Download or read book A Novel Lidar Ceilometer written by Joshua D. Vande Hey and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-19 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, a new lidar (light detection and ranging) ceilometer capable of monitoring cloud base and sensitive to boundary layer aerosols is introduced. The key to this novelty lies in its divided-lens design that addresses a classical lidar problem of balancing transmitter-receiver overlap and signal-to-noise ratio, along with a method for characterizing overlap in the laboratory. Enhanced sensitivity in the near-range of the instrument is achieved without compromising signal-to-noise in a design that is straightforward to manufacture for broad deployment. The instrument, its optical characterization, and its performance in the field are described. The prototype instrument described here has since formed the basis of a commercial sensor for monitoring clouds and aerosols. High-resolution, continuous observations of clouds and aerosols are needed to reduce the large uncertainties in our current understanding of their influence on climate that have been highlighted by the International Panel on Climate Change. And as international health organizations indicate growing public health threats over the coming decades resulting from poor air quality, extensive aerosol monitoring is required to assess personal exposure to and the health impacts of anthropogenic particulates. Ground-based optical remote sensing measurements made by well-characterized instruments, such as that described in these pages, are critical to this.
Download or read book Design Implementation and Characterisation of a Novel Lidar Ceilometer written by Joshua D. Vande Hey and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel lidar ceilometer prototype based on divided lens optics has been designed, built, characterised, and tested. The primary applications for this manufacturable ground-based sensor are the determination of cloud base height and the measurement of vertical visibility. First, the design, which was developed in order to achieve superior performance at a low cost, is described in detail, along with the process used to develop it. The primary design considerations of optical signal to noise ratio, range-dependent overlap of the transmitter and receiver channels, and manufacturability, were balanced to develop an instrument with good signal to noise ratio, fast turn-on of overlap for detection of close range returns, and a minimised number of optical components and simplicity of assembly for cost control purposes. Second, a novel imaging method for characterisation of transmitter-receiver overlap as a function of range is described and applied to the instrument. The method is validated by an alternative experimental method and a geometric calculation that is specific to the unique geometry of the instrument. These techniques allow the calibration of close range detection sensitivity in order to acquire information prior to full overlap. Finally, signal processing methods used to automate the detection process are described. A novel two-part cloud base detection algorithm has been developed which combines extinction-derived visibility thresholds in the inverted cloud return signal with feature detection on the raw signal. In addition, standard approaches for determination of visibility based on an iterative far boundary inversion method, and calibration of attenuated backscatter profile using returns from a fully-attenuating water cloud, have been applied to the prototype. The prototype design, characterisation, and signal processing have been shown to be appropriate for implementation into a commercial instrument. The work that has been carried out provides a platform upon which a wide range of further work can be built.
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements written by Thomas Foken and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 1761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical handbook provides a clearly structured, concise and comprehensive account of the huge variety of atmospheric and related measurements relevant to meteorologists and for the purpose of weather forecasting and climate research, but also to the practitioner in the wider field of environmental physics and ecology. The Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements is divided into six parts: The first part offers instructive descriptions of the basics of atmospheric measurements and the multitude of their influencing factors, fundamentals of quality control and standardization, as well as equations and tables of atmospheric, water, and soil quantities. The subsequent parts present classical in-situ measurements as well as remote sensing techniques from both ground-based as well as airborn or satellite-based methods. The next part focusses on complex measurements and methods that integrate different techniques to establish more holistic data. Brief discussions of measurements in soils and water, at plants, in urban and rural environments and for renewable energies demonstrate the potential of such applications. The final part provides an overview of atmospheric and ecological networks. Written by distinguished experts from academia and industry, each of the 64 chapters provides in-depth discussions of the available devices with their specifications, aspects of quality control, maintenance as well as their potential for the future. A large number of thoroughly compiled tables of physical quantities, sensors and system characteristics make this handbook a unique, universal and useful reference for the practitioner and absolutely essential for researchers, students, and technicians.
Download or read book Evaluation of Sperry Lidar Ceilometer Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multi purposeful Application of Geospatial Data written by Rustam B. Rustamov and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-05-09 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is dedicated toward space technology application in Earth studies based on the use of a variety of methods for satellite information classification and interpretation. Advantages of geospatial data use in a large-scale area of observation and monitoring as a source of decision-making stage have been demonstrated. The book describes navigation systems providing data estimation method and review of existing data in the literature relevant to remote sensing sensors delivering main information electromagnetic spectrum and a variety of sensor applications. This aspect is important when combining/integrating satellite data processing into the field measurements. Satellites and satellite data application for the study of Earth features have been demonstrated as the next step of geospatial data application. The use of different purposeful processing technology applications of satellite data is one of the vital aspects of space technology advances. The use of GNSS GPS technology in industry and MODIS images and data interpretation for agriculture purposes has been presented. It was the aim of the book to create an attractive environment by presenting space technology application in the wide areas of Earth study. For this purpose, some of the book chapters are dedicated toward space technology advances in climate monitoring, natural disaster factor detection, satellite data processing optimization, and GIS technology for meteorology information with the aim of agriculture developments.
Download or read book Laser Ceilometers written by Eugene Y. Moroz and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results of test and evaluation of two laser ceilometers, by AFCRL, are presented and discussed. A test program was initiated in 1970 to evaluate the applicability of lasers to determine cloud height for navigational guidance. The approach was to study the characteristics of laser ceilometers, and to determine how the cloud return data obtained from these systems compare with data generated by the standard Air Force rotating beam ceilometer (RBC). Two laser ceilometers were tested. One was a ruby system manufactured by ASEA of Sweden, and the other was a prototype eye-safe erbium lidar developed by the American Optical Corporation, Framingham, Massachusetts. Data comparisons show that lidars produce the same type of cloud height information as the RBC. The lidars tested have a significantly greater ranging capability than the RBC and provide more cloud structure information. It was concluded that lidars are potentially superior to the standard rotating beam ceilometer as cloud height measuring devices. (Author).
Download or read book Measurement of Cloud Height written by Eugene Y. Moroz and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new evaluation of a ruby lidar ceilometer was performed at AFCRL as part of a program to evaluate the applicability of lasers to determine cloud height for airfield use. Comparitive measurements of cloud height were made with a standard Air Force rotating beam ceilometer (RBC). Examination of the test results shows the lidar indicates an accurate presentation of cloud structure. The RBC cloud return is affected by its geometry and by multiple scatter in the cloud. As a result, the measurement is not a true representation of cloud structure. These effects also bias the RBC to indicate higher cloud heights. However, the difference in cloud heights as measured by the two systems is not significant. Therefore, it is concluded that the lidar is a superior cloud height measuring device and both techniques provide operationally useful indications of cloud height. (Author).
Download or read book Integrated Ground Based Observing Systems written by Domenico Cimini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-15 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a collection of the lectures delivered during the 7th International Summer School on Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (ISSAOS) titled “Integrated Ground-Based Observing Systems Applications for Climate, Meteorology, and Civil Protection”. Its aim is to contribute to the scientific understanding of basic concepts and applications of integrated ground-based observing systems. The first part describes the most common instrumentations showing their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, strategic plans for the deployment of an observation site are discussed along with an overview of techniques for integrating heterogeneous data. The second part introduces cutting-edge applications, including assimilation in numerical weather prediction, climate benchmarking, air quality monitoring and meteo/hydrological warnings.
Download or read book Lidar written by Claus Weitkamp and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2006-06-03 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading experts in optical radar, or lidar, this book brings all the recent practices up-to-date. With a Foreword by one of the founding fathers in the area. Its broad cross-disciplinary scope should appeal to scientists ranging from the view of optical sciences to environmental engineers. Optical remote sensing has matured to become a lead method for cross-disciplinary research. This new multi-authored book reviews the state-of-the-art in a readable monograph.
Download or read book Surface Based Remote Sensing of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer written by Stefan Emeis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-08 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) research. It focuses on experimental ABL research, while most of the books on ABL discuss it from a theoretical or fluid dynamics point of view. Experimental ABL research has been made so far by surface-based in-situ experimentation (tower measurements up to a few hundred meters, surface energy balance measurements, short aircraft experiments, short experiments with tethered balloons, constant-level balloons, evaluation of radiosonde data). Surface flux measurements are also discussed in the book. Although the surface fluxes are one of the main driving factors for the daily variation of the ABL, an ABL description is only complete if its vertical structure is analyzed and determined. Satellite information is available covering large areas, but it has only limited temporal resolution and lacks sufficient vertical resolution. Therefore, surface-based remote sensing is a large challenge to enlarge the database for ABL studies, as it offers nearly continuous and vertically highly resolved information for specific sites of interest. Considerable progress has been made in the recent years in studying of ground-based remote sensing of the ABL. The book discusses such new subjects as micro-rain radars and the use of ceilometers for ABL profiling, modern small wind lidars for wind energy applications, ABL flux profile measurements, RASS techniques, and mixing-layer height determination.
Download or read book Evaluation of a Sperry Lidar Ceilometer written by David H. George and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An evaluation was conducted of a Sperry Lidar Ceilometer during 1973 at the Sterling Research and Development Center. When possible, evaluations were made relative to the Rotating Beam Ceilometer (RBC). The Sperry Lidar Ceilometer is a compact, single-ended cloud height measuring instrument. No special installation tools are needed. Its digital output is compatible with modern data loggers and processors. The lidar uses a Gallium-Arsenide diode array to produce low power 350w energy pulses at the nonvisible 906 nanometer wave length. This, combined with a 10 inch beam diameter, makes the instrument eyesafe. Maximum ranging error against a target placed horizontally from 300 to 4000 ft was found to be 30 ft. Comparison of lidar and 800 ft baseline RBC cloud height measurements produced fairly sharp, clearcut results. (Modified author abstract).
Download or read book Programs and Plans written by Environmental Research Laboratories (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Novel Broad band LIDAR for the Measurement of Profiles of Tropospheric Aerosol and Temperature written by Axelle t'Kint de Roodenbeke and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book LiDAR Remote Sensing and Applications written by Pinliang Dong and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-12 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ideal for both undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of geography, forestry, ecology, geographic information science, remote sensing, and photogrammetric engineering, LiDAR Remote Sensing and Applications expertly joins LiDAR principles, data processing basics, applications, and hands-on practices in one comprehensive source. The LiDAR data within this book is collected from 27 areas in the United States, Brazil, Canada, Ghana, and Haiti and includes 183 figures created to introduce the concepts, methods, and applications in a clear context. It provides 11 step-by-step projects predominately based on Esri’s ArcGIS software to support seamless integration of LiDAR products and other GIS data. The first six projects are for basic LiDAR data visualization and processing and the other five cover more advanced topics: from mapping gaps in mangrove forests in Everglades National Park, Florida to generating trend surfaces for rock layers in Raplee Ridge, Utah. Features Offers a comprehensive overview of LiDAR technology with numerous applications in geography, forestry and earth science Gives necessary theoretical foundations from all pertinent subject matter areas Uses case studies and best practices to point readers to tools and resources Provides a synthesis of ongoing research in the area of LiDAR remote sensing technology Includes carefully selected illustrations and data from the authors' research projects Before every project in the book, a link is provided for users to download data
Download or read book Lidar Atmospheric Monitoring written by Jean-Pierre Wolf (physicien).) and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1997 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Wintertime Cold air Pools and Aerosol Layers in the Salt Lake Valley Using a Lidar Ceilometer written by Joseph Swyler Young and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Laser That s Changing the World written by Todd Neff and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tells the story of a laser technology that will have a big impact on society and the brilliant innovators responsible for its developmentLidar--a technology evolved from radar, but using laser light rather than microwaves--has found an astounding range of applications, none more prominent than its crucial role in enabling self-driving cars. This accessible introduction to a fascinating and increasingly vital technology focuses on the engaging human stories of lidar's innovators as they advance and adapt it to better understand air, water, ice and Earth - not to mention mapping Mars and Mercury, spotting incoming nuclear warheads, and avoiding pedestrians and cyclists on city streets.Award-winning science writer Todd Neff invites readers behind the scenes to meet some of the great innovators who have explored and expanded the uses of this amazing technology: people like MIT scientist Louis Smullin, whose lidar bounced light off the moon soon after the laser's invention; Allan Carswell, who plumbed the shallows of Lake Erie en route to developing the aerial lidar now essential for coastal mapping and hurricane damage assessment; Red Whittaker, the field robotics pioneer who was putting lidar on his autonomous contraptions as early as the 1980s; and David Hall, whose laser sombrero on a Toyota Tundra gave birth to modern automotive lidar.These are just some of the stories Neff tells before looking ahead to a future that could bring lidar to unpiloted air taxis, to the contaminated pipes of the U.S. nuclear weapons complex, and to satellites capable of pinpointing greenhouse gas sources from orbit. As the author makes clear, the sky is no limit with lidar, which promises to make our world safer, healthier, and vastly more interesting.
