Download or read book Accession to the WTO Part I written by and published by Bookboon. This book was released on with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Accession to the World Trade Organization written by Dylan Geraets and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2018-02-23 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed and perceptive book examines the extent and scope of how rules for accession to the WTO may vary between countries, approaching the concerns that some countries enter with a better deal than others. Dylan Geraets critiques these additional ‘rules’ and aims to answer the question of whether new Members of the WTO are under stricter rules than the original Members, whilst analysing the accession process to the multilateral trading system.

Download or read book Accession to the WTO for developing countries Strategies for gaining maximum benefits written by Tewachew Alem and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-12-12 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2019 in the subject Business economics - Trade and Distribution, grade: A, Bahria University (School of Law), language: English, abstract: The objective of this paper is to present a survey of trade issues in WTO membership from the perspective of developing countries putting Ethiopia in focus. Developing countries are a large percentage of the World Trade Organization (WTO) membership, in which Ethiopia is on process of acquiring membership. Trade liberalization may be unilateral, bilateral, sub-regional or multilateral. The end of the cold war has witnessed an increasingly growing wave of unilateral trade liberalization accompanied by a regulatory framework that facilitates and enhances the momentum. Although the impact of unilateral trade liberalization undertaken in many countries including Ethiopia deserves discussion, the theme of this article has necessitated focus on multilateral trade liberalization under the WTO system. As LDC, Ethiopia is likely to be given some flexibility in assuming liberalization commitments. However, it will be asked to agree to some threshold of liberalization, and it is important for Ethiopia to be prepared to undertake commitments and develop a negotiation strategy that protects its interests. In addition, to respond effectively to the requests of WTO members, it is indispensable for the government of Ethiopia to have thorough information and analyze the potential consequences of liberalization. This term paper has three main parts in which the first part will discuss about trade liberalization with its justification and protectionism and its effects on economic development. The second part of the paper will focus on the opportunities and challenges of WTO membership to developing countries. In this part the consequences of the WTO membership of the developing countries will be analyzed in terms of its benefits and harms. The third part of the paper deals with the necessary precautions the developing countries are required to take before joining the WTO. In this part, the role of the WTO in helping the developing countries not to be affected negatively by becoming a member; necessary development level countries are required to attain before joining the WTO; and necessary measures to be undertaken during negotiation process not to take a commitment which will be against the national interest of the country. The fourth part deals on the Ethiopia WTO accession and assess the experience of WTO accessed least developing countries. Finally, the conclusion and recommendation with lessen to Ethiopia addressed.

Download or read book China s Accession to the World Trade Organization written by Robert Ash and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-03 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With China's accession to the World Trade Organization imminent, this book brings together the expert views of scholars, policy-makers and business representatives on the consequences of this historic event. Insight into the past and future of China's relationship to the WTO is offered by authors involved on both sides of the negotiations on the EU-China bilateral agreement of May 2000 and the on-going negotiations up to spring 2001. An analyst and representatives from four economic sectors (the automobile industry, telecommunications, insurance and banking) clash over their predictions for the future. Also presented is an investigation of the challenges for China's political, social and legal systems, and revealing prognoses are given for the implications for global trade and investment flows for the EU and Greater China, and for the modus operandi of the WTO itself. By shedding light on economic effects and social and legal implications, the book gives a comprehensive picture of potential challenges arising from China's entry to the WTO.

Download or read book WTO Accessions and Trade Multilateralism written by Uri Dadush and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-10 with total page 1015 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of how WTO accession negotiations have expanded the reach of the multilateral trading system both geographically and conceptually.

Download or read book Mega Regional Trade Agreements written by Thilo Rensmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth analysis of "Mega-Regionals", the new generation of trans-regional free-trade agreements (FTAs) currently under negotiation, and their effect on the future of international economic law. The main focus centres on the EU-US Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and the EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), but the findings are also applicable to similar agreements under negotiation, such as the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP).The specific features of Mega-Regional Trade Agreements raise a number of issues with respect to their potential effect on the current system of international trade and investment law. These include the consequences of Mega-Regionals for the most-favoured-nation (MFN) principle, their relation to the multilateral system of the World Trade Organization (WTO), their democratic legitimacy and their interaction with existing bilateral investment treaties (BITs).The book is intended for academics and practitioners working in the field of international economic law.

Download or read book Handbook on China s WTO Accession and Its Impacts written by Cheong Ching and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has taken China 15 long years of tough negotiations to achieve accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). By becoming a full member of the WTO, China has in fact made three tiers of commitments. The first tier is the commitment to the objectives of the WTO, such as free trade, most-favoured nations, national treatment and transparency, as expounded in the various documents setting up the organization and its predecessor, the GATT. The second tier is the commitment to the set of rules governing trade for specific sectors, such as agricultural and textile goods, or information technology and telecommunications. This is set out in China's accession protocol. The third tier is the commitment to bilateral agreements which China signed with her major trading partners. Their support is mandatory before China can be admitted to the WTO and therefore she has to satisfy each of them through elaborate bilateral negotiations. This handbook highlights the important commitments that China has made to the international community and analyzes the potential impact of such commitments on China.Part I of the book outlines China's commitments to convert her economy from a centrally planned one to a free market one as far as cross-border movement of goods, services and personnel is concerned. It reproduces China's commitments in a tabular format to facilitate reading, and is supplemented with brief references to WTO regulations where appropriate so that readers get to know how China's commitments relate to WTO obligations. Part II examines the impacts of China's WTO membership as a whole and on her specific economic sectors. Part III consists of Tables and Figures selected from a Report compiled by the US General Accounting Office, presenting some of the Office's analysis and findings of China's commitments on WTO accession.Appendix 1 lists all the legal instruments pertaining to China's accession to the WTO. Appendix 2 reprints the Protocol of China's Accession. China's schedule of commitments on services, rearranged in a format more comprehensible to the general reader, is included as Appendix 3, so that concerned readers can find out for themselves how their professions may be affected. Appendix 4 reprints the GATS Services Sectoral Classification GNS/W/120 and part of the CPC Provisional version. This appendix is attached to facilitate readers to check whether their specific professions, which are spelt out in 3?6 digit codes, are included in Chinese commitments.

Download or read book Ukraine s WTO Accession written by Ihor Burakovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lars Handrich German Advisory Group on Economic Reforms with the Ukrainian Government 1 Ukraine on the way to WTO membership The first announcements by Ukraine to join the World Trade Organisation (WTO) were made in 1993. In the following year the Working group on Ukraine's accession was established. But successive Ukrainian governments had to sideline the issue of WTO accession, as the country went through a decade of unprecedented and severe economic decline. Only in the year 2000 the Ukrainian economy started to achieve positive real economic growth. Since then Ukraine embarked on a stable path of economic growth and continues to grow even under conditions ofa sluggish world economy and protectionist reflexes in some ofUkraine's export markets. According to the macroeconomic forecast of the Institute for Economic Research and Policy Consulting Ukrainian GDP will grow by 5,4% in 2003 in real terms and by 5,I% 1 in 2004. For Ukraine WTO accession is of special importance. Ukraine records an extremely high exports-to-GDP ratio of over 60% - almost twice the ratio for Germany.' The large ratio and the little diversified structure ofUkraine's imports and exports make Ukraine seriously vulnerable to external shocks resulting from changes in trade regimes. Joining the WTO, trade among WTO members amounting to more then 90% of world trade, could reduce the risks related to external trade and Ukraine could derive substantial economic and hence welfare benefits from the membership in WTO.

Download or read book Introduction and Summary to the Handbook of Trade Policy and WTO Accession for Development in Russia and the CIS written by David Tarr and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper is the introduction and summary chapter of the 43 chapter volume entitled Handbook of Trade Policy and WTO Accession for Development in Russia and the CIS. The key policy conclusions of each of the chapters are highlighted in this paper. The Handbook will be published only in Russian in 2005, but an English language version of the majority of the papers described here is available on the website www.worldbank.org/trade/russia-wto. This paper first explains the potential importance of World Trade Organization (WTO) accession as a development tool, and discusses the recent successful development models and the role of trade policy in their development. The paper then summarizes the three parts of the Handbook. The first part treats trade policy (with applications to Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States [CIS]). The second part treats World Trade Organization institutions and disciplines, again with Russia and CIS applications. And the third part focuses on various aspects of the impact of WTO accession on Russia. The numerous papers that relate trade policy and WTO accession to experience in Russia and the CIS are likely to be of special interest to native English speakers, since these papers are new to the literature. The papers in the Handbook are intended to be non-technical materials accessible to a wide policy audience. The Handbook forms the basis of a World Bank Institute course on trade policy and WTO accession, which has been delivered and will be delivered again on multiple occasions. "--World Bank web site.

Download or read book WTO Accession for Countries in Transition written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: June 1998 Accession to the World Trade Organization should be expedited, and the processing time for applications reduced to no more than two years. This would enable the WTO to achieve universal membership in the next five years, a worthwhile objective for the international community. Countries in transition have considered membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) an important step toward integration in the international economic system. After several years of negotiations, five members of the former Soviet Union (FSU)-Armenia, the three Baltic countries, and the Kyrgyz Republic-may become members in 1998. It will probably take longer for Russia, Ukraine, and some others. It takes four to five years to process applications for FSU countries-which is close to average for recent applicants. The five countries expected to accede to the WTO this year are among the more liberal members of the FSU. With those five processed, there will be a backlog of another 26 applications, most them countries in transition, including China and Russia. At the current rate of processing, it will take five to six years to process them-and a decade or more for the 25 or so developing and transition economies that have yet to apply. Processing is time-consuming because: * Legislative requirements needed for accession are time-consuming. * Candidate countries are weak institutionally and unfamiliar with the economic and legal issues to be addressed. * The fact finding process is unneccessarily cumbersome and time-consuming. * Technical assistance to applicants in meeting the requirements for WTO accession is not effectively coordinated. * Addressing the commercial interests of all members requires protracted negotiations. Governments seeking accession must coordinate the legislative and regulatory changes needed in their foreign trade regimes, adopt liberal trade policies, and identify areas of institutional weakness that require delays in implementation of WTO provisions and seek agreement on such delays. WTO members, for their part, should expedite the process, as universal membership is in everyone's best interest. They should: * Agree to suitable, time-bound extensions to allow acceding governments to address institutional weaknesses. * Provide coordinated assistance to acceding countries to strengthen their institutional capacity. * Streamline the fact finding aspects of the accession process and give the WTO secretariat the budgetary resources it needs to work with applicant governments for this purpose. This paper is part of a larger effort of the World Bank to collaborate with the World Trade Organization in developing approaches for the more effective integration of the developing countries and transition economies in the international trading system. The author may be contacted at [email protected].

Download or read book A Handbook on the WTO Dispute Settlement System written by World Trade Organization and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-14 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook offers a detailed explanation of the rules and procedures of the WTO dispute settlement system.

Download or read book China and the WTO written by Petros C. Mavroidis and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-05 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "China's accession to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 2001 was hailed as the natural conclusion of a long march that started with the reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping in the 1970s. However, China's participation in the WTO since joining has been anything but smooth, and its self-proclaimed "socialist market economy" system has alienated many of its global trading partners - as recent tensions with the United States exemplify. Prevailing diplomatic attitudes tend to focus on two diametrically opposing approaches to dealing with the emerging problems: the first is to demand that China completely overhaul its economic regime; the second is to stay idle and accept that the WTO must accommodate different economic regimes, no matter how idiosyncratic and incompatible. In this book, Mavroidis and Sapir propose a third approach. They point out that, while the WTO (as well as its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade [GATT]) has previously managed the accession of socialist countries or of big trading nations, it has never before dealt with a country as large or as powerful as China. Therefore, in order to simultaneously uphold its core principles and accommodate China's unique geopolitical position, the authors argue that the WTO needs to translate some of its implicit legal understanding into explicit treaty language. Focusing on two core complaints - that Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs) benefit from unfair trade advantages, and that domestic companies (both private as well as SOEs) impose forced technology transfer on foreign companies as a condition for accessing the Chinese market - they lay out their specific proposals for successful legislative amendment"--.

Download or read book Flesh on a Legal Fiction written by Mitali Tyagi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Trade Organization has recently seen a spate of disputes over provisions in an unfamiliar instrument, the Protocol of Accession. While the process of accession to the WTO is traditionally an intensely political, secretive and often protracted one, the focus of my research is on the novel legal implications that modern-day Protocols of Accession are having on the entirety of the WTO legal machinery. It seeks to shine light on the clandestine manoeuvrings of the accession process that are fracturing the single undertaking of rules in the WTO. Valuable work done by commentators thus far, including Steve Charnovitz and Julia Qin, has provided a reservoir of information about the content of certain Protocols of Accession andthe divergence from the common law of the WTO (WTO-plus or WTO-minus provisions in Protocols of Accession). I seek to build on that work by examining the recent troubling dispute settlement activity in the realm of Protocols of Accession and by introducing a scrutiny of the legality of certain provisions of the AP. This is in response to the unexpected modifications to the WTO single undertaking dealt by certain provisions of the Protocols of Accession. Part I of the paper introduces the mechanism of accession and explains some of the reasons for concern that precipitated this study. Part II canvasses the recent dispute settlement activity and notes its lacking contribution with respect to the legal status, ambit and operation of provisions in Protocols of Accession. Part III offers characterizations of provisions in Protocols of Accession in an effort to fill the lacuna left by recent decisions in the WTO. It argues that the true effect of certain provisions in Protocols of Accession is aptly described as an 'impermissible reservation' to WTO agreements. In this regard I analyze and critique the recent work of the International Law Commission on Reservations.

Download or read book The Impact of China s WTO Accession on East Asia written by Elena Ianchovichina and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: China's World Trade Organization (WTO) accession will have major implications for China and present both opportunities and challenges for East Asia. Ianchovichina and Walmsley assess the possible channels through which China's accession to the WTO could affect East Asia and quantify these effects using a dynamic computable general equilibrium model. China will be the biggest beneficiary of accession, followed by the industrial and newly industrializing economies (NIEs) in East Asia. But their benefits are small relative to the size of their economies and to the vigorous growth projected to occur in the region over the next 10 years. By contrast, developing countries in East Asia are expected to incur small declines in real GDP and welfare as a result of China's accession, mainly because with the elimination of quotas on Chinese textile and apparel exports to industrial countries China will become a formidable competitor in areas in which these countries have comparative advantage. With WTO accession China will increase its demand for petrochemicals, electronics, machinery, and equipment from Japan and the NIEs, and farm, timber, energy products, and other manufactures from the developing countries in East Asia. New foreign investment is likely to flow into these expanding sectors. The overall impact on foreign investment is likely to be positive in the NIEs, but negative for the less developed East Asian countries as a result of the contraction of these economies' textile and apparel sector. As China becomes a more efficient supplier of services or a more efficient producer of high-end manufactures, its comparative advantage will shift into higher-end products. This is good news for the poor developing economies in East Asia, but it implies that the impact of China's WTO accession on the NIEs may change to include heightened competition in global markets. This paper"a product of the Economic Policy Division, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network"is part of a larger effort in the network to assess the impact of China's WTO accession.

Download or read book The Politics of China s Accession to the World Trade Organization written by Hui Feng and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2006 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grounded on a series of first-hand interviews with Chinese government officials, this book examines China's accession to the World Trade Organization, providing an 'inside' look at Chinese WTO accession negotiations. Presenting a systematic political economy model in analyzing Beijing's decision-making mechanisms, the book argues that China's WTO policy making is a state-led, leadership driven, and top-down process. Feng explores how China's determined political elite partly bypassed and partly restructured a largely reluctant and resistant bureaucracy, under constant pressure from an increasingly globalized international system. By addressing China's accession to the WTO from a political analysis perspective, the book provides a theoretically informed and intriguing examination of China's foreign economic policy making regime. The book highlights contemporary debates relating to state and institutionalist theory and provides new and useful insights into a significant development of this century.

Download or read book WTO Accession for Countries in Transition written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accession to the World Tr ...

Download or read book Trade Multilateralism in the Twenty First Century written by Alexei Kireyev and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book explores the impact of recent WTO accession experiences on the development of the multilateral trading system.