Download or read book Employment and Health Benefits written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is unique among economically advanced nations in its reliance on employers to provide health benefits voluntarily for workers and their families. Although it is well known that this system fails to reach millions of these individuals as well as others who have no connection to the work place, the system has other weaknesses. It also has many advantages. Because most proposals for health care reform assume some continued role for employers, this book makes an important contribution by describing the strength and limitations of the current system of employment-based health benefits. It provides the data and analysis needed to understand the historical, social, and economic dynamics that have shaped present-day arrangements and outlines what might be done to overcome some of the access, value, and equity problems associated with current employer, insurer, and government policies and practices. Health insurance terminology is often perplexing, and this volume defines essential concepts clearly and carefully. Using an array of primary sources, it provides a store of information on who is covered for what services at what costs, on how programs vary by employer size and industry, and on what governments doâ€"and do not doâ€"to oversee employment-based health programs. A case study adapted from real organizations' experiences illustrates some of the practical challenges in designing, managing, and revising benefit programs. The sometimes unintended and unwanted consequences of employer practices for workers and health care providers are explored. Understanding the concepts of risk, biased risk selection, and risk segmentation is fundamental to sound health care reform. This volume thoroughly examines these key concepts and how they complicate efforts to achieve efficiency and equity in health coverage and health care. With health care reform at the forefront of public attention, this volume will be important to policymakers and regulators, employee benefit managers and other executives, trade associations, and decisionmakers in the health insurance industry, as well as analysts, researchers, and students of health policy.
Download or read book Work and Family written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States has seen a dramatic increase in the number of dual-earner and single-adult families. This volume reviews accompanying changes in work and family structures and their effects on worker productivity and employer practices. It presents a wide range of approaches to easing the conflicts between work and family, exploring appropriate roles for business, labor, and government. Work and Family offers up-to-date information, looking at how the family and the workplace arrived at their current relationship and evaluating the quality and the cost of care for dependents in this nation. The volume describes the advantages and disadvantages of being part of a working family and takes a critical look at the range of benefits provided, including existing and proposed employer programs for families. It also presents a comparative review of family-related benefits in other countries.
Download or read book Summary of Recommendations and Surveys on Social Security and Pension Policies written by David Koitz and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A General Overview of Current Benefits and Policies written by Employees' Retirement System of the City of New Orleans and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Changing the Social Security Rules for Workers Over 65 written by Alan L. Gustman and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper simulates the effects of proposals to modify procedures for adjusting the Social Security benefits of those who work after normal retirement age. A basic set of policies, currently under consideration, is projected to raise long run costs by $30 billion dollars net of taxes, while inducing an increase of 5 percent in the number of full-time male workers between the ages of 65 and 69. Alternative policies may create very different flows of funds. Outcomes, especially in the short run, will vary widely with the timing of the application decision for benefits.
Download or read book Part time Job Growth and the Labor Effects of Policy Responses written by Linda H. Levine and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines trends in part time employment from 1969 to 1997 and identifies reasons for the growth in involuntary part time employment. Analyses the potential impact on workers were the government to prohibit wage discrimination based on hours worked and to require benefit eligibility for part time workers. Also considers the effects of a mismatch between the qualifications of part time workers and the heightened skill requirements of jobs.
Download or read book Veterans written by Timothy C. Roberts and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013-05-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title provides an overview of the benefits, issues, policies and programs relating to military service-members. Topics discussed in this issue include medication needs during transitions for service-members; the Veterans Paralympics Program; disabled veterans benefits; current life insurance programs for veterans; overview of the appeal process for veteran's claims; the U.S. Court of Appeals for veterans claims; and a descriptive analysis of both non-monetary and monetary burial benefits and national cemeteries.
Download or read book Veterans written by Timothy C. Roberts and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title provides an overview of the benefits, issues, policies and programs relating to military service-members. Topics discussed in this issue include medication needs during transitions for service-members; the Veterans Paralympics Program; disabled veterans benefits; current life insurance programs for veterans; overview of the appeal process for veteran's claims; the U.S. Court of Appeals for veterans claims; and a descriptive analysis of both non-monetary and monetary burial benefits and national cemeteries.
Download or read book TAX POLICY Effects of Changing the Tax Treatment of Fringe Benefits written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This year the Department of the Treasury is expected to forgo about $91 biffion in tax revenues because employer-provided fringe benefits are excluded from taxable income. The size of these tax expenditures as well as the uneven coverage of employer-provided fringe benefits across the workforce have prompted proposals to change their tax treatment in an effort to either (1) restrict the extent of subsidized benefits to reduce the deficit or lower income tax rates or (2) expand benefit coverage. Before attempts are made to change the current tax treatment, GAO believes that an evaluation of the current system of fringe benefit tax subsidies would be beneficial. For this review, GAO focused on (1) the history and background of the tax-preferred status of these benefits, (2) the percentage of workers receiving benefits and the types of benefits received, (3) estimated taxes forgone for these benefits, and (4) how changes in employee benefits tax policy might affect tax equity among different groups and the level of benefits provided. This report describes selected fringe benefits and contains statistical information about employers who provide them and employees who receive them. In this report, GAO also discusses implications of changing the tax treatment of fringe benefits, focusing particularly on some representative types of proposals that proponents say will achieve particular equity and efficiency goals. However, GAO does not take a position on whether changes in fringe benefit tax policies should be adopted.
Download or read book Pension and Employee Benefits Code Erisa Regulations written by Wolters Kluwer Editorial Staff and published by . This book was released on 2021-04-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pension and Employee Benefits Code ERISA Regulations as of January 1, 2021 provides the pension/benefits professional with a one-stop resource designed to provide easy access to the law and regulations that govern pension plans, 401(k) plans, group health insurance and other types of employee benefit plans, all current as of January 1, 2021. Regardless of the nature of your pension/benefits question, you'll find easy access to the information you seek. Do you need to quickly double-check an issue for a client? If you know which law or regulation you need to consult, it's easy to find what you're looking for: Use Volume 1 to find the Internal Revenue Code and its final regulations For ERISA and its final regulations, consult Volume 2 For proposed regulations under both the Internal Revenue Code and ERISA , use Volume 2 In both Volumes 1 and 2, law provisions and their associated final regulations are arranged in easy, "flip through" numeric order to guide you to the exact subsection you're looking for. Or, use the detailed Table of Contents offered in each volume as another way to zero in on the pertinent law or regulation section. Do you need to do in-depth research? If you are exploring an issue in-depth, the Code/ERISA set provides several tools to guide you: A detailed Topical Index in Volume 2 provides a topic-based approach to your research If you want to understand the impact a recent Act of Congress has had on the pension/benefits area, turn to the "Recent Public Law Code and ERISA Locator Table" in Volume 2. This handy chart provides the location of significant benefits-related amendments to the Internal Revenue Code and ERISA made by key laws enacted after 2000. Another useful feature--the U.S. Code-ERISA Locator Table in Volume 2--helps you quickly convert a U.S.C. citation to its corresponding ERISA citation If you seek "behind the scenes" insight regarding a specific pension/benefits topic, Volume 3 provides a valuable set of the federal agencies' own explanations (or preambles) issued for most IRS or EBSA/PBGC regulations promulgated since ERISA was enacted in 1974. Each preamble begins with boldfaced text that will guide you to the location in Volumes 1 or 2 of the full text of the final regulation. Do you need to research the legislative history of a pension/benefits provision? If you need to understand the intent of Congress in enacting a particular change to pension/benefits law, the Committee Reports volume provides a complete set of the Committee Reports written by House and Senate staff members during the original Congressional debates over the legislation, beginning with the enactment of ERISA (P.L. 93-406). Three detailed Tables of Contents and a Topical Index provide easy access to the material, whether you are researching a specific public law, a specific Code or ERISA section, or simply need to understand the legislative history grounding a particular topic. Are you researching new retirement plan law developments? The Code/ERISA set is fully updated to include retirement plan law developments. Volumes 1 and 2 contain all the pension/benefit-related changes contained in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, enacted December 27, 2020 and the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, enacted March 27, 2020. Volume 1 contains all SECURE Act amendments to the Internal Revenue Code relating to pension/benefits. Volume 2 contains all SECURE Act amendments to ERISA, as well as selected other provisions of the SECURE Act that relate to pension/benefits. Previous Edition: Pension and Employee Benefits Code ERISA Regulations as of January 1, 2020 (4 Volumes), ISBN : 9781543819571
Download or read book Cost Benefit Analysis written by Thomas J. Kniesner and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current debate over cost-benefit concerns in agencies' evaluations of government regulations is not so much whether to consider costs and benefits at all but rather what belongs in the estimated costs and benefits themselves. Overlaid is the long-standing concern that the distribution of costs and benefits needs some consideration in policy evaluations. In a recent article in the University of Chicago Law Review, Robert Frank and Cass Sunstein proposed a relatively simple method for adding distributional concerns to policy evaluation that enlarges the typically constructed estimates of the individual's willingness to pay for safer jobs or safer products. One might pay more for safety if it were the result of a government regulation that mandated greater safety across-the-board. The reason, Frank and Sunstein argue, for enlarging current estimates is that someone who takes a safer job or buys a safer product gives up wages or pays a higher price, which then moves him or her down in the ladder of income left over to buy other things. Alternatively, a worker who is given a safer job via a government regulation has no relative income consequences because all affected workers have lower pay. We show that when considering the core of the Frank and Sunstein proposal carefully one concludes that current regulatory evaluations should be left alone because there is no reason to believe that relative positional effects are important either to personal decisions in general or to currently constructed cost-benefit calculations of government regulations in particular. One of the practical problems with trying to consider relative position of income and consumption when estimating willingness to pay is that there is no unique way to ascertain from a statistical model the person's actual social reference group. A researcher must specify ex ante a reference group and then net out the behavioral effects of a possibly incorrectly attributed reference group's behavior on the individual. There is no well-established result from survey data for a typical person's economic reference group. Moreover, the econometric literature generally finds that reference group or social interaction effects are small and easily ignored, perhaps because the relative positional effects of workplace or product safety offset possible reference group effects on residual income (income net of the implicit cost of the extra product or job safety). It is also the case that Frank and Sunstein's recommended increase in the value of willingness to pay for safety used in current regulatory evaluations is already considered. Regulatory evaluations often include a pessimistic and an optimistic value of likely benefits, and Frank and Sunstein's suggested revised value of willingness to pay is still below the optimistic case that carefully formulated cost-benefit studies use. It is easy to show that almost doubling the estimated value of a statistical life would have an inconsequential effect on the economic desirability of a broad set of regulatory policies. Finally, we argue that the most important refinements one could make in the area of regulatory evaluation would be for agencies involved to adhere more to the framework of what is generally considered a carefully done cost-benefit study, and for agencies to make greater actual use of appropriately done cost-benefit studies when recommending regulations.
Download or read book Social Policy written by Kenneth Blakemore and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Policy: An Introduction is a comprehensive, readable and thought-provoking overview of current developments in social policy and welfare. It represents an ideal entry-point for students at degree and pre-degree level who are beginning studies in social policy. It also includes some in-depth discussion of key policy questions which will be of interest to professionals and practitioners in such fields as health, medicine and nursing, social services, education, law and policing.This is the first introductory text in social policy to combine discussion of key policy-making themes (power and decision-making, paying for welfare, social control, the role of the professions) with particular areas of social policy. There are separate chapters on social security, education, health, housing and environment, and community care, as well as on the history and principles of British social policy. Readers will gain a perspective on the framework of social policy in Britain today, and also on why and how policies have developed in the way they have. In order to consolidate learning and to develop a critical approach, each chapter is concluded with further questions and suggestions for research and reading. The book is completed with a glossary of key terms in social policy.
Download or read book Ancillary benefits of climate policy written by Anil Markandya and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding the Benefits and Risks of Pharmaceuticals written by Forum on Drug Discovery Development and Translation and published by . This book was released on 2007-08-14 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All pharmaceutical products have inherent risks, and their use involves trade-offs between their therapeutic benefits and their risks. However, the public has a limited understanding of the benefits and risks of drugs, and many individuals believe that drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) carry no risks. The FDA is responsible for evaluating and balancing the potential risks of drugs with their potential benefits. Assessing, managing, and communicating the benefit-risk profile of a pharmaceutical product is a complex and nuanced scientific, political, and sociological challenge. Once the assessment is made, the FDA is then responsible for managing how to communicate these risks and make healthcare decisions based on them. To explore these issues, the Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation conducted a public workshop entitled Understanding the Benefits and Risks of Pharmaceuticals, with the broad goals of gaining a better understanding of the current system used to evaluate benefit and risk, and to identify opportunities for improvement. This workshop was held in Washington, D.C., on May 30-31, 2006. The benefit-risk profiles of pharmaceuticals are constantly evolving as new data are collected throughout the life cycle of a drug. Discussions during the workshop focused on the following: (1) premarket assessment, during which clinical trial data are used to assess benefit and risk; (2) communication of that information to prescribing physicians and their patients; (3) healthcare decisions made by prescribing physicians and their patients; and (4) the accumulation of benefit-risk information from postmarketing experience, which feeds back into the other phases. Understanding the Benefits and Risks of Pharmaceuticals: Workshop Summary explains in detail the discussions during this workshop.
Download or read book Federalism and Health Policy written by Alan Weil and published by The Urban Insitute. This book was released on 2003 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The balance between state and federal health care financing for low-income people has been a matter of considerable debate for the last 40 years. Some argue for a greater federal role, others for more devolution of responsibility to the states. Medicaid, the backbone of the system, has been plagued by an array of problems that have made it unpopular and difficult to use to extend health care coverage. In recent years, waivers have given the states the flexibility to change many features of their Medicaid programs; moreover, the states have considerable flexibility to in establishing State Children's Health Insurance Programs. This book examines the record on the changing health safety net. How well have states done in providing acute and long-term care services to low-income populations? How have they responded to financial incentives and federal regulatory requirements? How innovative have they been? Contributing authors include Donald J. Boyd, Randall R. Bovbjerg, Teresa A. Coughlin, Ian Hill, Michael Housman, Robert E. Hurley, Marilyn Moon, Mary Beth Pohl, Jane Tilly, and Stephen Zuckerman.
Download or read book An Employee s Guide to Health Benefits Under COBRA written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Code of Massachusetts regulations 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Archival snapshot of entire looseleaf Code of Massachusetts Regulations held by the Social Law Library of Massachusetts as of January 2020.
