Download or read book A Defense of Abortion Eine Verteidigung der Abtreibung Englisch Deutsch written by Judith Jarvis Thomson and published by Reclam Verlag. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ist das Recht des Fötus auf Leben höher einzuschätzen als das Recht der Mutter auf ihren eigenen Körper? 1971 diskutierte Judith Jarvis Thomson diese Frage in einem berühmten Gedankenexperiment: Stellen Sie sich vor, Sie werden ohne Bewusstsein an den Blutkreislauf eines schwer erkrankten berühmten Violinisten angeschlossen, um dessen Leben zu retten. Dürfen Sie sich später entfernen und so den Tod des berühmten Künstlers in Kauf nehmen? Thomson bejaht dies und überträgt das Ergebnis auf die Debatte um Abtreibung. Der klassische Text erscheint hier in neuer Übersetzung und mit einem den Argumentationsgang und die Wirkungsgeschichte rekonstruierenden Kommentar. Die Reihe "Great Papers Philosophie" bietet bahnbrechende Aufsätze der Philosophie: - Eine zeichengenaue, zitierfähige Wiedergabe des Textes (links das fremdsprachige Original, rechts eine neue Übersetzung). - Eine philosophiegeschichtliche Einordnung: Wie dachte man früher über das Problem? Welche Veränderung bewirkte der Aufsatz? Wie denkt man heute darüber? - Eine Analyse des Textes bzw. eine Rekonstruktion seiner Argumentationsstruktur, gefolgt von einem Abschnitt über den Autor sowie ein kommentiertes Literaturverzeichnis. E-Book mit Seitenzählung der gedruckten UB-Ausgabe sowie mit Originalpaginierung.

Download or read book Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility Alternative M glichkeiten written by Harry G. Frankfurt and published by Reclam Verlag. This book was released on 2019-07-17 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ist eine Person nur dann verantwortlich für das, was sie getan hat, wenn sie auch etwas anderes hätte tun können, wenn sie andere Handlungsmöglichkeiten, wenn sie Alternativen gehabt hätte? Harry Frankfurts berühmtes Paper von 1969 argumentiert gegen diese uns eigentlich einleuchtende Annahme – und seitdem wird über Frankfurt Cases und Frankfurt Counterexamples gestritten. Die Reihe Great Papers Philosophie bietet bahnbrechende Aufsätze der Philosophie: - Eine zeichengenaue, zitierfähige Wiedergabe des Textes (fremdsprachiges Original, seitenweise verlinkt mit neuer Übersetzung). - Eine philosophiegeschichtliche Einordnung: Wie dachte man früher über das Problem? Welche Veränderung bewirkte der Aufsatz? Wie denkt man heute darüber? - Eine Analyse des Textes bzw. eine Rekonstruktion seiner Argumentationsstruktur, gefolgt von einem Abschnitt über den Autor sowie ein kommentiertes Literaturverzeichnis. E-Book mit Seitenzählung der gedruckten UB-Ausgabe sowie mit Originalpaginierung.

Download or read book Is Justified True Belief Knowledge Ist gerechtfertigte wahre berzeugung Wissen written by Edmund L. Gettier and published by Reclam Verlag. This book was released on 2019-07-17 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edmund Gettier musste in den 1960er Jahren eine Veröffentlichung vorlegen, um seinen Arbeitsplatz als Philosophiedozent behalten zu dürfen: Er schrieb ein dreiseitiges Papier, das bis heute zu den am meisten diskutierten philosophischen Aufsätzen überhaupt gehört: Er erschütterte die damals weithin akzeptierte Position, Wissen sei gerechtfertigte, wahre Überzeugung. Seitdem ist es eine philosophische Binsenweisheit, dass Wissen eben gerade nicht gerechtfertigte, wahre Überzeugung ist. Wer sich mit Erkenntnistheorie beschäftigt, muss dieses Papier und seine Deutungsgeschichte kennen. Die Reihe Great Papers Philosophie bietet bahnbrechende Aufsätze der Philosophie: - Eine zeichengenaue, zitierfähige Wiedergabe des Textes (fremdsprachiges Original, verlinkt mit einer neuen Übersetzung). - Eine philosophiegeschichtliche Einordnung: Wie dachte man früher über das Problem? Welche Veränderung bewirkte der Aufsatz? Wie denkt man heute darüber? - Eine Analyse des Textes bzw. eine Rekonstruktion seiner Argumentationsstruktur, gefolgt von einem Abschnitt über den Autor sowie ein kommentiertes Literaturverzeichnis. E-Book mit Seitenzählung der gedruckten UB-Ausgabe sowie mit Originalpaginierung.

Download or read book Famine Affluence and Morality Hunger Reichtum und Moral Englisch Deutsch written by Peter Albert David Singer and published by Reclam Verlag. This book was released on 2023-11-17 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Angenommen, ich stehe an einem Teich und muss mitansehen, wie ein Kind ertrinkt, würde mir bei der Rettungsaktion aber meinen teuren neuen Anzug ruinieren: Müsste ich das Kind nicht trotzdem retten? Wenn nun das durchaus zumutbar wäre: Warum teile ich dann nicht meinen Besitz mit jemandem, dem ich dadurch das Leben retten könnte, ohne dass mich das unzumutbar viel kosten würde? Das »Kind im Teich« ist nicht nur eines der berühmtesten philosophischen Gedankenexperimente, sondern drückt auch die Kernidee des »effektiven Altruismus« aus, einer sozialen Bewegung, die Singer maßgeblich geprägt hat. Der Band bietet eine Neuübersetzung sowie einen genauen Kommentar und zeichnet die Wirkungsgeschichte dieses so maßgeblichen Textes nach.

Download or read book A Defense of Abortion Eine Verteidigung Der Abtreibung written by Judith Jarvis Thomson and published by . This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ethics Contemporary Readings written by Harry Gensler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethics: Contemporary Readings is designed to lead any student into the subject, through carefully selected classic and contemporary articles. The book includes articles by the leading figures in the field and provides an excellent entry to the topic. The book complements Harry Gensler's Ethics: A Contemporary Introduction (Routledge, 1998).

Download or read book Rights Restitution and Risk written by Judith Jarvis Thomson and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1986 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moral theory should be simple: the moral theorist attends to ordinary human action to explain what makes some acts right and others wrong, and we need no microscope to observe a human act. Yet no moral theory that is simple captures all of the morally relevant facts. In a set of vivid examples, stories, and cases Judith Thomson shows just how wide an array of moral considerations bears on all but the simplest of problems. She is a philosophical analyst of the highest caliber who can tease a multitude of implications out of the story of a mere bit of eavesdropping. She is also a master teller of tales which have a philosophical bite. Beyond these pleasures, however, she brings new depth of understanding to some of the most pressing moral issues of the moment, notably abortion. Thomson's essays determinedly confront the most difficult questions: What is it to have a moral right to life, or any other right? What is the relation between the infringement of such rights and restitution? How is rights theory to deal with the imposition of risk?

Download or read book Normativity written by Judith Jarvis Thomson and published by Open Court. This book was released on 2015-12-20 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Judith Jarvis Thomson's Normativity is a study of normative thought. She brings out that normative thought is not restricted to moral thought. Normative judgments divide into two sub-kinds, the evaluative and the directive; but the sub-kinds are larger than is commonly appreciated. Evaluative judgments include the judgments that such and such is a good umbrella, that Alfred is a witty comedian, and that Bert answered Carol's question correctly, as well as the judgment that David is a good human being. Directive judgments include the judgment that a toaster should toast evenly, that Edward ought to get a haircut, and that Frances must move her rook, as well as the judgment that George ought to be kind to his little brother. Thomson describes how judgments of these two sub-kinds interconnect and what makes them true when they are true. Given the extensiveness of the two sub-kinds of normative judgment, our everyday thinking is rich in normativity, and moreover, there is no gap between normative and factual thought. The widespread suspicion of the normative is therefore in large measure due to nothing deeper than an excessively narrow conception of what counts as a normative judgment.

Download or read book The Laboratory of the Mind written by James Robert Brown and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-09-26 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thought experiments are performed in the laboratory of the mind. Beyond this metaphor it is difficult to say just what these remarkable devices for investigating nature are or how they work. Though most scientists and philosophers would admit their great importance, there has been very little serious study of them. This volume is the first book-length investigation of thought experiments. Starting with Galileo's argument on falling bodies, Brown describes numerous examples of the most influential thought experiments from the history of science. Following this introduction to the subject, some substantial and provocative claims are made, the principle being that some thought experiments should be understood in the same way that platonists understand mathematical activity: as an intellectual grasp of an independently existing abstract realm. With its clarity of style and structure, The Laboratory of the Mind will find readers among all philosophers of science as well as scientists who have puzzled over how thought experiments work.

Download or read book A Defense of Abortion written by David Boonin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Boonin has written the most thorough and detailed case for the moral permissibility of abortion yet published. Critically examining a wide range of arguments that attempt to prove that every human fetus has a right to life, he shows that each of these arguments fails on its own terms. He then explains how even if the fetus does have a right to life, abortion can still be shown to be morally permissible on the critic of abortion's own terms.

Download or read book The Ethics of Geometry written by David Rapport Lachterman and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a wide-ranging study of the relationship between philosophy and mathematics, Lachterman discussing the importance of construction from Euclid to Kant and his successors.

Download or read book Austrian State Treaty of 1955 written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book How NATO Adapts written by Seth A. Johnston and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2017-02 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite momentous change, NATO remains a crucial safeguard of security and peace. Today’s North Atlantic Treaty Organization, with nearly thirty members and a global reach, differs strikingly from the alliance of twelve created in 1949 to “keep the Americans in, the Russians out, and the Germans down.” These differences are not simply the result of the Cold War’s end, 9/11, or recent twenty-first-century developments but represent a more general pattern of adaptability first seen in the incorporation of Germany as a full member of the alliance in the early 1950s. Unlike other enduring post–World War II institutions that continue to reflect the international politics of their founding era, NATO stands out for the boldness and frequency of its transformations over the past seventy years. In this compelling book, Seth A. Johnston presents readers with a detailed examination of how NATO adapts. Nearly every aspect of NATO—including its missions, functional scope, size, and membership—is profoundly different than at the organization’s founding. Using a theoretical framework of “critical junctures” to explain changes in NATO’s organization and strategy throughout its history, Johnston argues that the alliance’s own bureaucratic actors played important and often overlooked roles in these adaptations. Touching on renewed confrontation between Russia and the West, which has reignited the debate about NATO’s relevance, as well as a quarter century of post–Cold War rapprochement and more than a decade of expeditionary effort in Afghanistan, How NATO Adapts explores how crises from Ukraine to Syria have again made NATO’s capacity for adaptation a defining aspect of European and international security. Students, scholars, and policy practitioners will find this a useful resource for understanding NATO, transatlantic relations, and security in Europe and North America, as well as theories about change in international institutions.

Download or read book Beyond Roe written by David Boonin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-01 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most arguments for or against abortion focus on one question: is the fetus a person? In this provocative and important book, David Boonin defends the claim that even if the fetus is a person with the same right to life you and I have, abortion should still be legal, and most current restrictions on abortion should be abolished. Beyond Roe points to a key legal precedent: McFall v. Shimp. In 1978, an ailing Robert McFall sued his cousin, David Shimp, asking the court to order Shimp to provide McFall with the bone marrow he needed. The court ruled in Shimp's favor and McFall soon died. Boonin extracts a compelling lesson from the case of McFall v. Shimp--that having a right to life does not give a person the right to use another person's body even if they need to use that person's body to go on living-and he uses this principle to support his claim that abortion should be legal and far less restricted than it currently is, regardless of whether the fetus is a person. By taking the analysis of the right to life that Judith Jarvis Thomson pioneered in a moral context and applying it in a legal context in this novel way, Boonin offers a fresh perspective that is grounded in assumptions that should be accepted by both sides of the abortion debate. Written in a lively, conversational style, and offering a case study of the value of reason in analyzing complex social issues, Beyond Roe will be of interest to students and scholars in a variety of fields, and to anyone interested in the debate over whether government should restrict or prohibit abortion.

Download or read book The Counterrevolution written by Bernard E. Harcourt and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A distinguished political theorist sounds the alarm about the counterinsurgency strategies used to govern Americans Militarized police officers with tanks and drones. Pervasive government surveillance and profiling. Social media that distract and track us. All of these, contends Bernard E. Harcourt, are facets of a new and radical governing paradigm in the United States -- one rooted in the modes of warfare originally developed to suppress anticolonial revolutions and, more recently, to prosecute the war on terror. The Counterrevolution is a penetrating and disturbing account of the rise of counterinsurgency, first as a military strategy but increasingly as a way of ruling ordinary Americans. Harcourt shows how counterinsurgency's principles -- bulk intelligence collection, ruthless targeting of minorities, pacifying propaganda -- have taken hold domestically despite the absence of any radical uprising. This counterrevolution against phantom enemies, he argues, is the tyranny of our age. Seeing it clearly is the first step to resisting it effectively.

Download or read book Kriegsprache written by Thomas Houlihan and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translated literally as "War Speak," Kriegsprache is a glossary of WWII German military and period specific words, phrases, abbreviations, and Landser slang. Over 7,000 abbreviations and more than 17,500 words and phrases have been collected to aid the student, historian, and researcher in translating and understanding German documents, letters, and reports from WWII.

Download or read book Religion and Politics Beyond the Culture Wars written by Darren Dochuk and published by University of Notre Dame Pess. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reframes the narrative that has too often dominated the field of historical study of religion and politics: the culture wars. Influenced by culture war theories first introduced in the 1990s, much of the recent history of modern American religion and politics is written in a mode that takes for granted the enduring partisan divides that can blind us to the complex and dynamic intersections of faith and politics. The contributors to Religion and Politics Beyond the Culture Wars argue that such narratives do not tell the whole story of religion and politics in the modern age. This collection of essays, authored by leading scholars in American religious and political history, challenges readers to look past familiar clashes over social issues to appreciate the ways in which faith has fueled twentieth-century U.S. politics beyond predictable partisan divides and across a spectrum of debates ranging from environment to labor, immigration to civil rights, domestic legislation to foreign policy. Offering fresh illustrations drawn from a range of innovative primary sources, theories, and methods, these essays emphasize that our rendering of religion and politics in the twentieth century must appreciate the intersectionality of identities, interests, and motivations that transpire and exist outside an unbending dualistic paradigm. Contributors: Darren Dochuk, Janine Giordano Drake, Joseph Kip Kosek, Josef Sorett, Patrick Q. Mason, Wendy L. Wall, Mark Brilliant, Andrew Preston, Matthew Avery Sutton, Kathleen Sprows Cummings, Benjamin Francis-Fallon, Michelle Nickerson, Keith Makoto Woodhouse, Kate Bowler, and James T. Kloppenberg.