Download or read book Capillary Fluid Exchange written by Joshua Scallan and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The partition of fluid between the vascular and interstitial compartments is regulated by forces (hydrostatic and oncotic) operating across the microvascular walls and the surface areas of permeable structures comprising the endothelial barrier to fluid and solute exchange, as well as within the extracellular matrix and lymphatics. In addition to its role in the regulation of vascular volume, transcapillary fluid filtration also allows for continuous turnover of water bathing tissue cells, providing the medium for diffusional flux of oxygen and nutrients required for cellular metabolism and removal of metabolic byproducts. Transendothelial volume flow has also been shown to influence vascular smooth muscle tone in arterioles, hydraulic conductivity in capillaries, and neutrophil transmigration across postcapillary venules, while the flow of this filtrate through the interstitial spaces functions to modify the activities of parenchymal, resident tissue, and metastasizing tumor cells. Likewise, the flow of lymph, which is driven by capillary filtration, is important for the transport of immune and tumor cells, antigen delivery to lymph nodes, and for return of filtered fluid and extravasated proteins to the blood. Given this background, the aims of this treatise are to summarize our current understanding of the factors involved in the regulation of transcapillary fluid movement, how fluid movements across the endothelial barrier and through the interstitium and lymphatic vessels influence cell function and behavior, and the pathophysiology of edema formation. Table of Contents: Fluid Movement Across the Endothelial Barrier / The Interstitium / The Lymphatic Vasculature / Pathophysiology of Edema Formation

Download or read book Poromechanics II written by J.L. Auriault and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-18 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings deal with the fundamentals and applications of poromechanics to geomechanics, material sciences, geophysics, acoustics and biomechanics. They discuss the state of the art in such topics as constitutive modelling and upscaling methods.

Download or read book Interactive Phenomena in the Cardiac System written by S. Sideman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cardiac system represents one of the most exciting challenges to human ingenuity. Critical to our survival, it consists of a tantalizing array of interacting phenomena, from ionic transport, membrane channels and receptors through cellular metabolism, energy production to fiber mechanics, microcirculation, electrical activation to the global, clinically observed, function, which is measured by pressure, volume, coronary flow, heart rate, shape changes and responds to imposed loads and pharmaceutical challenges. It is a complex interdisciplinary system requiring the joint efforts of the life sciences, the exact sciences, engineering and technology to understand and control the pathologies involved. The Henry Goldberg Workshops were set up to address these multivariable, multidisciplinary challenges. Briefly, our goals are: To encourage international cooperation and foster interdisciplinary interaction between scientists from the different areas of cardiology; to relate microscale cellular phenomena to the global, clinically manifested cardiac function; to relate conceptual modeling and quantitative analysis to experimental and clinical data; to gain an integrated view of the various interacting parameters, identify missing links, catalyze new questions, and lead to better understanding of the cardiac system. The outstanding success of past workshops has encouraged their continuation. The first Henry Goldberg Workshop, held in Haifa in 1984, introduced the concept of interaction between mechanics, electrical activation, perfusion and metabolism, emphasizing imaging in the clinical environment. The second Workshop, in 1985, discussed the same parameters with a slant towards the control aspects.

Download or read book Hemodynamical Flows written by Giovanni P. Galdi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-18 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book surveys research results on the physical and mathematical modeling, as well as the numerical simulation of complex fluid and structural mechanical processes occurring in the human blood circulation system. Topics treated include continuum mechanical description; choice of suitable liquid and wall models; mathematical analysis of coupled models; numerical methods for flow simulation; parameter identification and model calibration; fluid-solid interaction; mathematical analysis of piping systems; particle transport in channels and pipes; artificial boundary conditions, and many more. The book was developed from lectures presented by the authors at the Oberwolfach Research Institute (MFO), in Oberwolfach-Walke, Germany, November, 2005.

Download or read book Oxygen Transport to Tissue VII written by F. Kreuzer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since there are many different tissues and organs in the body, a study of oxygen transport to tissue necessarily involves a great diversity of bodily functions. Furthermore, these tissue functions can be approached from the viewpoint of several disciplines. Even tually, however, all of these approaches must be combined to arrive at a comprehensive picture. This multidisciplinary effort, though imperative, has been implemented slowly because traditional biologi cal science has been largely organ- or discipline oriented. Initia tives to realize an effective international multidisciplinary collab oration have assumed increasing momentum for the past 20 years. These include meetings held in Bad Oeynhausen in 1965 (book in 1968, edited by D. W. Lubbers, U. C. Luft, G. Thews and E. Witzleb), in Nijmegen in 1968 (book in 1969, edited by F. Kreuzer), in Vancouver in 1970 (J. Strauss), and in Dortmund in 1971; this last was in connection with the 25th International Physiological Congress in Munich (book in 1973, edited by M. Kessler, D. F. Bruley, L. C. Clark, Jr. , D. W. Lubbers, I. A. Silver and J. Strauss). This increasing international cooperation called for a more formal organization of these individual initiatives. The credit for taking this decisive step goes to H. I. Bicher and D. F. Bruley from the U. S. A. and D. W. Lubbers and M. Kessler from Germany, who got together in 1972 to plan a large-scale inter national meeting and to organize an international society.

Download or read book Conceptual Models of Flow and Transport in the Fractured Vadose Zone written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-21 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluid flow and solute transport within the vadose zone, the unsaturated zone between the land surface and the water table, can be the cause of expanded plumes arising from localized contaminant sources. An understanding of vadose zone processes is, therefore, an essential prerequisite for cost-effective contaminant remediation efforts. In addition, because such features are potential avenues for rapid transport of chemicals from contamination sources to the water table, the presence of fractures and other channel-like openings in the vadose zone poses a particularly significant problem, Conceptual Models of Flow and Transport in the Fractured Vadose Zone is based on the work of a panel established under the auspices of the U.S. National Committee for Rock Mechanics. It emphasizes the importance of conceptual models and goes on to review the conceptual model development, testing, and refinement processes. The book examines fluid flow and transport mechanisms, noting the difficulty of modeling solute transport, and identifies geochemical and environmental tracer data as important components of the modeling process. Finally, the book recommends several areas for continued research.

Download or read book The Fiber Bundle Model written by Alex Hansen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-02 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gathering research from physics, mechanical engineering, and statistics in a single resource for the first time, this text presents the background to the model, its theoretical basis, and applications ranging from materials science to earth science. The authors start by explaining why disorder is important for fracture and then go on to introduce the fiber bundle model, backed by various different applications. Appendices present the necessary mathematical, computational and statistical background required. The structure of the book allows the reader to skip some material that is too specialized, making this topic accessible to the engineering, mechanics and materials science communities, in addition to providing further reading for graduate students in statistical physics.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Problems of Flow and Transport in Porous Media written by J.M. Crolet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Porous media, and especially phenomena of transport in such materials, are an impor1ant field of interest for geologists, hydrogeologists, researchers in soil and fluid mechanics, petroleum and chemical engineers, physicists and scientists in many other disciplines. The development of better numerical simulation techniques in combination with the enormous expansion of computer tools, have enabled numerical simulation of transport phenomena (mass of phases and components, energy etc. ) in porous domains of interest. Before any practical application of the results of such simulations can be used, it is essential that the simulation models have been proven to be valid. In order to establish the greatest possible coherence between the models and the physical reality, frequent interaction between numericians, mathematicians and the previously quoted researchers, is necessary. Once this coherence is established, the numerical simulations could be used to predict various phenomena such as water management, propagation of pollutants etc. These simulations could be, in many cases, the only financially acceptable tool to carry out an investigation. Current studies within various fields of applications include not only physical comprehension aspects of flow and energy or solute transport in saturated or unsaturated media but also numerical aspects in deriving strong complex equations. Among the various fields of applications generally two types of problems can be observed. Those associated with the pollution of the environment and those linked to water management. The former are essentially a problem in industrialized countries, the latter are a major source of concern in North-Africa.

Download or read book Handbook of Nonwovens written by S. J. Russell and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Nonwovens, Second Edition updates and expands its popular interdisciplinary treatment of the properties, processing, and applications of nonwovens. Initial chapters review the development of the industry and the different classes of nonwoven material. The book then discusses methods of manufacture such as dry-laid, wet-laid, and polymer-laid web formation. Other techniques analyzed include mechanical, thermal, and chemical bonding, as well as chemical and mechanical finishing systems. The book concludes by assessing the characterization, testing, and modeling of nonwoven materials.Covering an unmatched range of materials with a variety of compositions and manufacturing routes, this remains the indispensable reference to nonwovens for designers, engineers, materials scientists, and researchers, particularly those interested in the manufacturing of automotive, aerospace, and medical products. Nonwovens are a unique class of textile material formed from fibers that are bonded together through various means to form a coherent structure. The range of properties they can embody make them an important part of a range of innovative products and solutions, which continues to attract interest from industry as well as academia. - Describes in detail the manufacturing processes of a range of nonwoven materials - Provides detailed coverage of the mechanical and thermal properties of non-woven fabrics - Includes extensive updates throughout on the characterization and testing of nonwovens - Explains how to model nonwoven structures

Download or read book Modelling and Predicting Textile Behaviour written by Xiaogang Chen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-11-30 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The textile industry can experience a vast array of problems. Modelling represents a group of techniques that have been widely used to explore the nature of these problems, it can highlight the mechanisms involved and lead to predictions of the textile behaviour. This book provides an overview of how textile modelling techniques can be used successfully within the textile industry for solving various problems.The first group of chapters reviews the different types of models and methods available for predicting textile structures and behaviour. Chapters include modelling of yarn, woven and nonwoven materials. The second group of chapters presents a selection of case studies, expressing the strengths and limitations and how various models are applied in specific applications. Case studies such as modelling colour properties for textiles and modelling, simulation and control of textile dyeing are discussed.With its distinguished editor and international range of contributors, Modelling and predicting textile behaviour is essential reading material for textile technologists, fibre scientists and textile engineers. It will also be beneficial for academics researching this important area. - Provides an overview of the different types of models and methods that can be used successfully within the textile industry - Reviews the structural hierarchy in textile materials fundamental to the modelling of textile fibrous structures - Assesses the strengths and weaknesses of different textile models and how specific models are applied in different situations

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 1026 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London written by Geological Society of London and published by . This book was released on 1889 with total page 982 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. 1-108 include Proceedings of the society (separately paged, beginning with v. 30)

Download or read book Fluid Flow Heat Transfer and Boiling in Micro Channels written by L. P. Yarin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-19 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of the book is uid dynamics and heat transfer in micro-channels. This problem is important for understanding the complex phenomena associated with single- and two-phase ows in heated micro-channels. The challenge posed by high heat uxes in electronic chips makes thermal management a key factor in the development of these systems. Cooling of mic- electronic components by new cooling technologies, as well as improvement of the existing ones, is becoming a necessity as the power dissipation levels of integrated circuits increases and their sizes decrease. Miniature heat sinks with liquid ows in silicon wafers could signi cantly improve the performance and reliability of se- conductor devices. The improvements are made by increasing the effective thermal conductivity, by reducing the temperature gradient across the wafer, by reducing the maximum wafer temperature, and also by reducing the number and intensity of localized hot spots. A possible way to enhance heat transfer in systems with high power density is to change the phase in the micro-channels embedded in the device. This has motivated a number of theoretical and experimental investigations covering various aspects of heat transfer in micro-channel heat sinks with phase change. The ow and heat transfer in heated micro-channels are accompanied by a n- ber of thermohydrodynamic processes, such as liquid heating and vaporization, bo- ing, formation of two-phase mixtures with a very complicated inner structure, etc., which affect signi cantly the hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics of the co- ing systems.

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Principles of Polymer Processing written by Zehev Tadmor and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly revised edition of the classic text on polymer processing The Second Edition brings the classic text on polymer processing thoroughly up to date with the latest fundamental developments in polymer processing, while retaining the critically acclaimed approach of the First Edition. Readers are provided with the complete panorama of polymer processing, starting with fundamental concepts through the latest current industry practices and future directions. All the chapters have been revised and updated, and four new chapters have been added to introduce the latest developments. Readers familiar with the First Edition will discover a host of new material, including: * Blend and alloy microstructuring * Twin screw-based melting and chaotic mixing mechanisms * Reactive processing * Devolatilization--theory, mechanisms, and industrial practice * Compounding--theory and industrial practice * The increasingly important role of computational fluid mechanics * A systematic approach to machine configuration design The Second Edition expands on the unique approach that distinguishes it from comparative texts. Rather than focus on specific processing methods, the authors assert that polymers have a similar experience in any processing machine and that these experiences can be described by a set of elementary processing steps that prepare the polymer for any of the shaping methods. On the other hand, the authors do emphasize the unique features of particular polymer processing methods and machines, including the particular elementary step and shaping mechanisms and geometrical solutions. Replete with problem sets and a solutions manual for instructors, this textbook is recommended for undergraduate and graduate students in chemical engineering and polymer and materials engineering and science. It will also prove invaluable for industry professionals as a fundamental polymer processing analysis and synthesis reference.

Download or read book Macrotransport Processes written by Howard Brenner and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book, the first published on the subject, provides an introduction to the theory of macrotransport processes, a comprehensive effective-medium theory of transport phenomena in heterogeneous systems. The text begins with a relatively simple approach to the basic theory before turning to a more formal theoretical treatment which is extended in scope in each successive chapter. Many detailed examples, as well as questions appearing at the end of each chapter, are included to demonstrate the practical implementation of the theory. Macrotransport Processes is aimed at an audience already familiar with conventional theories of transport phenomena. This audience especially includes graduate students in chemical, mechanical, and civil engineering departments, as well as applied mathematicians, biomechanicists, and soil physics, particularly those with interests in problems of flow and dispersion in porous media.