Download or read book A Real time Obstacle Detection Vision System for Autonomous High Speed Robots written by Scott A. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes a real-time obstacle detection system for automobile-class robots using 3D point clouds generated from a commercial stereo camera pair. This approach is geared towards autonomous vehicle navigation for unstructured prescribed outdoor environments (e.g., off-road) as defined by the DARPA Grand Challenge, but will also work on structured environments (i.e., roads). The obstacle detection algorithms use various slope and elevation calculations to determine the presence of a non-passable area. Unlike many previous systems that assume that the path is a flat surface, this system also performs well on non-flat surfaces, which is a requirement for off-road conditions. Calculations are done in relative space using a grid system to map out traversable and nontraversable grid coordinates. Algorithms are developed to filter out erroneous points and extract features from the 3D point cloud for object classification for areas of limited texture. The overall system has been tested at speeds up to 30mph (14m/s) on the University of Louisiana's CajunBot II (Jeep Wrangler) robot.
Download or read book Knowledge Based Vision Guided Robots written by Nick Barnes and published by Physica. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many robotics researchers consider high-level vision algorithms (computational) too expensive for use in robot guidance. This book introduces the reader to an alternative approach to perception for autonomous, mobile robots. It explores how to apply methods of high-level computer vision and fuzzy logic to the guidance and control of the mobile robot. The book introduces a knowledge-based approach to vision modeling for robot guidance, where advantage is taken of constraints of the robot's physical structure, the tasks it performs, and the environments it works in. This facilitates high-level computer vision algorithms such as object recognition at a speed that is sufficient for real-time navigation. The texts presents algorithms that exploit these constraints at all levels of vision, from image processing to model construction and matching, as well as shape recovery. These algorithms are demonstrated in the navigation of a wheeled mobile robot.
Download or read book Vision for Robotics written by Danica Kragic and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robot vision refers to the capability of a robot to visually perceive the environment and use this information for execution of various tasks. Visual feedback has been used extensively for robot navigation and obstacle avoidance. In the recent years, there are also examples that include interaction with people and manipulation of objects. In this paper, we review some of the work that goes beyond of using artificial landmarks and fiducial markers for the purpose of implementing visionbased control in robots. We discuss different application areas, both from the systems perspective and individual problems such as object tracking and recognition.
Download or read book Intelligent Autonomous Systems written by Ulrich Rembold and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents the proceedings of a conference on intelligent autonomous systems. Papers contribute solutions to the task of designing autonomous systems that are capable of operating independently of a human in partially structured and unstructured environments. For specific application, these systems should also learn from their actions in order to improve and optimize planning and execution of new tasks.
Download or read book A High performance Vision System for Obstacle Detection written by Todd A. Williamson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "I have developed a method for obstacle detection in a highway environment using the CMU Video Rate Multi-Baseline Stereo Machine. One key feature of this method is the computation and output of a confidence measure at each pixel, so that regions of the scene with low reliability can be recognized and filtered out. This method has proven to be capable of detecting 30cm high obstacles at distances of close to 100m. Unfortunately, the system requires significant of post-processing of the output data from the CMU stereo machine, and therefore cannot be run in real-time. Additionally, the design of the CMU stereo machine imposes several limitations on the system, both computationally (limited resolution, speed, and programmability) and practically (large size, cost, power consumption). I propose to construct a system, consisting of both hardware and software, to perform this obstacle detection task in real-time. In the process, I will develop a general-purpose stereo vision machine that improves upon the state-of-the-art. Furthermore, I will show that the system can perform obstacle detection in real-world environments and thus improve vehicle safety."
Download or read book Intelligent Robotics and Applications written by Ming Xie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-14 with total page 1315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The market demands for skills, knowledge and personalities have positioned robotics as an important field in both engineering and science. To meet these challenging - mands, robotics has already seen its success in automating many industrial tasks in factories. And, a new era will come for us to see a greater success of robotics in n- industrial environments. In anticipating a wider deployment of intelligent and auto- mous robots for tasks such as manufacturing, eldercare, homecare, edutainment, search and rescue, de-mining, surveillance, exploration, and security missions, it is necessary for us to push the frontier of robotics into a new dimension, in which motion and intelligence play equally important roles. After the success of the inaugural conference, the purpose of the Second Inter- tional Conference on Intelligent Robotics and Applications was to provide a venue where researchers, scientists, engineers and practitioners throughout the world could come together to present and discuss the latest achievement, future challenges and exciting applications of intelligent and autonomous robots. In particular, the emphasis of this year’s conference was on “robot intelligence for achieving digital manufact- ing and intelligent automations. ” This volume of Springer’s Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Computer Science contains accepted papers presented at ICIRA 2009, held in Singapore, December 16–18, 2009. On the basis of the reviews and recommendations by the international Program Committee members, we decided to accept 128 papers having technical novelty, out of 173 submissions received from different parts of the world.
Download or read book Robust Perception from Optical Sensors for Reactive Behaviors in Autonomous Robotic Vehicles written by Alexander Schaub and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-18 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alexander Schaub examines how a reactive instinctive behavior, similar to instinctive reactions as incorporated by living beings, can be achieved for intelligent mobile robots to extend the classic reasoning approaches. He identifies possible applications for reactive approaches, as they enable a fast response time, increase robustness and have a high abstraction ability, even though reactive methods are not universally applicable. The chosen applications are obstacle avoidance and relative positioning – which can also be utilized for navigation – and a combination of both. The implementation of reactive instinctive behaviors for the identified tasks is then validated in simulation together with real world experiments.
Download or read book High speed Obstacle Detection for Automated Highway Applications written by John A. Hancock and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "Highway obstacle detection is a challenging problem. Highways present an unknown and dynamic environment with real-time constraints. In addition, the high speeds of travel force a system to detect objects at long ranges. Although there are a number of methods that can successfully detect moving vehicles, the more difficult problem of finding small, static road debris such as tires or crates remains unsolved. Systems such as the Automated Highway System (AHS) which demand high levels of safety are not feasible unless these critical problems are addressed. Although the problem of detecting static obstacles has been tackled in both the cross-country and indoor mobile robot navigation literature, these systems have operated at low speeds (5-10 mph or less) and short range. This thesis will improve on the current state-of-the-art, by demonstrating how small static road debris can be safely detected at long distances and high speeds. In particular, it will focus on using two sensor modalities: laser reflectance and stereo vision. Laser reflectance, to our knowledge, has not been used for obstacle detection before. The thesis will show that reliable detection can be achieved by using the right methods (sensitive enough) and the right models (no more complicated than necessary) for both road and sensor. We will develop two detection systems, laser and stereo-based, which can detect 20 cm high obstacles at 60 meters. The first system uses laser intensity to provide a more direct means of measuring surface orientation than traditional laser range-based processing: vertical obstacles should provide stronger laser returns than the horizontal road. The second system proposed is a predictive, model- based stereo method. Accurate modeling of the road and CCD sensor will enable obstacle detection without expensive 3-D reconstruction."
Download or read book Feature relative Real time Obstacle Avoidance and Mapping written by Jacques Chadwick Leedekerken and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A substantial challenge in robotics is integration of complex software systems for real- time performance. This thesis integrates the robust and generic mapping framework Atlas, a feature-based local Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) module, and obstacle avoidance using information from mapped features. The resulting system performs autonomous feature-relative Real-time Obstacle Avoidance and Mapping (ROAM) with laser or sonar range sensors, and results are shown for wide-beam sonar. This system will allow high-speed feature-relative obstacle and avoidance and navigation on mobile robots with wide-beam sonar and/or laser sensors.
Download or read book Agile Autonomy Learning High Speed Vision Based Flight written by Antonio Loquercio and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-24 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the astonishing potential of deep sensorimotor policies for agile vision-based quadrotor flight. Quadrotors are among the most agile and dynamic machines ever created. However, developing fully autonomous quadrotors that can approach or even outperform the agility of birds or human drone pilots with only onboard sensing and computing is challenging and still unsolved. Deep sensorimotor policies, generally trained in simulation, enable autonomous quadrotors to fly faster and more agile than what was possible before. While humans and birds still have the advantage over drones, the author shows the current research gaps and discusses possible future solutions.
Download or read book Intelligent Autonomous Systems 7 written by Maria Gini and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of the Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems (IAS-7) was to exchange and stimulate research ideas that make future robots and systems more intelligent and autonomous. This volume of proceedings contains 71 technical papers by authors from 15 countries.
Download or read book Vision Based Autonomous Robot Navigation written by Amitava Chatterjee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is devoted to the theory and development of autonomous navigation of mobile robots using computer vision based sensing mechanism. The conventional robot navigation systems, utilizing traditional sensors like ultrasonic, IR, GPS, laser sensors etc., suffer several drawbacks related to either the physical limitations of the sensor or incur high cost. Vision sensing has emerged as a popular alternative where cameras can be used to reduce the overall cost, maintaining high degree of intelligence, flexibility and robustness. This book includes a detailed description of several new approaches for real life vision based autonomous navigation algorithms and SLAM. It presents the concept of how subgoal based goal-driven navigation can be carried out using vision sensing. The development concept of vision based robots for path/line tracking using fuzzy logic is presented, as well as how a low-cost robot can be indigenously developed in the laboratory with microcontroller based sensor systems. The book describes successful implementation of integration of low-cost, external peripherals, with off-the-shelf procured robots. An important highlight of the book is that it presents a detailed, step-by-step sample demonstration of how vision-based navigation modules can be actually implemented in real life, under 32-bit Windows environment. The book also discusses the concept of implementing vision based SLAM employing a two camera based system.
Download or read book Robotic Computing on FPGAs written by Shaoshan Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a thorough overview of the state-of-the-art field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based robotic computing accelerator designs and summarizes their adopted optimized techniques. This book consists of ten chapters, delving into the details of how FPGAs have been utilized in robotic perception, localization, planning, and multi-robot collaboration tasks. In addition to individual robotic tasks, this book provides detailed descriptions of how FPGAs have been used in robotic products, including commercial autonomous vehicles and space exploration robots.
Download or read book Computer Vision Systems written by Dimitrios Tzovaras and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-22 with total page 799 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Vision Systems, ICVS 2019, held in Thessaloniki, Greece, in September 2019. The 72 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 114 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections; hardware accelerated and real time vision systems; robotic vision; vision systems applications; high-level and learning vision systems; cognitive vision systems; movement analytics and gesture recognition for human-machine collaboration in industry; cognitive and computer vision assisted systems for energy awareness and behavior analysis; and vision-enabled UAV and counter UAV technologies for surveillance and security of critical infrastructures.
Download or read book Scanning Technologies for Autonomous Systems written by Julio C. Rodríguez-Quiñonez and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Active Perception and Robot Vision written by Arun K. Sood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 747 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intelligent robotics has become the focus of extensive research activity. This effort has been motivated by the wide variety of applications that can benefit from the developments. These applications often involve mobile robots, multiple robots working and interacting in the same work area, and operations in hazardous environments like nuclear power plants. Applications in the consumer and service sectors are also attracting interest. These applications have highlighted the importance of performance, safety, reliability, and fault tolerance. This volume is a selection of papers from a NATO Advanced Study Institute held in July 1989 with a focus on active perception and robot vision. The papers deal with such issues as motion understanding, 3-D data analysis, error minimization, object and environment modeling, object detection and recognition, parallel and real-time vision, and data fusion. The paradigm underlying the papers is that robotic systems require repeated and hierarchical application of the perception-planning-action cycle. The primary focus of the papers is the perception part of the cycle. Issues related to complete implementations are also discussed.
Download or read book Intelligent active vision systems for robots written by Erik Valdemar Cuevas Jiménez and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2007-01-08 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, an active vision system is developed which is based on image strategy. The image based control structure uses the optical flow algorithm for motion detection of an object in a visual scene. Because the optical flow is very sensitive to changes in illumination or to the quality of the video, it was necessary to use median filtering and erosion and dilatation morphological operations for the decrease of erroneous blobs residing in individual frames. Since the image coordinates of the object are subjected to noise, the Kalman filtering technique is adopted for robust estimation. A fuzzy controller based on the fuzzy condensed algorithm allows real time work for each captured frame. Finally, the proposed active vision system has been simulated in the development/simulation environment Matlab/Simulink.
