Download or read book Accelerated Degradation of Chlorinated Solvents by Copper modified Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron Cu nZVI Stabilized with Carboxymethyl Cellulose written by Andrew Franze and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) is a remediation technology that can be used to treat chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs) in contaminated aquifers. Nanoparticles remain mobile in water and can be transported with groundwater flow to contaminated zones. However, due to magnetic and van der Waals forces, unstabilized nZVI agglomerates. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was used as a polyelectrolyte stabilizer in this study. nZVI serves as an electron donor and can dechlorinate CHCs. nZVI reactivity with CHCs can be enhanced by addition of a secondary metal catalyst. This study evaluates the potential of copper amended nZVI (Cu-nZVI) to degrade select CHCs. The objective of this study was to characterize degradation of select CHCs in batch reactors with regard to degradation kinetics and degradation byproduct distributions. The following CHCs were studied: CF, 1,1,2,2-TeCA, 1,1,1-TCA, 1,1,2-TCA, PCE, TCE, cis-DCE, trans-DCE, and 1,2,3-TCP. Degradation kinetics were quantified using a pseudo first-order rate constant (kobs). Initial degradation of CHCs was reported separately from later degradation, which occurred after 0.5 hr. The change in reaction kinetics with time could be caused by particle aging. The effect of Cu loading and nZVI concentration was evaluated with CF degradation. Increasing Cu loading or nZVI concentrations yielded faster degradation rates. Increasing Cu loading systematically increased methane byproduct production. The loss of reactivity with CF after 0.5 hr was greater for nZVI when compared to Cu-nZVI. Degradation kinetics were faster and byproduct distribution was more favorable for Cu-nZVI than nZVI for all CHCs studied. Cu-nZVI outperformed most other bimetallic nZVI reductants reported in the literature for CF and chlorinated ethanes treatment. Cu-nZVI invokes a-elimination of CF and 1,l,1-TCA, which produces reactive carbene intermediates capable of degrading into benign products such as methane, ethane, and ethene. Cu-nZVI also showed potential for 1,2,3-TCP remediation. However, Cu-nZVI was particularly ineffective at degrading chlorinated ethenes. Chlorinated ethene degradation pathways and mechanisms induced by Cu-nZVI were not clearly identified. Particle longevity experiments showed that reactivity with 1,1,1-TCA decreases as particles age. Unstable Cu-nZVI particles showed a slow linear decline in reactivity with time, whereas CMC stabilized Cu-nZVI particles showed a rapid power function decline in reactivity with time. The unstable particles were 12-fold faster compared to stablized particles 24 hr after particle synthesis. Even with declines in reactivity, 1,1,1-TCA was rapidly degraded (over a few hours) by both stable and unstable Cu-nZVI seven days after particle synthesis. Cu-nZVI hydrogen production was minor and was limited to occurring immediately after particle synthesis. Cu-nZVI shows great potential for treating certain CHCs.

Download or read book Accelerated Degradation of Chlorinated Solvents by Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron Coated with Iron Monosolfide and Stabilized with Carboxymethyl Cellulose written by Shirin Ghahghaei Nezamabadi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) injections have proven to be a promising approach for the remediation of aquifers contaminated by chlorinated organic pollutants. This study compares the efficacy of nZVI in sulfidated and unamended forms in degrading selected chlorinated hyrocarbons (CHCs). Results show that nZVI amended with iron monosulfide (FeS) increases the rate of dechlorination of CT, CF and 1,1,1-TCA compared to that by unamended nZVI. The focus of this research was to characterize degradation kinetics and degradation byproduct distributions of CT, CF and 1,1,1-TCA by nZVI coated by iron monosulfide, which is represented as nZVI/FeS. To prevent nZVI particles from agglomerating, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was used as a stabilizer in all experiments. Results indicated that the nZVI/FeS system was faster and produced less toxic byproducts than nZVI for all CHCs studied. a-elimination in nZVI/FeS system was an important degradation pathway for CF and 1,l,1-TCA: it produces reactive carbene intermediates capable of degrading into benign products such as methane, ethane, and ethene. The effect of sulfide loading on degradation was evaluated with all CHCs studied. Regardless of CHC type, the rate constant (kobs) increased with increasing sulfide loading, reaching the highest amount at 1 wt% sulfide, and then decreased with higher sulfide loading. An additional study focused on the effects of varying of the concentration of nZVI and CMC, and particle longevity on the degradation of 1,1,1-TCA in the nZVI/FeS system with 1 wt.% sulfide. Particle longevity experiments showed that reactivity with 1,1,1-TCA decreases as particles age. nZVI/FeS particles showed a rapid power function decline in reactivity with time. Increasing the amount of iron-reducing chemical during nZVI/FeS synthesis improved reactivity by 43%. The addition of a polyelectrolyte stabilizer at an optimized concentration of 4.0 g/L further increased nZVI/FeS reactivity by 350%. nZVI/FeS shows great potential for treating certain CHCs.

Download or read book Groundwater Geochemistry written by Sughosh Madhav and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains both practical and theoretical aspects of groundwater resources relating to geochemistry. Focusing on recent research in groundwater resources, this book helps readers to understand the hydrogeochemistry of groundwater resources. Dealing primarily with the sources of ions in groundwater, the book describes geogenic and anthropogenic input of ions into water. Different organic, inorganic and emerging contamination and salinity problems are described, along with pollution-related issues affecting groundwater. New trends in groundwater contamination remediation measures are included, which will be particularly useful to researchers working in the field of water conservation. The book also contains diverse groundwater modelling examples, enabling a better understanding of water-related issues and their management. Groundwater Geochemistry: Pollution and Remediation offers the reader: An understanding of the quantitative and qualitative challenges of groundwater resources An introduction to the environmental geochemistry of groundwater resources A survey of groundwater pollution-related issues Recent trends in groundwater conservation and remediation Mathematical and statistical modeling related to groundwater resources Students, lecturers and researchers working in the fields of hydrogeochemistry, water pollution and groundwater will find Groundwater Geochemistry an essential companion.

Download or read book Removal of Select Chlorinated Hydrocarbons by Nanoscale Zero valent Iron Supported on Powdered Activated Charcoal written by Md Abu Raihan Chowdhury and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron (NZVI) has shown limited effectiveness in degrading chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs), like 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) and Trichloroethene (TCE), in aqueous solution. A rapid agglomeration behavior of NZVI particles due to van der waals and magnetic forces can negatively impact its overall effectiveness due to increase in particle size, and decline in CHC degradation kinetics. Different support materials, such as clays and activated carbon, have been used to stabilize NZVI particle and reduce agglomeration in aqueous solution. In this bench-scale study, NZVI supported on Powdered Activated Charcoal (PAC) was selected to prepare a composite, called PAC/NZVI, for a more effective treatment of 1,1,1-TCA and TCE in aqueous solution. The study shows that PAC/NZVI has both adsorption and degradation capability toward 1,1,1-TCA and TCE. PAC exhibited high porosity to accommodate NZVI as a suitable support in order to keep NZVI in suspension in aqueous medium and to minimize agglomeration. Bench-scale experiments with variable concentrations of PAC (0.1{u2013}0.8 g/L) and NZVI (0.2{u2013}0.6 g/L) showed that PAC/NZVI composite can be highly efficient in rapid 1,1,1-TCA removal by adsorption, and effective in overall degradation leading to production of non-chlorinated daughter products. Increase in PAC concentration in the composite was correlated with greater removal of 1,1,1-TCA by sorption whereas lower PAC concentration yielded greater degradation kinetics and higher byproduct yields. PAC/NZVI was found to be active for more than three months presumably because NZVI embedded within hydrophobic pore spaces of PAC did not get oxidized. Cu amendment to NZVI as a secondary/catalysts metal showed faster degradation and higher byproduct yields.

Download or read book Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Particles for Environmental Restoration written by Tanapon Phenrat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first complete edited volume devoted to providing comprehensive and state-of-the art descriptions of science principles and pilot- and field-scaled engineering applications of nanoscale zerovalent iron particles (NZVI) for soil and groundwater remediation. Although several books on environmental nanotechnology contain chapters of NZVI for environmental remediation (Wiesner and Bottero (2007); Geiger and Carvalho-Knighton (2009); Diallo et al. (2009); Ram et al. (2011)), none of them include a comprehensive treatment of the fundamental and applied aspects of NZVI applications. Most devote a chapter or two discussing a contemporary aspect of NZVI. In addition, environmental nanotechnology has a broad audience including environmental engineers and scientists, geochemists, material scientists, physicists, chemists, biologists, ecologists and toxicologists. None of the current books contain enough background material for such multidisciplinary readers, making it difficult for a graduate student or even an experienced researcher or environmental remediation practitioner new to nanotechnology to catch up with the massive, undigested literature. This prohibits the reader from gaining a complete understanding of NZVI science and technology. In this volume, the sixteen chapters are based on more than two decades of laboratory research and development and field-scaled demonstrations of NZVI implementation. The authors of each chapter are leading researchers and/or practitioners in NZVI technology. This book aims to be an important resource for all levels of audiences, i.e. graduate students, experienced environmental and nanotechnology researchers, and practitioners evaluating environmental remediation, as it is designed to involve everything from basic to advanced concepts.

Download or read book Degradation of Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Contaminants by Sulfidated Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron written by Siyuan Mu and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The application of sulfidated nanoscale zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) for chlorinated solvents dechlorination is a promising treatment approach. The main mechanisms involved in dechlorination are direct electron transfer or indirect electron transfer through reactive atomic hydrogen. The S/Fe molar ratio in S-nZVI has been shown to play a critical role during the reaction as sulfidation to different extent leads to changes in the dechlorination rates, however, past studies have largely focused on one chlorinated solvent compound, trichloroethene (TCE). There is a lack in the understanding of the impact of S/Fe molar ratios on the dechlorination of other environmentally significant chlorinated solvents. In this study, degradation efficiency, associated hydrogen generation, partially dechlorinated products as well as total chloride release were analyzed for 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA) and carbon tetrachloride (CT) at 7 different S/Fe molar ratios ranging from 0.01 to 0.4, under stoichiometrically electron excess (Fe0 excess) conditions. TCE was also analyzed as a comparison with previous studies. Optimal S/Fe ratios were determined at S/Fe 0.01 for both 1,1,1-TCA and CT degradation whereas optimal S/Fe ratios for minimum partially dechlorinated product formation were identified at S/Fe 0.4. The optimal S/Fe ratio (0.1) for TCE degradation is different from that of the two other chlorinated solvents and the degradation rate of TCE (0.008 h^-1-0.054 h^-1), 1,1,1-TCA (0.03 h^-1 - 1.13 h^-1) and CT (2 h^-1 - 12.7 h^-1). Degradation of TCE led to complete dechlorination, however measurable amounts of chlorinated organic products (1,1-Dichloromethane and chloroform) were formed during 1,1,1-TCA and CT degradation. These results suggest different degradation mechanisms are likely responsible for the degradation of different chlorinated solvent compounds"--

Download or read book Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment written by David M. Kempisty and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), often referred to as per- (and poly) fluorinated compounds (PFCs), have been used for years in many everyday3⁄4 and some lifesaving3⁄4 products. However, their use has been linked to adverse health effects in humans, a problem compounded by their persistence in the environment. This book discusses the various challenges of PFAS in our environment today, including their historical use as well as their chemical and toxicological properties. It also presents robust discussion of analytical challenges and special considerations in sampling. The work goes on to give practical recommendations for dealing with these compounds in today's dynamic regulatory landscape and includes several chapters on various remediation techniques. Key Features: Comprehensive overview of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) historical use and chemical/physical properties which help us understand their persistence, transport, and transformation pathways in the environment In-depth analysis of PFAS toxicology Detailed descriptions of conventional and state-of-the-art remediation technologies Practical recommendations for dealing with PFAS in a dynamic regulatory landscape Robust discussion of important sampling and analytical considerations Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment: Theory, Practice, and Innovation explores the challenges across the topical areas of regulation and management, toxicology, environmental remediation, and analytical sampling and analysis.Readers will find this text helpful in understanding complexities associated with PFAS and informing management strategies to effectively protect this and future generations.

Download or read book Degradation of Trichloroethylene Using Iron Bimetals and Trimetals written by Wanchun Yuan and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A set of non-chlorinated hydrocarbons consisting Of C3 to C6 alkanes and alkenes was also observed. In the presence of various anions, competition between N03− and TCE was observed for zero-valent iron, bimetals and trimetals, especially when the concentration of N03− was higher than 200 mg/L. In the presence Of S042− and PO43−, there appeared to be an increase in TCE degradation rate using Fe/Cu/Ni but no significant effect using Fe/Ni, Fe/Cu and Fe. The presence Of HC03− did not affect the degradation rates of TCE dechlorination with zero-valent, bimetals and trimetals. Except in the 200 mg/L N03− solution, the degradation of TCE in the HC03−, SO42−, PO43−, and N03− was faster in Fe/Cu/Ni followed by Fe/Ni, Fe/Cu, and Fe. This study indicated that plating copper and nickel onto zero-valent iron will enhance TCE degradation rate constants by approximately one to two orders of magnitude.

Download or read book Advanced Nano Bio Technologies for Water and Soil Treatment written by Jan Filip and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-17 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are proposing this comprehensive volume aimed at bridging and bonding of the theory and practical experiences for the elimination of a broad range of pollutants from various types of water and soil utilizing innovative nanotechnologies, biotechnologies and their possible combinations. Nowadays, a broad range of contaminants are emerging from the industry (and also representing old ecological burdens). Accidents and improper wastewater treatment requires a fast, efficient and cost-effective approach. Therefore, several innovative technologies of water and soil treatments have been invented and suggested in a number of published papers. Out of these, some nanotechnologies and biotechnologies (and possibly also their mutual combinations) turned out to be promising for practical utilization – i.e., based on both extensive laboratory testing and pilot-scale verification. With respect to the diverse character of targeted pollutants, the key technologies covered in this book will include oxidation, reduction, sorption and/or biological degradation. In relation to innovative technologies and new emerging pollutants mentioned in this proposed book, an important part will also cover the ecotoxicity of selected pollutants and novel nanomaterials used for remediation. Thus, this work will consist of 8 sections/chapters with a technical appendix as an important part of the book, where some technical details and standardized protocols will be clearly presented for their possible implementation at different contaminated sites. Although many previously published papers and books (or book chapters) are devoted to some aspects of nano-/biotechnologies, here we will bring a first complete and comprehensive treatise on the latest progress in innovative technologies with a clear demonstration of the applicability of particular methods based on results of the authors from pilot tests (i.e., based on the data collected within several applied projects, mainly national project “Environmentally friendly nanotechnologies and biotechnologies in water and soil treatment” of the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic, and 7FP project NANOREM: “Taking Nanotechnological Remediation Processes from Lab Scale to End User Applications for the Restoration of a Clean Environment”). This multidisciplinary book will be suitable for a broad audience including environmental scientists, practitioners, policymakers and toxicologists (and of course graduate students of diverse fields – material science, chemistry, biology, geology, hydrogeology, engineering etc.).

Download or read book Nanotechnology Applications for Clean Water written by Mamadou Diallo and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2009-02-12 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Health Organization in 2004 estimated approximately 1.1 billion people did not have access to clean water and that 35% of Third World residents died from water-borne illnesses. While the situation is grim, recent advances strongly indicate that many of the current water quality problems can be addresses – and potentially resolved – using nanotechnology.Nanotechnology is already having a dramatic impact on research in water quality and Nanotechnology Applications for Clean Water highlights both the challenges and the opportunities for nanotechnology to positively influence this area of environmental protection.Here you will find detailed information on breakthroughs, cutting edge technologies, current research, and future trends that may affect acceptance of widespread applications. The first four parts of the book cover specific topics including using nanotechnology for clean drinking water in both large scale water treatment plants and in point-of-use systems. For instance, recent advances show that many of the current problems involving water quality can be addressed using nanosorbents, nanocatalysts, bioactive nanoparticles, nanostructured catalytic membranes, and nanoparticle enhanced filtration. The book also discusses existing technologies and future potential for groundwater remediation, pollution prevention, and sensors. The final part discusses the inherent societal implications that may affect acceptance of widespread applications. Over 80 leading experts from around the world share their wealth of knowledge in this truly unique reference. Institutions such as Center for the Purification of Water and Systems (Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign); UCLA Water Technology Center; Carnegie Mellon University, University of Kentucky; The University of Western Ontario; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (Japan), Munasinghe Institute for Development (Sri Lanka) and the Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars are just a few of the knowledge centers represented in this book. Water quality is a serious, global issue in which government bodies and scientific communities face many challenges in ensuring clean water is available to everyone. Nanotechnology is already showing dramatic results, and this book is an attempt to share current technologies and future possibilities in reaching this goal. From the Foreword:"Researchers and practitioners may find in this volume, key challenges regarding clean water resources. The presentations may crystallize new research and education programs." - Mihail Roco, U.S. National Science Foundation and U.S. Nanotechnology Initiative - Contributors from the US, India, Canada, Japan, UK, Sri Lanka, and South Africa - Provides detailed information on breakthroughs, cutting edge technologies, current research, and future trends that may affect acceptance of widespread applications - Covers specific topics including using nanotechnology for clean drinking water in both large scale water treatment plants and in point-of-use systems - Discusses existing technologies and future potential for groundwater remediation, pollution prevention, and sensors - Highlights both the challenges and the opportunities for nanotechnology to positively influence this area of environmental protection

Download or read book Nanomaterials for Water Treatment and Remediation written by Srabanti Ghosh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-28 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a comprehensive view of water-treatment technologies, Nanomaterials for Water Treatment and Remediation explores recent developments in the use of advanced nanomaterials (ANMs) for water treatment and remediation. In-depth reaction mechanisms in water-treatment technologies, including adsorption, catalysis, and membrane filtration for water purification using ANMs, are discussed in detail. The book includes an investigation of the fabrication processes of nanostructured materials and the fundamental aspects of surfaces at the nanoscale. The book also covers the removal of water-borne pathogens and microbes through a photochemical approach. FEATURES Explains various chemical treatments for the removal and separation of hazardous dyes, organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, and heavy metals from aqueous solutions, including adsorption, advanced oxidation process, and photocatalysis Discusses the rational design of nanoporous materials with a tunable pore structure and fabrication of nanomaterials by surface chemistry engineering Covers the role of nanomaterials-assisted oxidation and reduction processes, design of nano-assisted membrane-based separation, and multifunctional nanomaterials and nanodevices for water treatment Provides an understanding of the structure–activity relationship and stability of ANMs under critical experimental conditions Identifies potential challenges in the application of multifunctional ANMs for future research Nanomaterials for Water Treatment and Remediation is aimed at researchers and industry professionals in chemical, materials, and environmental engineering as well as related fields interested in the application of advanced materials to water treatment and remediation.

Download or read book Nano Bioremediation Fundamentals and Applications written by Hafiz M. N. Iqbal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-10 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nano-Bioremediation: Fundamentals and Applications explores how nano-bioremediation is used to remedy environmental pollutants. The book's chapters focus on the design, fabrication and application of advanced nanomaterials and their integration with biotechnological processes for the monitoring and treatment of pollutants in environmental matrices. It is an important reference source for materials scientists, engineers and environmental scientists who are looking to increase their understanding of bioremediation at the nanoscale. The mitigation of environmental pollution is the biggest challenge to researchers and the scientific community, hence this book provides answers to some important questions. As an advanced hybrid technology, nano-bioremediation refers to the integration of nanomaterials and bioremediation for the remediation of pollutants. The rapid pace of urbanization, massive development of industrial sectors, and modern agricultural practices all cause a controlled or uncontrolled release of environmentally-related hazardous contaminants that are seriously threatening every key sphere, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, and anthroposphere. Explores the current and potential applications of nano-bioremediation in the remediation of hazardous pollutants Outlines the major properties and classes of nanomaterials that make them efficient bioremediation agents Assesses the major challenges of effectively implementing bioremediation techniques at the nanoscale

Download or read book Environmental Applications of Nanomaterials written by Glen E. Fryxell and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 751 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is concerned with functional nanomaterials, materials containing specific, predictable nanostructures whose chemical composition, or interfacial structure enables them to perform a specific job: to destroy, sequester, or detect some material that constitutes an environmental threat. Nanomaterials have a number of features that make them ideally suited for this job: they have a high surface area, high reactivity, easy dispersability, and rapid diffusion,to name a few. The purpose of this book is to showcase how these features can be tailored to address some of the environmental remediation and sensing/detection problems faced by mankind today. A number of leading researchers have contributed to this volume, painting a picture of diverse synthetic strategies, structures, materials, and methods. The intent of this book is to showcase the current state of environmental nanomaterials in such a way as to be useful either as a research resource, or as a graduate level textbook. We have organized this book into sections on nanoparticle-based remediation strategies, nanostructured inorganic materials (e.g. layered materials like the apatites), nanostructured organic/inorganic hybrid materials, and the use of nanomaterials to enhance the performance of sensors.

Download or read book Nanotechnology in Industrial Wastewater Treatment written by Dr. Arup Roy and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2015-01-15 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology in Industrial Wastewater Treatment is a state of the art reference book. The book is particularly useful for wastewater technology development laboratories and organizations. All professional and academic areas connected with environmental engineering, nanotechnology based wastewater treatment and related product design are incorporated and provide an essentialresource. The book describes the application and synthesis of Ca-based and magnetic nano-materials and their potential application for removal/treatment of heavy metals from wastewater. Nanotechnology in Industrial Wastewater Treatment discusses the rapid wastewater treatment methods using Ca-based nanomaterials and magnetic nanomaterials. This is an emerging area of new science and technology in wastewater treatment. The main audiences for the book are water industry professionals, research scholars and students in the area of Environmental Engineering and Nanotechnology. Authors: Dr. Arup Roy Department of Mining Engineering, Geo-Environmental Lab., Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur,India; and Professor Jayanta Bhattacharya, Department of Mining Engineering, Geo-Environmental Lab., Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India.

Download or read book Environmental Soil Remediation and Rehabilitation written by Eric D. van Hullebusch and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of innovative remediation techniques and strategies for soils contaminated by heavy metals or organic compounds (e.g. petroleum hydrocarbons, NAPLs and chlorinated organic compounds). It discusses various novel chemical remediation approaches (in-situ and ex-situ) used alone and in combination with physical and/or thermal treatment. Further, it addresses the recovery of NAPLs, reuse of leaching solutions, and in-situ chemical reduction and oxidation, and explores the chemical enhancement of physical NAPLs recovery from both practical and theoretical perspectives. Also presenting the state-of-the-art in waste-assisted bioremediation to improve soil quality and the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons, the book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and R&D professionals in industry engaged in the treatment of contaminated soils.

Download or read book Groundwater Engineering written by Rajandrea Sethi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-03 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook employs a technical and quantitative approach to explain subsurface hydrology and hydrogeology, and to offer a comprehensive overview of groundwater-related topics such as flow in porous media, aquifer characterization, contaminant description and transport, risk assessment, and groundwater remediation. It describes the characterization of subsurface flow of pristine and polluted water and provides readers with easily applicable tools for the design of water supply systems, drinking-water source protection, and remediation interventions. Specific applications range from groundwater exploitation as a drinking water supply to the remediation of contaminated aquifers, from the definition and safeguarding of drinking-water sources to the assessment of human health risks in connection with groundwater contamination events. The book represents an ideal learning resource for upper-undergraduate and graduate students of civil engineering, environmental engineering, and geology, as well as practitioners in the fields of water resource management and environmental protection who are interested in groundwater engineering and technical hydrogeology.

Download or read book Environmental Pollution and Remediation written by Ram Prasad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-16 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents state-of-the-art environmental remediation processes. Environmental protection and management is a global concern, especially in the context of industrial regions. Over the years, several conventional, engineering-based physicochemical decontamination methods have used in the remediation of polluted sites. However, these methods are expensive and have limited efficiency. Drawing on research and examples from around the world, this book offers a comprehensive review of and insights into green technologies and sustainable remediation alternatives. It discusses the emerging importance of nanotechnology, chemo and biosensors, indicator species, microbe-based remediation of organic compounds, and ex-situ remediation methods. Addressing the growing global need for a holistic overview of the environmental remediation of polluted sites, it will appeal to teachers, researchers, scientists, capacity builders, and policymakers. It also serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of biotechnology and environmental sciences.