Download or read book Adsorption Kinetics of Aqueous Binary Mixtures Containing Phenol RED31 And Or Black5 on Activated Carbon Prepared from Waste Tires written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated carbon produced from waste tires (AC-Tires) and commercial activated carbon (AC-COM) which are highly mesoporous and microporous; respectively, were used to investigate their adsorption equilibrium and kinetics towards phenol and Red31 (Black 5). Experimental competitive adsorption kinetics for phenol/Red31 (Black 5) systems consisted of single-solute and binary mixtures, namely, simultaneous adsorption kinetics, phenol adsorption kinetics followed by Red31 and Red31 adsorption kinetics followed by phenol. Adsorption equilibriums of phenol and Red31 (Black 5) adsorbed onto AC-Tires and AC-COM were found to be described well by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms, respectively. The actual transport mechanism inside the activated carbon particles is shown to be Knudsen diffusion and the adsorption rate controlling step is described well by the intraparticle diffusion model. The porous structure and pore size distribution of the activated carbons has significant effect on the adsorption capacity and kinetics towards phenol and Red31 (Black 5).
Download or read book The Adsorption of Phenols Onto Granular Activated Carbon from Aqueous Solution written by John S. Zogorski and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions of Phenol and Maleic Acid on Activated Carbon Granules written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhanced Adsorption of Base Metal Phenol and Aldehyde from Aqueous Solutions on Low cost Activated Carbon written by Lloyd Mukosha and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aims of this research project was to add value to largely wasted South African sawdust by development of low-cost AC of high efficiency for removal of toxic Cr (VI), phenol and glutaraldehyde from dilute aqueous media. The main objectives of the research project were: a) To develop low-cost AC based on South African P. patula sawdust using economical physical superheated steam activation.Characterization of carbon samples for selection of optimum preparation conditions for development of low-cost AC of effective microporosity mesoporosity and surface functionality for enhanced adsorption capacity of Cr (VI) and/or phenol and/or glutaraldehyde from dilute aqueous solution. Acid-amine surface groups modification of optimally developed AC for further enhancement of adsorption capacity for mixed polarized glutaraldehyde molecules from aqueous solution. b) To evaluate the aqueous phase batch adsorption properties of developed AC for Cr (VI) and phenol and, of acid-amine modified developed AC for glutaraldehyde. Determination of optimum pH for adsorption; accurate adsorption isotherm modelling for determination of maximum adsorption capacity, comparison of maximum adsorption capacities for Cr (VI) and phenol of developed AC with commercial AC and literature ACs, and attempt to establish average micropore size for enhanced capacity for Cr (VI) and phenol from dilute aqueous solution.Kinetics reaction and diffusion modelling for determination of adsorption rate constants and diffusion parameters; and determination of adsorption thermodynamic parameters.Evaluation of equilibrium selectivity of developed AC for Cr (VI) and/or phenol in binary aqueous solutions. c) To evaluate aqueous phase fixed-bed adsorption characteristics of developed AC for single Cr (VI) and mixed solution using Rapid Small Scale column Tests (RSSCTs). Generation of breakthrough curves at optimum adsorption conditions for evaluation of column performance indicators at different process conditions, bed regeneration-reusability potential, and dynamic adsorption selectivity of developed AC for Cr (VI) from solution of base metals. Determination of column diffusion parameters; accurate mass transfer and empirical modelling of breakthrough data; determination of applicable RSSCT scaling equation; and optimization of breakthrough data for accurate RSSCT scale-up.
Download or read book Adsorption of Organic Compounds and Water Vapor on Activated Carbon written by Nan Qi and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Batch Adsorption Kinetics in the Waste Water granular Activated Carbon System written by Jeffery S. Hsieh and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adsorption of Organic and Emerging Pollutants on Carbon Materials in Aqueous Media Environmental Implications written by Jordi Lladó Valero and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last two decades an increasing presence of organic substances such drugs, pesticides, etc. has been detected in water which may affect the health of the organisms and the environment. Some of these contaminants remain in the water after the usual treatment in sewage plants. This fact makes evident the need of introduction of the tertiary treatments that allow the complete elimination of these substances. This Doctoral Thesis researches for the elimination of different organic and emerging compounds present in water by means of the adsorption with new activated carbons. In particular, new carbon materials from different wastes, coal, synthetic materials, which have been produced and characterized, allow the adsorption of the organic compounds widely used in society. Different characteristics of the adsorbents (chemical composition, functional groups, texture, etc.) and of adsorbates (dimensions, hydrophobicity, pKa, functional groups, etc.) that influence on the adsorption process have been studied. Moreover, in this work, an analysis and kinetic model have been proposed. The analytic model allow, by chemometrics, enhancing the quantification of two or more organic compounds in solution by spectroscopy UV-vis. The kinetic model proposed provides a better comprehension and interpretation, as a better prediction of the different parameters on the adsorption process. In this sense, the following Thesis presents five works which have allowed a better comprehension of the adsorption process by means carbon materials from different origin. The first work, "highly microporous activated carbons from biocollagenic wastes as adsorbents or aromatic pollutants in water originating from industrial activities", about the texture and chemical composition of activated carbon from biocollagenic wastes which have been studied in order to observe how these parameters affect on the adsorption of aromatic monosubstitued compounds. Moreover, different variables as temperature and activating agent are studied in the process of manufacture activated carbons. The second work, "Removal of pharmaceutical and Iodinated Contrast Media (ICM) compounds on carbon xerogels and activated carbons. NOM and textural properties influences", shows the important role of pore size distribution in activated carbon which plays on the adsorption of different pharmaceuticals (salicylic acid, paracetamol, diclifenac, etc.) and iodinated contrast media (iohexol, iodixanol, iomeprol, etc) of different size. The influence of natural organic matter (NOM) in water is also studied in the adsorption of the all pollutants. The adsorption of paracetamol, phenol and salicylicacid in different coal-based activated carbon is showed in the contain of the work "Removal of pharmaceutical pollutants in water using coal-based activated carbons". In this work, the chemical characteristics on the surface of activated carbons are studied in order to observe the influence in the adsorption of different organic compounds; and also the influence of the pH water. The results showed an increase of adsorption of salicylates due to the presence of sulphur on the surface of the adsorbent. The fourth work; "Multicomponent adsorption on coal-based activated carbons on aqueous media: new cross-correlation analysis method", as a continuation of the previous work, shows a new chemometric technique that allows to analysis the binary and ternary solutions correctly by UV-vis spectroscopy. Moreover, the competitive effect between two or three molecules is studied on the adsorption process. In the last work, "Role of activated carbon properties in atrazine and paracetamol adsorption equilibrium and kinetics", a new kinetic model is proposed for the adsorption of paracetamol and atrazine using activated carbon from sewage sludge and two, commercial, activated carbons.
Download or read book Green Adsorbents for Pollutant Removal written by Grégorio Crini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-31 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second volume on adsorption using green adsorbents and is written by international contributors who are the leading experts in the adsorption field. Together with the first volume they show a typical selection of green materials used in wastewater treatment, with emphasis on industrial effluents. This second volume focuses on innovative materials. It presents hemp-based materials for metal removal, and the use of leaves for metal removal. It describes the biosorption of metals and metalloids on various materials and discusses the recent advances in cellulose-based adsorbents used in environmental purposes. Furthermore, activated carbons from food wastes, aerogels and bones, and municipal solid waste biochar as efficient materials for pollutant removal, respectively are reviewed as well as biosorption of dyes onto microbial biosorbents and the use of mushroom biomass to remove pollutants are looked at. The volume also includes detailed review of green adsorbents for removal of antibiotics, pesticides and endocrine disruptors and the use of pillared interlayered clays as innovative materials for pollutant removal. Finally, the use of green adsorbents for radioactive pollutant removal from natural water is discussed. The audience for this book includes students, environmentalists, engineers, water scientists, civil and industrial personnel who wish to specialize in adsorption technology. Academically, this book will be of use to students in chemical and environmental engineering who wish to learn about adsorption and its fundamentals. It has also been compiled for practicing engineers who wish to know about recent developments on adsorbent materials in order to promote further research toward improving and developing newer adsorbents and processes for the efficient removal of pollutants from industrial effluents. It is hoped that the book will serve as a readable and useful presentation not only for undergraduate and postgraduate students but also for the water scientists and engineers and as a convenient reference handbook in the form of numerous recent examples and appended information.
Download or read book Handbook of Batch Process Design written by P.N. Sharratt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Batch processes are used to manufacture many fine organic chemicals, and as such they can be considered to underpin much of the modern chemical industry. Despite widespread use and a consequent huge contribution to wealth creation, batch processes have attracted limited attention outside the user industries. Batch chemicals processing uses a number of core techniques and technologies, such as scheduling and sequence control, agitation and batch filtration. The combination of these technologies with often complex chemistry, the multi-purpose nature of much of this type of plant, the distinctive safety and environmental issues, and a fast moving commercial environment makes the development of a successful batch process a considerable challenge for the chemist or engineer. The literature on the topics covered in this book is fragmented and often not easily accessible, so this handbook has been written to address this problem and to bring together design and process analysis methods in the core areas of batch process design. By combining the science and pragmatism required in the development of successful batch processes this new book provides answers to real problems in an accessible and concise way. Written by an international team of authors drawn from industry, consulting and academe, this book is an essential part of the library of any chemist, technologist or engineer working on the development of new or existing batch processes.
Download or read book Phenolic Compounds written by Marcos Soto-Hernández and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phenolic compounds as a large class of metabolites found in plants have attracted attention since long time ago due to their properties and the hope that they will show beneficial health effects when taken as dietary supplements. This book presents the state of the art of some of the natural sources of phenolic compounds, for example, medicinal plants, grapes or blue maize, as well as the modern methods of extraction, quantification, and identification, and there is a special section discussing the treatment, removal, and degradation of phenols, an important issue in those phenols derived from the pharmaceutical or petrochemical industries.
Download or read book Green Adsorbents for Pollutant Removal written by Grégorio Crini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first volume on adsorption using green adsorbents and is written by international contributors who are the leading experts in the adsorption field. The first volume provides an overview of fundamentals and design of adsorption processes. For people who are new to the field, the book starts by two overview chapters presenting the principles and properties of wastewater treatment and adsorption processes. The book also provides a comprehensive source of knowledge on acid-base properties of biosorbents. It discusses fractal-like kinetic models for fluid-solid adsorption, reports on the chemical characterization of oxidized activated carbons for metal removal, and the use of magnetic biosorbents in water treatment. Furthermore, the thermodynamic properties of metals adsorption by green adsorbents, and biosorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organic pollutants are reviewed, and finally the recent trends and impact of nanomaterials as green adsorbent and potential catalysts for environmental applications are summarized. The audience for this book includes students, environmentalists, engineers, water scientists, civil and industrial personnel who wish to specialize in adsorption technology. Academically, this book will be of use to students in chemical and environmental engineering who wish to learn about adsorption and its fundamentals. It has also been compiled for practicing engineers who wish to know about recent developments on adsorbent materials in order to promote further research toward improving and developing newer adsorbents and processes for the efficient removal of pollutants from industrial effluents. It is hoped that the book will serve as a readable and useful presentation not only for undergraduate and postgraduate students but also for the water scientists and engineers and as a convenient reference handbook in the form of numerous recent examples and appended information.
Download or read book Forest Landscape Management written by United States. Forest Service. Northern Region and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adsorption Processes for Water Treatment and Purification written by Adrián Bonilla-Petriciolet and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides researchers and graduate students with an overview of the latest developments in and applications of adsorption processes for water treatment and purification. In particular, it covers current topics in connection with the modeling and design of adsorption processes, and the synthesis and application of cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of relevant aquatic pollutants. The book describes recent advances and alternatives to improve the performance and efficacy of this water purification technique. In addition, selected chapters are devoted to discussing the reliable modeling and analysis of adsorption data, which are relevant for real-life applications to industrial effluents and groundwater. Overall, the book equips readers with a general perspective of the potential that adsorption processes hold for the removal of emerging water pollutants. It can readily be adopted as part of special courses on environmental engineering, adsorption and water treatment for upper undergraduate and graduate students. Furthermore, the book offers a valuable resource for researchers in water production control, as well as for practitioners interested in applying adsorption processes to real-world problems in water treatment and related areas.
Download or read book Nanomicrobiology written by Larry L. Barton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-05 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to nanomicrobiology and the nanosystems of bacteria. The initial chapter discusses some of the controversies in the geochemical and biomedical fields associated with the reports of nanobacteria in the environment. Current knowledge of several internal and surface structures of bacteria is addressed in this book. Included are chapters discussing carboxysomes, S-layers, gliding motility of bacteria, and aggregation of iron to produce nano-magnetite. Information about the activities of outer membrane vesicles produced by Gram-negative bacteria is discussed as a benefit to bacteria that produce it and some potential industrial applications are presented. A broad review of bacterial-mineral interactions is addressed in a chapter of metallic nanoparticles and colloids production by bacterial reduction of soluble redox active elements. The structures of bacterial nanowires are discussed and their application in extra-cellular electron transport is reviewed. Nanomotor activities of bacteria are discussed as pertains to the mechanics of flagellar rotation, production of energy by ATP synthase, DNA packing, and translocation of proteins across membranes by secretion systems. The rapidly evolving field of nanosystem technology is embracing many areas, and it is the hope that this book will stimulate the use of bacterial nanostructures for future developments in nanotechnology.
Download or read book Nanofiltration Membranes written by Lau Woei Jye and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering fabrication, characterization, and applications nanofiltration (NF) membranes, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the development of NF membrane technology over the past decade. It uniquely covers a variety of fabrication techniques, comparing the procedures of each technique to produce polymeric membranes of different morphologies. The book also discusses advances in the materials used in thin film composite (TFC) polyamide membrane fabrication and their influences on properties with respect to structural and separation characteristics. A comprehensive review on NF characterization methods and techniques is provided, assessing physical and chemical properties and separation characteristics and stability. Technical challenges in fabricating a new generation of NF membranes are also reviewed and the possible approaches to overcome the challenges are provided. The book concludes with relevant case studies on the use of NF membranes in industrial implementation of both aqueous and nonaqueous media. Details the latest progress on the fabrication techniques of asymmetric and composite NF membranes. Discusses characterization methods used in assessing membrane physical/chemical properties, separation characteristics, and performance stability. Describes the potential of advanced materials in improving properties of polyamide selective layer as well as microporous substrate. Reviews the technical challenges in fabricating a new generation of composite membrane—thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane—possible approaches to overcome challenges. Offers case studies on the applications of NF membranes for both aqueous and nonaqueous media.
Download or read book Non soil Biochar Applications written by Dimitrios Kalderis and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochar is a carbon rich solid material resulting from the pyrolysis of biomass under oxygen-free and low temperature conditions. Although most research is directed towards the application of biochar to soils, there are several other biochar properties that render it a suitable candidate for non-soil applications. A growing number of studies have tested biochar as a composite in building materials, as a hazardous substance adsorbent in drinking water and wastewater, and as a component in filters for indoor air quality and storm water management. The potential to utilize biochar for various applications depends on its properties. For example, biochar with high electrical conductivity, porosity and stability at lower temperatures is preferred as electrodes material in microbial fuel cells. Biochar containing relatively high structural bound oxygen groups is preferred in direct carbon fuel cells. On the other hand, biochars with increased particle strength, hydrophobicity and high surface area are suitable candidates for the development of reusable catalysts for chemical reactions. These new high-value applications are still in their infancy, and further research and development is needed to reach commercialization. Optimum reaction conditions for producing biochar are not always the same and reproducibility is often not satisfactory, even when the same biomass is used and the same production conditions are present. This book on non-soil biochar applications aims to highlight the diversity of biochar as a multi-functional material and introduce some new and emerging applications to the wider scientific community. It will act as a reference document to all groups and individuals working or interested in biochar research and will be a valuable contribution to existing published literature.
Download or read book Local Government Law and Legislation written by William Henry Dumsday and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
