authorities - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field
Download or read book Advancements and Technologies in Pig and Poultry Bacterial Disease Control written by Neil Foster and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-08-21 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancements and Technologies in Pig and Poultry Bacterial Disease Control provides the most up-to-date knowledge on the tools and technologies used in the economics, prevention, monitoring and control of the most important bacterial diseases in these two important livestock species. Written by international experts in veterinary medicine, veterinary science, agricultural economics and environmental monitoring, this book provides state-of-the-art information regarding the application of technology to the prevention and control of bacterial disease in pigs and poultry. It presents the most up-to-date information on the major bacterial pathogens, why they are important, their epidemiology, pathogenesis and molecular basis of their virulence. Additional sections examine how genomic sequencing addresses the development of disease biomarkers for faster and highly specific diagnosis and how next generation sequencing can identify good and bad microflora. This book will be a valuable resource for veterinarians, epidemiologists, animal scientists, technologists, and researchers studying precision livestock farming. Students in veterinary, animal science and bio-science courses will also find it useful for its coverage of diseases and monitoring tools. - Highlights crossover technologies from human to veterinary medicine, including the use of bioinformatics and genomics for disease prevention - Uses results from the EU FP7-funded ProHealth project, the largest of its type ever awarded by the EU - Examines how genomic analysis via next generation sequencing and microarray platforms can be exploited to develop novel biomarkers of bacterial disease in animals - Reports on novel environmental monitoring tools and their use in determining disease threshold levels within herds and flocks
Download or read book Advances in Biological Science Research written by Surya Nandan Meena and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-05-17 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Biological Science Research: A Practical Approach provides discussions on diverse research topics and methods in the biological sciences in a single platform. This book provides the latest technologies, advanced methods, and untapped research areas involved in diverse fields of biological science research such as bioinformatics, proteomics, microbiology, medicinal chemistry, and marine science. Each chapter is written by renowned researchers in their respective fields of biosciences and includes future advancements in life science research. - Discusses various research topics and methods in the biological sciences in a single platform - Comprises the latest updates in advanced research techniques, protocols, and methods in biological sciences - Incorporates the fundamentals, advanced instruments, and applications of life science experiments - Offers troubleshooting for many common problems faced while performing research experiments
Download or read book Bugs as Drugs written by Robert A. Britton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-01 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the enormous potential of microbiome manipulation to improve health Associations between the composition of the intestinal microbiome and many human diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, and cancer, have been elegantly described in the past decade. Now, whole-genome sequencing, bioinformatics, and precision gene-editing techniques are being combined with centuries-old therapies, such as fecal microbiota transplantation, to translate current research into new diagnostics and therapeutics to treat complex diseases. Bugs as Drugs provides a much-needed overview of microbes in therapies and will serve as an excellent resource for scientists and clinicians as they carry out research and clinical studies on investigating the roles the microbiota plays in health and disease. In Bugs as Drugs, editors Robert A. Britton and Patrice D. Cani have assembled a fascinating collection of reviews that chart the history, current efforts, and future prospects of using microorganisms to fight disease and improve health. Sections cover traditional uses of probiotics, next-generation microbial therapeutics, controlling infectious diseases, and indirect strategies for manipulating the host microbiome. Topics presented include: How well-established probiotics support and improve host health by improving the composition of the intestinal microbiota of the host and by modulating the host immune response. The use of gene editing and recombinant DNA techniques to create tailored probiotics and to characterize next-generation beneficial microbes. For example, engineering that improves the anti-inflammatory profile of probiotics can reduce the number of colonic polyps formed, and lactobacilli can be transformed into targeted delivery systems carrying therapeutic proteins or bioengineered bacteriophage. The association of specific microbiota composition with colorectal cancer, liver diseases, osteoporosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. The gut microbiota has been proposed to serve as an organ involved in regulation of inflammation, immune function, and energy homeostasis. Fecal microbiota transplantation as a promising treatment for numerous diseases beyond C. difficile infection. Practical considerations for using fecal microbiota transplantation are provided, while it is acknowledged that more high-quality evidence is needed to ascertain the importance of strain specificity in positive treatment outcomes. Because systems biology approaches and synthetic engineering of microbes are now high-throughput and cost-effective, a much wider range of therapeutic possibilities can be explored and vetted. If you are looking for online access to the latest clinical microbiology content, please visit www.wiley.com/learn/clinmicronow.
Download or read book Bacterial Pathogenesis written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1998-07-01 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Established almost 30 years ago, Methods in Microbiology is the most prestigious series devoted to techniques and methodology in the field. Now totally revamped, revitalized, with a new format and expanded scope, Methods in Microbiology will continue to provide you with tried and tested, cutting-edge protocols to directly benefit your research. - Focuses on the methods most useful for the microbiologist interested in the way in which bacteria cause disease - Includes section devoted to 'Approaches to characterising pathogenic mechanisms' by Stanley Falkow - Covers safety aspects, detection, identification and speciation - Includes techniques for the study of host interactions and reactions in animals and plants - Describes biochemical and molecular genetic approaches - Essential methods for gene expression and analysis - Covers strategies and problems for disease control
Download or read book Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-19 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent and forecasted advances in microbiology, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry have made it timely to reassess the current paradigm of relying predominantly or exclusively on traditional bacterial indicators for all types of waterborne pathogens. Nonetheless, indicator approaches will still be required for the foreseeable future because it is not practical or feasible to monitor for the complete spectrum of microorganisms that may occur in water, and many known pathogens are difficult to detect directly and reliably in water samples. This comprehensive report recommends the development and use of a "tool box" approach by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency and others for assessing microbial water quality in which available indicator organisms (and/or pathogens in some cases) and detection method(s) are matched to the requirements of a particular application. The report further recommends the use of a phased, three-level monitoring framework to support the selection of indicators and indicator approaches.Â
Download or read book The Molecular Biology of Photorhabdus Bacteria written by Richard H. ffrench-Constant and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-26 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an essential update on the startling array of novel insecticidal toxins and drugs produced by the fascinating bacterium Photorhabdus. The respective chapters describe everything from the detailed molecular biology of the ‘Toxin complexes’ or Tc’s to the complexity of insect immune response in relation to both the bacterium and its nematode vector. The volume covers both primary (toxin production and regulation) and secondary (natural product synthesis and regulation) metabolism and emphasises the potential use of toxins and drugs in both agriculture and medicine. It also discusses in detail two totally novel quorum sensing mechanisms and the likely role of LuxR solos in sensing the presence of different bacterial hosts. Lastly, the book explores the unique case of P. asymbiotica, which seems to have evolved the ability to infect both insects and humans. This synthesis proves that Photorhabdus truly does offer a ‘gold mine’ for the discovery of novel insecticidal proteins and novel natural products with potential uses in agriculture and medicine alike.
Download or read book Recent Advancements in Microbial Diversity written by Surajit de Mandal and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-06-02 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microorganisms are a major part of the Earth's biological diversity. Although a lot of research has been done on microbial diversity, most of it is fragmented. This book creates the need for a unified text to be published, full of information about microbial diversity from highly reputed and impactful sources. Recent Advancements in Microbial Diversity brings a comprehensive understanding of the recent advances in microbial diversity research focused on different bodily systems, such as the gut. Recent Advancements in Microbial Diversity also discusses how the application of advanced sequencing technologies is used to reveal previously unseen microbial diversity and show off its function. - Gives insight into microbial diversity in different bodily systems - Explains novel approaches to studying microbial diversity - Highlights the use of omics to analyze the microbial community and its functional attributes - Discusses the techniques used to examine microbial diversity, including their applications and respective strengths and weaknesses
Download or read book Plant Pathogenic Bacteria written by Robert W. Jackson and published by Caister Academic Press Limited. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third chapter delves into the crucially understudied area of pathogen adaptation to the plant apoplast environment.
Download or read book Quorum Sensing vs Quorum Quenching A Battle with No End in Sight written by Vipin Chandra Kalia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial relationships with all life forms can be as free living, symbiotic or pathogenic. Human beings harbor 10 times more microbial cells than their own. Bacteria are found on the skin surface, in the gut and other body parts. Bacteria causing diseases are the most worrisome. Most of the infectious diseases are caused by bacterial pathogens with an ability to form biofilm. Bacteria within the biofilm are up to 1000 times more resistant to antibiotics. This has taken a more serious turn with the evolution of multiple drug resistant bacteria. Health Departments are making efforts to reduce high mortality and morbidity in man caused by them. Bacterial Quorum sensing (QS), a cell density dependent phenomenon is responsible for a wide range of expressions such as pathogenesis, biofilm formation, competence, sporulation, nitrogen fixation, etc. Majority of these organisms that are important for medical, agriculture, aquaculture, water treatment and remediation, archaeological departments are: Aeromonas, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Clostridia, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Vibrio and Yersinia spp. Biosensors and models have been developed to detect QS systems. Strategies for inhibiting QS system through natural and synthetic compounds have been presented here. The biotechnological applications of QS inhibitors (QSIs) in diverse areas have also been dealt with. Although QSIs do not affect growth and are less likely to impose selective pressure on bacteria, however, a few reports have raised doubts on the fate of QSIs. This book addresses a few questions. Will bacteria develop mechanisms to evade QSIs? Are we watching yet another defeat at the hands of bacteria? Or will we be acting intelligently and survive the onslaughts of this Never Ending battle?
Download or read book Bacterial Disease Resistance in Plants written by P. Vidhyasekaran and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-11-15 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1. Molecular Recognition Processes Between Plant and Bacterial Pathogens Physical Contact of Plant Cells is Necessary for Bacterial Recognition Molecules Responsible for Physical Contact Many Bacterial Pathogens Induce Necrosis on Hosts and Nonhosts Bacterial Pathogens Grow in Both Host and Nonhost Plants Bacterial Pathogens Induce Leakage of Nutrients in Both Host and Nonhost Plants Bacterial Genes Involved in Recognition of Hosts and Nonhosts Coregulation of hrp, avr and Other Pathogenicity Genes Transcription of Bacterial Pathogenicity Genes in Planta Plant-Derived Molecules May Be Involved in Induction of Bacterial Genes Some Plant Signals May Direct Synthesis of Elicitors Secretion of Elicitors From Bacterial Cells in Plants The Role of hrp and avr Genes in Early Recognition Process in Plant-Bacterial Pathogen Interactions Other Signal Molecules of Bacterial Pathogens The Signal Transduction System Systemic Signal Induction Is Cell Death Involved in Signal Transduction Pathway? How Pathogens Avoid or Overcome Host Defense Mechanisms Induced by the Signal Transduction System? Possible Role of Signal Transduction System in Evasion of Host Recognition by Phytopathogenic Bacteria During Pathogenesis Chapter 2. Host Defense Mechanisms: Cell Wall-the First Barrier and a Source of Defense Signal Molecules The First Barrier to Bacterial Infection in Plants Structure of the Plant Cell Wall Pectic Polysaccharides Cellulose Hemicellulos Cell Wall Proteins Bacterial Genes Encoding Extracellular Enzymes Bacterial Genes Regulating Production of Extracellular Enzymes Bacterial Genes Regulating Secretion of Extracellular Enzymes Secretion of Proteases The Signaling System in Induction of Bacterial Extracellular Enzymes Plant Cell Wall Components Involved in Defense Mechanisms Against Bacterial Pathogens Bacterial Extracellular Enzymes Induce Host Defense Mechanisms Pectic Fragments Induce Virulence Genes in Bacterial and Defense Genes in Plants Pectic Enzymes Vary in Inducing Resistance or Susceptibility Polygalacturonase-Inhibiting Proteins Cell Wall Modifications and Bacterial Disease Resistance Chapter 3. Active Oxygen Species Mechanism of Production of Active Oxygen Species Signals for Induction of Active Oxygen Species in Bacteria-Infected Plants Bacterial Infection Leads to Production of Active Oxygen Species in Plants Active Oxygen Species May Induce Lipid Peroxidation Increases in Active Oxygen Species Lead to Activation of Lipoxygenase Active Oxygen Species Production Leads to Cell Membrane Damage Active Oxygen Species May Directly Kill Bacterial Pathogens Bacterial Pathogens May Tolerate Toxicity of Active Oxygen Species Antioxidants of the Host May Protect Bacterial Pathogens Against Active Oxygen Species The Possible Role of Active Oxygen Species in Disease Resistance Chapter 4. Inducible Plant Proteins Nomenclature of Pathogen-Inducible Plant Proteins Occurrence of PR Proteins in Various Plants Classification of PR Proteins Bacterial Pathogens Induce PR Proteins Molecular Mechanisms of Induction of PR Proteins Compartmentalization of PR Proteins in Plant Tissues The Role of PR Proteins in Bacterial Disease Resistance The Second Group of Pathogen-Inducible Proteins: Constitutive, but Increasingly Induced Hydroxyproline-Rich Glycoproteins Lectins Not All Inducible Proteins Need Be Involved in Inducing Bacterial Disease Resistance Chapter 5. Inducible Secondary Metabolites What Are Inducible Secondary Metabolites? Bacterial Pathogens Induce Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites in Infected Tissues Phytoalexins Accumulate in Plants After Irreversible Cell Membrane Damage Phytoalexins Accumulate Only Locally and Not Systemically Mode of Syntheses of Phytoalexins Evidences That Induced Secondary Metabolites Are Involved in Bacterial Disease Resistance Phytoalexins May Be Suppressed, Degraded, or Inactivated in Susceptible Interactions Some Phytoalexins May Not Have Any Role in Disease Resistance Constitutive, but Induced Secondary Metabolites During Pathogenesis Chapter 6. Biotechnological Applications: Molecular Manipulation of Bacterial Disease Resistance Manipulation of Signal Transduction System for Induction of Disease Resistance Manipulation of Resistance Genes Involved in Signal Transduction System Manipulation of Signal Transduction System by Elicitors Manipulation of Signal Transduction System by Using Chemicals Manipulation of Signal Transduction System by Using Rhizobacterial Strains Manipulation of Signal Transduction System by Enhanced Biosynthesis of Salicylic Acid Manipulation of Signal Transduction System by Inducing Accelerated Cell Death Manipulation of Signal Transduction System by Enhanced Biosynthesis of Cytokinins Manipulation of Inducible Proteins for Induction of Bacterial Disease Resistance Suppression of Virulence Factors of Bacterial Pathogens to Manage Bacterial Diseases Exploitation of Insect Genes Encoding Antibacterial Proteins for Bacterial Disease Management Exploitation of Bacteriophage Genes for Bacterial Disease Management Exploitation of Genes from Human Beings, Hens, and Crabs for Management of Plant Bacterial Diseases References Index.
Download or read book Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology written by Nuzhat Ahmed and published by Horizon Press. This book was released on 2014-04-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contamination of the environment by herbicides, pesticides, solvents, various industrial byproducts (including toxic metals, radionucleotides and metalloids) is of enormous economic and environmental significance. Biotechnology can be used to develop "green" or environmentally friendly solutions to these problems by harnessing the ability of bacteria to adapt metabolic pathways, or recruit new genes to metabolise harmful compounds into harmless byproducts. In addition to its role in cleaning-up the environment, biotechnology can be used for the production of novel compounds with both agricultural and industrial applications. Internationally acclaimed authors from diverse fields present comprehensive reviews of all aspects of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology. Chapters concerned with environmental biotechnology cover two major categories of pollutants: organic compounds and metals. Organic pollutants include cyclic aromatic compounds, with/without nitrogenous or chloride substitutions while metal pollutants include copper, chromate, silver, arsenic and mercury. The genetic basis of bioremediation and the microbial processes involved are examined, and the current and/or potential applications of bioremediation are discussed. The use of biotechnology for industrial and agricultural applications includes a chapter on the use of enzymes as biocatalysts to synthesize novel opiate derivatives of medical value. The conversion of low-value molasses to higher value products by biotechnological methods and the use tissue culture methods to improve sugar cane and potatoes crop production is discussed.
Download or read book Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens written by Indira T. Kudva and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-01 with total page 1378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ground-breaking overview of an enduring topic Despite the use of antibiotics, bacterial diseases continue to be a critical issue in public health, and bacterial pathogenesis remains a tantalizing problem for research microbiologists. This new edition of Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens broadly covers the knowledge base surrounding this topic and presents recently unraveled bacterial virulence strategies and cutting-edge therapies. A team of editors, led by USDA scientist Indira Kudva, compiled perspectives from experts to explain the wide variety of mechanisms through which bacterial pathogens cause disease: the host interface, host cell enslavement, and bacterial communication, secretion, defenses, and persistence. A collection of reviews on targeted therapies rounds out the seven sections of this unique book. The new edition provides insights into some of the most recent advances in the area of bacterial pathogenesis, including how metabolism shapes the host-pathogen interface interactions across species and genera mechanisms of the secretion systems evasion, survival, and persistence mechanisms new therapies targeting various adaptive and virulence mechanisms of bacterial pathogens Written to promote discussion, extrapolation, exploration, and multidimensional thinking, Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens serves as a textbook for graduate courses on bacterial pathogenesis and a resource for specialists in bacterial pathogenicity, such as molecular biologists, physician scientists, infectious disease clinicians, dental scientists, veterinarians, molecular biologists, industry researchers, and technicians.
Download or read book Pathogenic Escherichia Coli written by Stefano Morabito and published by Caister Academic Press Limited. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, a great deal of knowledge has accumulated on the features associated with the virulence of pathogenic E. coli. A large number of virulence genes have been identified and their products characterized. Great strides have been made in the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms and the bacterium-host interaction. However, much remains elusive in the understanding of pathogenicity at a cellular and sub-cellular level. This is largely due to E. coli genome's plasticity: it generates great variability and facilitates the rapid emergence of new pathogenic variants. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying the evolution of these pathogens and their interactions with the host are key stages for disease prevention. This book reviews the most important recent findings of the studies on pathogenic E. coli, providing a timely overview of the field. The topics covered include: epidemiology of the disease in humans and animals and the biological mechanisms that shaped the pathogenic types of E. coli * shiga toxins * subtilase cytotoxin * cell cycle modulating toxins * the heat stable and heat labile enterotoxins * haemolysins * structural, molecular, and functional characteristics of A/E lesions * colonization factor antigens of ETEC * enteroaggregative adhesion * host cell invasion * the development of vaccinal strategies to confront the burden of disease. The chapters are written from a molecular and cellular biology standpoint, but also include discussions of the findings with a wider perspective, including considerations of public health and the impact on animal productions. The book will be essential reading for everyone working on these and related pathogens.
Download or read book Bacteriophages written by Clark Denton and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteriophages are obligate parasites that require bacterial hosts to replicate. Phages initiate infections by first attaching to the surface of bacteria and injecting their genomes into host cells. Virulent phages then hijack the host's cellular machinery to direct the production of phage virons that burst from the cell leading to bacterial lysis. In this book, the authors discuss the biology, applications and role in health and disease of bacteriophages. Topics include the varied potential roles of bacteriophages in the production of food from animal sources; phage therapy, biocontrol and commercial microbiology; abortive infection as a killer bacteriophage resistance strategy; bacteriophages as biocontrol tools of pathogens in meat and dairy products; bacteriophages as probiotics and decontaminating agents for food products; use of bacteriophages as surrogate indicators of viruses in water; promoter sequences for bacteriophage RNA polymerases; the use of bacteriophages in bacterial food pathogen regulation; and the interaction between bacteriophage and its bacterial host receptor, LamB.
