Download or read book A Search for Ultra High Energy Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays with ANITA 2 written by Matthew Joseph Mottram and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-10 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The winner of UCL's annual HEP thesis prize, this work describes an analysis of the data from the second flight of the Antarctica Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA). ANITA is a balloon-borne experiment that searches for radio signals originating from ultra-high energy neutrinos and cosmic rays interacting with the Antarctic ice or air. The search for ultrahigh energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin is one of the outstanding experimental challenges of the 21st century. The ANITA experiment was designed to be the most sensitive instrument to ultra-high energy neutrinos that originate from the interactions of cosmic rays with the cosmic microwave background. The methodology and results of the neutrino and cosmic ray searches are presented in the thesis.

Download or read book A Search for Astrophysical Ultra High Energy Neutrinos with the ANITA IV Experiment written by Peng Cao and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) is a balloon-based experiment designed to search for ultra-high energy(UHE) neutrinos and cosmic rays in Antarctica. A successful detection would be an important step in understanding the most energetic cosmic accelerators in the universe. The fourth flight of ANITA (ANITA-IV) funded by NASA took place in December 2016. It uses a radio antenna array designed to detect Askaryan radiation from UHE neutrino-induced showers in ice and geomagnetic radiation from Extensive Air Showers (EAS) induced by cosmic rays.

Download or read book High Energy Neutrinos from Gamma Ray Bursts Theoretical Predictions Experimental Searches and Prospects for Detection written by Oindree Banerjee and published by Oindree Banerjee. This book was released on 2020-10-23 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most luminous transient events in the observed Universe. However, there is no direct observational evidence for what exactly drives a GRB. The most widely accepted model for these cosmic events is the fireball model where it is thought that a substantial fraction of the kinetic energy of the source is converted to gamma-radiation by shock accelerated electrons emitting synchrotron and inverse-Compton radiation. The acceleration of protons in the gamma-ray emitting region of the GRB has been hypothesized as well. In this hadronic acceleration model, it is predicted that protons may interact with gamma-ray photons to produce a burst of neutrinos at energy ∼10^14 eV during prompt emission and energy ∼10^18 eV during afterglow emission. Several experimental searches for these high energy neutrinos have been conducted and no GRB neutrinos have yet been found. The analytical prediction for neutrino flux has been replaced with a more thorough numerical prediction for neutrino flux. The neutron model of GRBs, where only neutrons can escape the GRB and reach Earth as cosmic rays, has been ruled out by the experimental work of IceCube and ANTARES. Upgraded versions of current experiments such as IceCube, ANTARES, ANITA and ARA, as well as new experiments such as KM3NeT, are preparing to probe and further constrain the fireball paradigm of GRB neutrino production. This review includes: Introduction Early theoretical predictions for neutrino fluences due to GRBs Overview of high energy neutrino experiments and related physics Experimental searches for high energy neutrinos from GRBs Prospects for detection of high energy neutrinos from GRBs High Energy Neutrinos from Gamma Ray Bursts: Theoretical Predictions, Experimental Searches, and Prospects for Detection was originally written as a review submitted for my Ph.D. candidacy paper on Nov 23, 2015. It has been edited for a "Short Read" on Amazon Kindle Direct Publishing in Oct 2020. It is a public domain work. Special thanks to the Connolly group at Ohio State University (OSU) and the physics and astronomy departments at OSU. Moreover, I am grateful for the contribution of each and every scientist and author listed in the "References" section of this review. This review would not be possible without their published science and hard work. Please let me know if you find any mistakes or problems, I will fix it. My email is [email protected]. I am happy for this to be a living document. I am anxious to improve it but feel that it needs to be out at this point before that can happen.

Download or read book High Energy Astrophysical Neutrinos written by Debanjan Bose and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-07 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a pedagogical introduction to the likely sources of these neutrinos, their propagation and detection mechanisms. Detection of high energy neutrinos of extragalactic origin has led to an interdisciplinary field of research, involving astronomy, astrophysics and particle physics. An extensive review of various detectors and the observations is provided that consolidates the latest findings. Above a few tens of TeVs, neutrinos are conceived as more reliable messengers for astronomy than photons as these photons get absorbed in the background photon field. Determining the neutrino spectrum not only helps in exploring astrophysical objects like AGN, GRB, etc. but also allows us to study particle physics at unprecedented energies. This introductory book is intended to help advanced undergraduate and graduate students to get into the subject with ease, and it simultaneously caters to practicing theoretical or experimental physicists as a reference book.

Download or read book A Search for Ultra High Energy Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays with Anita 2 written by Springer and published by . This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Search for Ultra high Energy Cosmic Neutrinos written by Sam Stafford and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra-high Energy (UHE) neutrinos represent an increasingly important messenger in astronomy and astrophysics. The Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) experiment campaign utilizes a balloon-borne phased antenna array to detect coherent Cherenkov radio-frequency pulses induced by UHE neutrinos interacting with the Antarctic ice. We analyzed the data from the third ANITA flight (ANITA-III) for evidence of Ultra-high energy neutrinos by augmenting interferometric methods used in analyses of previous ANITA flights. Continuous wave (CW) radio content from ground-based Antarctic habitations and orbiting geostationary communications satellites interferes with the detection and analysis of neutrino-induced radio signals; we developed circular polarization analysis methods to facilitate improved rejection of false positives induced by satellite CW. We also developed new methods of calculating signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of event waveforms, and enhanced event localization by applying a probability distribution function (PDF) based on the measured resolution of our interferometry. We developed a final linear discriminant cut for rejecting thermal and anthropogenic signals by dividing the continent into equal-area bins and optimizing the cut to each individual bin, so as to obtain the strongest possible the upper limit on cosmic neutrino flux.

Download or read book Studies in Particle Astrophysics with the ANITA Experiment written by Oindree Banerjee and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) is a NASA long-duration balloon experiment with the primary goal of detecting ultra-high-energy ($>10^{18}\,\mbox{eV}$) neutrinos via the Askaryan Effect. In the fourth ANITA mission, the Tunable Universal Filter Frontend (TUFF) boards were deployed for mitigation of narrow-band, anthropogenic noise with tunable, switchable notch filters. They contributed to a factor of 2.8 higher total instrument livetime in ANITA-4 compared to ANITA-3. A search for a diffuse flux of ultra-high-energy neutrinos was conducted using the data collected during the ANITA-3 flight with a new approach where the Antarctic ice area is sectioned off into bins and a search is performed with different thresholds in different bins. The binned analysis methods were extended to the development of a search for neutrinos from Gamma Ray Bursts, implementing constraints in time, and for the first time, in direction. Lower analysis thresholds were achieved in a feasibility search even when extending the search to include longer afterglow periods.

Download or read book A Search for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays with ANITA 3 written by Ben Strutt and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Search for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays with ANITA 3 written by B. A. F. Strutt and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book New Limits on the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Neutrino Flux from the ANITA Experiment written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We report initial results of the first flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA-1) 2006-2007 Long Duration Balloon flight, which searched for evidence of a diffuse flux of cosmic neutrinos above energies of E{sub v} = 3 x 1018 eV. ANITA-1 flew for 35 days looking for radio impulses due to the Askaryan effect in neutrino-induced electromagnetic showers within the Antarctic ice sheets. We report here on our initial analysis, which was performed as a blind search of the data. No neutrino candidates are seen, with no detected physics background. We set model-independent limits based on this result. Upper limits derived from our analysis rule out the highest cosmogenic neutrino models. In a background horizontal-polarization channel, we also detect six events consistent with radio impulses from ultrahigh energy extensive air showers.

Download or read book Ultra High Energy Hadron and Neutrino Astrophysics written by Peter K. F. Grieder and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2025-06-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra-High Energy Hadron and Neutrino Astrophysics covers ultrahigh energy neutrino and hadron astronomy in the context of the search for the sources of the highest energy cosmic rays. It gives a broad and solid background for the newcomer to this field of research in the first few chapters, beginning with a comprehensive review of the evolution of astronomy, the present status of our knowledge on the cosmic radiation, discusses the interactions that are relevant for the propagation and detection of the cosmic radiation in space, in the atmosphere, and in the Earth's crust. The phenomenon of extensive air showers as a tool of hadron astronomy, spectral and compositional aspects of the high energy primary radiation, and the status of the anisotropy are treated comprehensively. This is followed by chapters on the interpretation of cosmic ray phenomena at high energies, and on the propagation of the cosmic radiation through galactic and extragalactic space. The subsequent chapters focus on the properties of muons and neutrinos, on the atmospheric neutrino background, and on astrophysical (cosmogenic) neutrinos. The basic detection principles are discussed and the different giant detector systems presented, including environmental aspects and background problems. The major experiments, in particular the successful IceCube experiment at Antarctica, are described and their results and interpretations discussed. - Provides a historic review of the field, summarizing the evolution of all branches of astronomy - Provides a broad introduction to ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and high-energy astrophysical neutrinos - Covers the prerequisites for students in UHE neutrino and hadron astronomy, and astrophysics - Includes numerous figures and graphs to support the text - Features a list of over 1500 references and an extensive subject index

Download or read book Neutrinos and Explosive Events in the Universe written by Maurice M. Shapiro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-26 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Neutrinos and Explosive Events in the Universe” brought together experts from diverse disciplines to offer a detailed view of the exciting new work in this part of High Energy Astrophysics. Sponsored by NATO as an Advanced Study Institute, and coordinated under the auspices of the International School of Cosmic Ray Astrophysics (14th biennial course), the ASI featured a full program of lectures and discussion in the ambiance of the Ettore Majorana Centre in Erice, Italy, including visits to the local Dirac and Chalonge museum collections as well as a view of the cultural heritage of southern Sicily. Enri- ment presentations on results from the Spitzer Infrared Space Telescope and the Origin of Complexity complemented the program. This course was the best attended in the almost 30 year history of the School with 121 participants from 22 countries. The program provided a rich ex- rience, both introductory and advanced, to fascinating areas of observational Astrophysics Neutrino Astronomy, High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy, P- ticle Astrophysics and the objects most likely responsible for the signals - plosions and related phenomena, ranging from Supernovae to Black Holes to the Big Bang. Contained in this NATO Science Series volume is a summative formulation of the physics and astrophysics of this newly emerging research area that already has been, and will continue to be, an important contributor to understanding our high energy universe.

Download or read book Neutrino Astrophysics with the ANTARES Telescope written by Vladimir Kulikovskiy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-22 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is devoted to ANTARES, the first underwater neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean sea. As the main scientific analysis, a search for high-energy neutrino emission from the region of the Fermi bubbles has been performed using data from the ANTARES detector. A method for the background estimation using off-zones has been developed specially for this measurement. A new likelihood for the limits calculation which treats both observations in the on-zone and in the off-zone in the similar way and also includes different systematic uncertainties has been constructed. The analysis of 2008–2011 ANTARES data yielded a 1.2 σ excess of events in the Fermi bubble regions, compatible with the no-signal hypothesis. For the optimistic case of no energy cutoff in the flux, the upper limit is within a factor of three of the prediction of the purely hadronic model based on the measured gamma-ray flux. The sensitivity improves as more data are accumulated (more than 65% gain in the sensitivity is expected once 2012–2016 data are added to the analysis).

Download or read book Neutrinos in Physics and Astrophysics written by P. Langacker and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrinos are the central thread in the study of many aspects of particle physics and astrophysics. Neutrino interactions test the standard electroweak theory and its TeV scale extensions, and examine the structure of the nucleon and of the CKM matrix. Searches for neutrino mass and other intrinsic properties probe new physics at very short distance scales. The weak interactions of neutrinos imply for them a unique role in studying the early universe, the core of the Sun, type II supernovae, and active galactic nuclei, and suggest the possibility of small neutrino masses contributing to the missing matter in the Universe, especially on very large distance scales.

Download or read book Astrophysics At Ultra high Energies Proceedings Of The 15th Course Of The International School Of Cosmic Ray Astrophysics written by Maurice M Shapiro and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007-11-22 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces young researchers to the exciting field of ultra-high energy astrophysics including charged particles, gamma rays and neutrinos. At ultra-high energy the radiation is produced by interactions of cosmic ray particles accelerated in explosive events such as supernovae or hypernovae, black holes or, possibly, the big bang. Through direct contact with senior scientists, now actively planning the next generation of experiments/models, the excitement and motivation for research at ultra-high energy was conveyed. The underpinning of these fields is a synthesis of knowledge and techniques from nuclear and particle physics, astronomy and cosmology. Informing the participants of this background, how it was derived, and the new challenges for the future are the major goal. Further, the course has helped to foster new astrophysical research and promoted contacts, which have resulted in new collaborations.

Download or read book Optimization of a Search for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos in Four Years of Data of ARA Station 2 written by Brian A. Clark and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looking forward, as ARA further accumulates livetime, and our analysis efficiency improves, we anticipate being able to set world-leading limits above approximately 10 EeV by 2022. With next generation neutrino telescopes coming online---e.g., RNO, IceCube-Gen2, PUEO, etc.---along with other observatories like aLIGO, LSST, and HAWC, we anticipate an exciting next decade for the field of multimessenger astronomy.

Download or read book Neutrino Astronomy Current Status Future Prospects written by Thomas K Gaisser and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review volume is motivated by the recent discovery of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by IceCube. The aim of the book is to bring together chapters on the status of current and future neutrino observatories with chapters on the implications and possible interpretations of the present observations and their upper limits. Each chapter is a mini-review of one aspect of the subject by leading experts. Taken together, the chapters constitute an up-to-date review of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos and their potential sources.