Download or read book A Critical Examination of Payments for Ecosystem Services PES as Applied in a Watershed Management Context written by Vijay Kolinjivadi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The present research contributes to the trend of critical analysis of Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) by: a) developing a novel governance framework for ecosystem services in a watershed context; b) applying a methodological tool for assessing technical and social complexities for socio-ecological conflicts to a proposed PES scheme for watershed management; c) linking ecosystem services to discrete improvements in human well-being through a consideration of Amartya Sen's 'capabilities approach'; d) exposing the trade-offs implicit in targeting payment schemes for diverse objectives, and e) exploring the behavioural economics assumptions of PES in a context at the frontier of the free-market and exchange values for public goods and services. Few studies examining PES feasibility have taken an explicitly justice-oriented lens to considering fairness, equity for ensuring long-term negotiation outcomes. Two empirical studies are provided based upon a proposed PES scheme in the Shivapuri-Nagarjun National Park located in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal. The first of these illustrates how market-based logic in spatially optimising payments fails to resonate with social institutions and values and inadvertently separates society from nature in a piecemeal fashion. Spatial interpolation according to household characteristics was employed using ArcGIS to map areas of low opportunity cost, ecological vulnerability and poverty. These maps were compared with the preferences, constraints, and informal institutions of upstream service providers to illustrate trade-offs between externally determined PES targeting designs and local legitimacy. It is argued that the mechanistic 'puzzle-matching' of targeting payments according to efficiency and effectiveness continues to treat society as separate from nature and risks reinforcing perceived inequities. The second study uses social multi-criteria evaluation as an alternative methodology for designing a number of PES and other management alternatives for Shivapuri-Nagarjun National Park. This method is based upon a deliberative negotiation of values, priorities and opportunities for improving individual and collective well-being and which do not allow for certain value sets to compensate others, but to expose the trade-offs inherent between equally legitimate perspectives.A final empirical study carried out at a pilot watershed PES programme in the Kyrgyz Republic examines the behavioural aspects of rational self-interest which characterise the assumed motivations underlying participation in PES schemes. Scholarship in the field of behavioural economics has illustrated how decentralised norm enforcement, norms of reciprocity, framing and image motivation may explain behaviour in social settings that override assumptions of purely rational and self-interested actors. In this study, different sets of incentives and framings of incentives are introduced to examine the extent to which they motivate participation in the maintenance and repair of collectively owned irrigation canals. The exploratory study illustrates that the prioritisation of self-interested norms over existing social institutions can result in unintentional outcomes depending on the framing and strength of different sets of norms in a given context. The implications of this thesis suggest that incentive-provision for watershed services has greater potential to be integrated within collective resource management than as a market-based tool. Appreciating the effect of incentive provision to encourage greater collective action can offer few generalising heuristics with the exception of efforts which facilitate or reinforce existing social institutions and norms and place recognition and procedural justice as core components of negotiated outcomes. " --

Download or read book Payments for Ecosystem Services PES written by Emily Fripp and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-12-09 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the aims of the CoLUPSIA project is to explore options for establishing payments for ecosystem services (PES) within the two districts where the project is working: Seram and Kapuas Hulu. These guidelines were prepared to support the CoLUPSIA team in completing this assessment and have since been revised to incorporate some findings from the field assessments.

Download or read book All that Glitters written by Ina T. Porras and published by IIED. This book was released on 2008 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Values Payments and Institutions for Ecosystem Management written by Pushpam Kumar and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-11-29 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a strong policy focus, the contributors synthesise the scientific approaches to PES, valuation, trade-offs, equity and the institutional requirements to operationalize a credible concept of economic value. The book also addresses the behavioral fo

Download or read book Payments for Freshwater Ecosystem Services written by Marcia Silva Stanton and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water is vital for supporting life and welfare. Worldwide, water resources are under high pressure and freshwater ecosystems have been degraded and even lost. These pressures are likely to be aggravated by climate change. To tackle ecosystem service degradation and loss, Payment for Ecosystem Services (“PES”) arose in the environmental policy arena to address positive externalities, using a “carrot” rather than a “stick.” Nevertheless, much confusion remains regarding its concept and application since the theory has been built based upon different site-specific schemes applied throughout the world. This paper seeks to provide an overview of the key elements that characterize the theory of payments for ecosystem services, translated to watershed protection. It also aims to explore under which general situations the use of this policy is appropriate, as well as its potentials and constraints. The research was based on an extensive review of the existing literature on PES that analyzes payment schemes in detail, in both developed and developing countries. The conclusions indicate that PES entails hard tradeoffs and is appropriate for a limited set of conditions. Despite being limited in scope, PES can effectively fill the gaps where other policies are failing. Overall, PES is gaining momentum not because it is a catchphrase but because there is a real need for better ecosystem service management.

Download or read book A Gateway to Payments for Ecosystem Services written by D. Huberman and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2009 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ecosystem Services written by Frédéric Huybrechs and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-10-11 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter looks at ecosystem services-thinking from the perspective of rural development and land-use dynamics in developing countries. In this context, the concept of ecosystem services seems to be prevalent as a foundation for market-based conservation and development policy tools such as Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES). We assess a PES scheme in Nicaragua and show the importance of the broader context and the cognitive-motivational frameworks that influence land-use management, which go beyond the mere individual and economic rationale underlying mainstream PES. We link our findings to recent evidence that calls for a more integrated institutional approach to PES, emphasizing the need to take into account the complexity of rules and motivations present in the socio-ecological system with which such interventions inevitably interact.

Download or read book Fair Deals for Watershed Services in Bolivia written by Nigel Asquith and published by IIED. This book was released on 2007 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Payments for Ecosystem Services written by Thomas Greiber and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2009 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Payments for Ecosystem Services written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The PES primer is designed to provide the reader with a solid understanding of payments ecosystem service (PES) and markets and the mechanisms of PES deals, and based on this aims to provide guidance for developing PES deals. The first section provides an introduction to ecosystem services and markets and payments for ecosystem services as well as a detailed review of basic PES types and concepts with examples. The second section informs about the potential PES deals offer to the poor population by reflecting opportunities and risks as well as ideal conditions for such schemes. The third section is the core part that includes a step-by-step approach for the development of PES deals, for identification of ecosystem service prospects and research potential buyers, assessment of institutional and technical capacity, structure of agreements, and implementation of PES agreements. The section is complemented by numerous case studies. The final section concludes on the importance of honest brokers for enabling pro-poor PES to reach those who most need it.

Download or read book Pay written by Mark Smith and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2006 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide aims to provide practical tools to non specialists-essentially water resources planners, river basin managers, non-governmental organizations and private sector operators. It links the most recent practice on payments for hydrological services to current discourse on integrated water resources management and looks into the different aspects to consider when exploring the potential feasibility of establishing reward or payments for ecosystem services related to water security. Pay demystifies concepts and jargon, and through a series of tools, case studies and stories from around the world, describes pitfalls to avoid and provides hints to fill gaps in knowledge. It is based on a demand-driven approach, linking text, tools and illustrations to key questions emerging from current and potential practitioners.

Download or read book Ecosystem Services written by Kristin Magnussen and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2014-12-08 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human wellbeing is dependent upon and benefit from ecosystem services which are delivered by well-functioning ecosystems. Ecosystem services can be mapped and assessed consistently within an ecosystem service framework. This project aims to explore the use and usefulness of the ecosystem service framework in freshwater management, particularly water management according to the Water Framework Directive (WFD). There are several examples of how ecosystem services have been used in WFD related studies in all the Nordic countries. Most of them involve listing, describing and categorizing freshwater ecosystem services, while there are few comprehensive Cost Benefit Analyses and analyses of disproportionate costs that apply this framework. More knowledge about ecosystem services and the value of ecosystem services for freshwater systems is needed.

Download or read book Regional Synthesis of Payments for Environmental Services PES in the Greater Mekong Region written by Luca Tacconi and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2015-03-18 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report synthesizes the country studies on PES schemes in Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam – that were prepared for a regional review – to compare the various schemes, to assess their current status, implementation processes and lessons learned, and to draw policy recommendations relevant to REDD+. A summary discussion of the definitions of PES is provided, given that the definitional issue is raised in the individual reports. That discussion is used to present a comprehensive framework of the key design features of PES, which is then used to outline the features of the PES schemes in the four country studies before presenting a comparison of their key features and issues. Then, the key lessons learnt from the country studies and this review, as well as the policy recommendations relevant to REDD+, are derived.

Download or read book Paying for Biodiversity written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by Organization for Economic Co-Operation & Development. This book was released on 2010-10-12 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on the literature concerning effective Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) programmes and on more than 30 case studies, this book aims to identify good practice in the design and implementation of PES programmes so as to enhance their environmental and cost effectiveness.

Download or read book Proceedings of the Global Symposium on Soil Erosion written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-10-15 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings book of the Global Symposium on Soil Erosion (GSER19) contains all papers presented both orally and in poster format during the symposium (15-17 May 2019, FAO HQ). The papers presented have provided sufficient scientific evidence to show that soil erosion is a global threat to food production systems, available land for future demand, rural livelihoods, human health and biodiversity, and that coordinated effective action needs to be fostered and accelerated to address this issue. Studies presented provided scientific evidence that soil erosion is accelerated by anthropogenic action. In the current context of population increase and climate change, urgent action is needed from governments to support farmers and land-users in the transition to sustainable production systems, and crucial action is needed at global level to raise awareness of the importance of healthy and productive soils, to ensure a sustainable future and the achievement of many of the SDGs targeting hunger, water quality, and life on land, amongst others.

Download or read book Lessons from Payments for Ecosystem Services for REDD Benefit Sharing Mechanisms written by Lasse Loft and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-04-02 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where benefits and costs accrue at different scales, financial intermediaries are needed to facilitate relations between global-scale buyers and local-scale providers of carbon sequestration and storage. These intermediaries can help to collect and distribute payments and to promote the scheme to potential beneficiaries. The benefits distributed should compensate for the transaction, opportunity and implementation costs incurred by stakeholders for providing ecosystem services. Therefore, calculating the costs and understanding who incurs them are essential for benefit sharing. Targeting benefits according to a set of criteria that match the objectives of the specific mechanism increases the mechanism’s efficiency. As the level of performance-based payments may not be able to compete with the opportunity costs of highly profitable land uses, performance-related benefit-sharing mechanisms should be focused on areas with moderate opportunity costs. Benefits should be divided into upfront payments to cover startup costs and to give an initial incentive for participation, and payments upon delivery of ecosystem services to ensure adherence to conditionality.

Download or read book Payments for Ecological Services and Eco Compensation written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policy makers in the People's Republic of China have been experimenting with new approaches to environmental management, resulting in a wide array of policy and program innovations under the broad heading of eco-compensation. Many of these are market-based instruments, particularly payments for ecological services---currently an emerging policy debate regarding the extent to which beneficiaries should pay, and the providers should be compensated---for the provision of natural resources and environmental services to promote sustainable, balanced growth. These proceedings are a collection of papers presented at the International Conference on Payments for Ecological Services convened in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in September 2009 to support eco-compensation programs in the country.