Download or read book A Study of the Factors that Affect the Preparation of Activated Carbons from Acorn Shell written by Abdullah J. Almalki and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated carbon is and has been one of the most efficient agents applied in water and wastewater treatment. However, commercially produced activated carbon can be expensive and is normally produced from non-renewable sources. In this study the aim is to generate activated carbon from a renewable and low-cost materials that occur naturally and are generally discarded. Factors studied influencing the efficiency of the activation process included activation temperature (600 °C, and 800 °C), carbonization time (1 hr, and 3 hr), and nitrogen flow rate (200 mL/min, 400 mL/min), impregnation ratio (25% ZnCl2, and 50% ZnCl2) and activation by ZnCl2 as chemical agent. Impregnation ratio refers to the concentration of chemical agent that was used to activate the carbon. The maximum surface area of activated carbon is 557.2 m2/g at 200 mL/min of flow rate, 50% of ZnCl2, 800 °C, and 3 hr of activation time --
Download or read book A Study of the Factors that Affect the Preparation of Activated Carbon from Coconut Shells written by Tahani Abdoh M. Assiri and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is based upon factors affecting the activation of carbon prepared with coconut shells. A thorough literature review has been conducted whereby previous research into the subject is cited, specifically for the case of coconut shells as raw material for carbon activation. The methodology adopted for this research has been detailed, and the corresponding results obtained have been tabled, graphed, and subsequently discussed. Four factors were found to affect the quality of activated carbon produced: namely, inert gas flow rate, impregnation ratio, activation temperature, and activation time. Iodine number, methylene blue number, and surface area were used to evaluate the quality of the prepared samples. Lastly, ANOVA analysis was conducted to observe the influence of each of the four factors on the activated carbon samples. For iodine number, no factor was found to be statistically significant. For methylene blue number, acting agent was found to be significant and surface area was affected by activation temperature --
Download or read book A Study of the Factors that Affect the Preparation of Activated Carbons from Olive Pits written by Abdulaziz Alghamdi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated carbon is a widely used functional material. One of the most significant and resource demanding areas of activated carbon application is wastewater treatment in industry scale. The largest challenge, manufacturers face nowadays is the cost of commercially produced activated carbon. Moreover, the process of activated carbon regeneration is often complicated and cost demanding. The aim of this study is to investigate suitable conditions for production of activated carbon from raw materials, namely - from olive pits. This would provide a profitable methodology of production of activated carbon from the cheap and renewable material. Four factors, known to affect the process of carbon activation were investigated in this study: nitrogen gas flow rate (200 - 400 mL/min), concentration of zinc chloride, as a chemical activator (25 -- 50 %), temperature of activation (600 - 800 °C) and activation time (1.5 - 3 hours). The quality of activation was refereed by comparing specific surface area for each of the factor combinations --
Download or read book A Study of the Factors that Affect the Preparation of Activated Carbons from Corn Husks written by Ahmed Alrashdi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated Carbon is an environment friendly absorbent used in a variety of industrial applications ranging from water purification to supporting catalysts in heavy industrial processes. There are also several ways to produce activated carbon; however it is the cost incurred in producing the activated carbon on a large scale which poses a considerable challenge to manufacturers. Not only the cost, but the conditions and resources needed in order to successfully and commercially produce active ted [sic] carbon is a complicated task in itself. Therefore the aim of this study is to investigate the complexities that exist in the manufacturing of activated carbon. There are many raw material sources used in the manufacturing of activated carbon but the one that will be investigated in this study are corn husks which could prove to be highly feasible due to their abundance and on an average have good carbon content which makes them a suitable choice. Some of the major factors that are known to affect the activation of carbons will also be studied in great detail during this study. These include the nitrogen gas flow rates which has been kept at both 200 mL/min and 400 mL/min during this study, and activation temperatures which has been kept at 600°C and 800°C for the purpose of this study, and the concentration of Zinc Chloride which has been kept at firstly 25% and then at 50% and lastly the impregnation time which has been kept at 1.5 hrs and 3 hrs giving us a total of 16 samples to study. These samples will be subjected to iodine and methylene blue adsorption in order to observe the the [sic] adsorption properties of the samples quantitatively. there [sic] were 4 factors investigated that could have potentially influenced the adsorption capacity and characteristics of the activated carbon that was produced using com husks. These factors were the inert N2 flow rate during carbonization, the concentration of the activating agent ZnCl2, the activation time and the activation temperature. Furthermore there were two criterion chosen for evaluating the adsorption capacity and characteristics which were: the iodine number in order to determine the relative distribution of the micropores which indicate the internal surface area and the methylene blue adsorption number which indicate the relative distribution of the mesopores. Additionally, the BET theory was also applied in order to evaluate the surface area of the activated carbon --
Download or read book Surface Modified Carbons as Scavengers for Fluoride from Water written by Venkataraman Sivasankar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-19 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the problems and feasible remediation of fluoride contamination in groundwater. The book investigates applications of various carbons derived from bio-mass and bio-polymers. It also inquires into surface modified carbons that use inorganic ions to help remove excess fluoride ions in drinking water and wastewater effluents. The compliance of kinetic and isotherm models with fluoride sorption is covered, and the suggested mechanisms of defluoridation by surface modified carbon materials is described.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Adsorption written by M. Douglas LeVan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1080 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Adsorption is the proceedings of the fifth International Conference on the Fundamentals of Adsorption, which was held on May 13-18, 1995 at the Asilomar Conference Center, Pacific Grove, California. This conference was organized completely under the auspices of the International Adsorption Society. It was attended by 196 participants from 24 countries. Members of the Scientific Advisory Board, together with the Conference Committee, selected papers for presentation from a large number of proposals involving an especially high level of international participation. The fundamental aspects of adsorption is a subject which has grown rapidly in recent years, drawing researchers from many disciplines including materials science, chemistry, physics, biochemistry and biotechnology, and chemical, civil, mechanical and environmental engineering. Fundamentals of Adsorption serves as an excellent reference and may be used as a primary text for a graduate level course on adsorption research or as a secondary text for a course on any of the disciplines mentioned above.
Download or read book Factors Affecting the Pore Development in Preparing Highly Porous Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell and Coconut Shell Using Chemical Activation Method written by Mohammad Adil and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Study the Effect of Preparation Conditions of Activated Carbon from Palm Shell for Methane Adsorption written by A. Arami-Niya and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Study of the Factors Affecting the Adsorption of Gold on Activated Carbon written by K. Ofori-Ansah and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Materials Science and Engineering of Carbon written by Michio Inagaki and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-06-07 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials Science and Engineering of Carbon: Characterization discusses 12 characterization techniques, focusing on their application to carbon materials, including X-ray diffraction, X-ray small-angle scattering, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, image analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, magnetoresistance, electrochemical performance, pore structure analysis, thermal analyses, and quantification of functional groups. Each contributor in the book has worked on carbon materials for many years, and their background and experience will provide guidance on the development and research of carbon materials and their further applications. - Focuses on characterization techniques for carbon materials - Authored by experts who are considered specialists in their respective techniques - Presents practical results on various carbon materials, including fault results, which will help readers understand the optimum conditions for the characterization of carbon materials
Download or read book Activated Carbon Adsorption written by Roop Chand Bansal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-05-24 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High surface area, a microporous structure, and a high degree of surface reactivity make activated carbons versatile adsorbents, particularly effective in the adsorption of organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solutions. Activated Carbon Adsorption introduces the parameters and mechanisms involved in the activated carbon adsorption
Download or read book Functional Coatings for Biomedical Energy and Environmental Applications written by Raj K. Arya and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-10-22 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understand functional coatings and their role in three key industries of the future Functional coatings play a huge range of roles in industries from automotive to aerospace to electronic and beyond. They offer protection, performance enhancement, corrosion resistance, self-cleaning properties, and more. Recent developments in the field have allowed for ever more precise optimization of functional coatings, with the result that demand for these key tools is only likely to increase. Functional Coatings for Biomedical, Energy, and Environmental Applications offers a comprehensive overview of these coatings and their applications in three explosively productive industries. A team of expert contributors provides chapters analyzing the latest developments in this growing area of production, with a particular focus on the dynamic relationship between functional coatings and their many applications. The result is an interdisciplinary text which will serve as an essential resource for researchers and industry professionals worldwide. Readers will also find: Analysis of functional coatings for dental implants, pool boilers, solar cells, and many more Detailed discussion of coating properties including superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, controlled drug release, and more Key contributions to the great environmental challenges of the twenty-first century This book is a must-own for researchers in chemistry, engineering, energy, materials science, and more, as well as for industry professionals working with coating and other aspects of research and development in biomedical, energy, or environmental industries.
Download or read book Combined and Hybrid Adsorbents written by José M. Loureiro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-03 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book follows up an Advanced Research Workshop dedicated to the subject of adsorption. It presents an up-to-date review of the latest achievements in the synthesis, characterization and applications of hybrid organic-inorganic materials and of carbon and combined adsorbents. The modeling of the adsorption process, including the simulation of carbon masks used for both civil and military protection purposes is also addressed. Includes applications in environmental, military and post-disaster situations.
Download or read book Handbook of Carbon Graphite Diamonds and Fullerenes written by Hugh O. Pierson and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a review of the science and technology of the element carbon and its allotropes: graphite, diamond and the fullerenes. This field has expanded greatly in the last three decades stimulated by many major discoveries such as carbon fibers, low-pressure diamond, and the fullerenes. The need for such a book has been felt for some time. These carbon materials are very different in structure and properties. Some are very old (charcoal), others brand new (the fullerenes). They have different applications and markets and are produced by different segments of the industry.Few studies are available that attempt to review the entire field of carbon as a whole discipline. Moreover these studies were written several decades ago and a generally outdated since the development of the technology is moving very rapidly and scope of applications is constantly expanding and reaching into new fields such as aerospace, automotive, semiconductors, optics, and electronics. In this book the author provides a valuable, up-to-date account of both the newer and traditional forms of carbon, both naturally occurring and man-made. This volume will be a valuable resource for both specialists in, and occasional users of carbon materials.
Download or read book Characterization of Porous Solids written by H. Kral and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1988-04-01 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of porosity has long been recognized by scientists and engineers. Porous solids are widely encountered in industry and everyday life and their behaviour, e.g. chemical reactivity, adsorptive capacity, and catalytic activity is dependent on their pore structure. A considerable amount of work on porous solids has been undertaken both in academic and in industrial laboratories. However, all this activity is in urgent need of a critical appraisal. To undertake this task, a number of leading experts in the field of adsorption, porosimetry, X-ray and neutron scattering, optical and electron microscopy, calorimetry and fluid permeation, were brought together at the 1987 IUPAC (COPS I) Symposium.This proceedings volume provides an up-to-date overall review of the theoretical foundations for modelling and characterizing porous systems. It deals with most of the techniques in current use as applied to both model systems and porous solids of industrial importance. The reader will find the description and discussion of a number of novel techniques as well as a critical appraisal and comparison of the more established methods. All those concerned with the characterization of porous solids in academic and industrial laboratories will find much to interest them in this volume. It should be on the bookshelf of applied research centres involved in adsorption, catalysis, purification of gases and liquids, pigments, fillers, building materials, etc.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Tree Ring Research written by James H. Speer and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive text addresses all of the subjects that a reader who is new to the field will need to know and will be a welcome reference for practitioners at all levels. It includes a history of the discipline, biological and ecological background, principles of the field, basic scientific information on the structure and growth of trees, the complete range of dendrochronology methods, and a full description of each of the relevant subdisciplines.
Download or read book Sustainability in the Textile Industry written by Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-14 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines in detail key aspects of sustainability in the textile industry, especially environmental, social and economic sustainability in the textiles and clothing sector. It highlights the various faces and facets of sustainability and their implications for textiles and the clothing sector.
