Download or read book Syntax based Statistical Machine Translation written by Philip Williams and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book provides a comprehensive introduction to the most popular syntax-based statistical machine translation models, filling a gap in the current literature for researchers and developers in human language technologies. While phrase-based models have previously dominated the field, syntax-based approaches have proved a popular alternative, as they elegantly solve many of the shortcomings of phrase-based models. The heart of this book is a detailed introduction to decoding for syntax-based models. The book begins with an overview of synchronous-context free grammar (SCFG) and synchronous tree-substitution grammar (STSG) along with their associated statistical models. It also describes how three popular instantiations (Hiero, SAMT, and GHKM) are learned from parallel corpora. It introduces and details hypergraphs and associated general algorithms, as well as algorithms for decoding with both tree and string input. Special attention is given to efficiency, including search approximations such as beam search and cube pruning, data structures, and parsing algorithms. The book consistently highlights the strengths (and limitations) of syntax-based approaches, including their ability to generalize phrase-based translation units, their modeling of specific linguistic phenomena, and their function of structuring the search space.
Download or read book Statistical Machine Translation written by Philipp Koehn and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dream of automatic language translation is now closer thanks to recent advances in the techniques that underpin statistical machine translation. This class-tested textbook from an active researcher in the field, provides a clear and careful introduction to the latest methods and explains how to build machine translation systems for any two languages. It introduces the subject's building blocks from linguistics and probability, then covers the major models for machine translation: word-based, phrase-based, and tree-based, as well as machine translation evaluation, language modeling, discriminative training and advanced methods to integrate linguistic annotation. The book also reports the latest research, presents the major outstanding challenges, and enables novices as well as experienced researchers to make novel contributions to this exciting area. Ideal for students at undergraduate and graduate level, or for anyone interested in the latest developments in machine translation.
Download or read book Quality Estimation for Machine Translation written by Lucia Specia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many applications within natural language processing involve performing text-to-text transformations, i.e., given a text in natural language as input, systems are required to produce a version of this text (e.g., a translation), also in natural language, as output. Automatically evaluating the output of such systems is an important component in developing text-to-text applications. Two approaches have been proposed for this problem: (i) to compare the system outputs against one or more reference outputs using string matching-based evaluation metrics and (ii) to build models based on human feedback to predict the quality of system outputs without reference texts. Despite their popularity, reference-based evaluation metrics are faced with the challenge that multiple good (and bad) quality outputs can be produced by text-to-text approaches for the same input. This variation is very hard to capture, even with multiple reference texts. In addition, reference-based metrics cannot be used in production (e.g., online machine translation systems), when systems are expected to produce outputs for any unseen input. In this book, we focus on the second set of metrics, so-called Quality Estimation (QE) metrics, where the goal is to provide an estimate on how good or reliable the texts produced by an application are without access to gold-standard outputs. QE enables different types of evaluation that can target different types of users and applications. Machine learning techniques are used to build QE models with various types of quality labels and explicit features or learnt representations, which can then predict the quality of unseen system outputs. This book describes the topic of QE for text-to-text applications, covering quality labels, features, algorithms, evaluation, uses, and state-of-the-art approaches. It focuses on machine translation as application, since this represents most of the QE work done to date. It also briefly describes QE for several other applications, including text simplification, text summarization, grammatical error correction, and natural language generation.
Download or read book Machine Translation written by Shujian Huang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-22 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th China Conference on Machine Translation, CCMT 2019, held in Nanchang, China, in September 2019. The 10 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 21 submissions and focus on all aspects of machine translation, including preprocessing, neural machine translation models, hybrid model, evaluation method, and post-editing.
Download or read book Statistical Language and Speech Processing written by Laurent Besacier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-02 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Statistical Language and Speech Processing, SLSP 2014, held in Grenoble, France, in October 2014. The 18 full papers presented together with three invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 53 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on machine translation, speech and speaker recognition, machine learning methods, text extraction and categorization, and mining text.
Download or read book The Grammar of Genres and Styles written by Dominique Legallois and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-04-09 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides new findings about the grammar of genres and styles. It combines new methods with different kinds of empirical material, from social reports to live TV sports commentaries or 16th century newspapers, in English, French, Latin and Spanish. The study of non-discrete units suggests new ways of seeing the linguistic variation between genres and styles and the ways in which belonging to a genre predetermines linguistic choices.
Download or read book Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing written by Juanzi Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-07 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th CCF Conference, NLPCC 2015, held in Nanchang, China, in October 2015. The 35 revised full papers presented together with 22 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 238 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on fundamentals on language computing; applications on language computing; NLP for search technology and ads; web mining; knowledge acquisition and information extraction.
Download or read book Post editing of Machine Translation written by Laura Winther Balling and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-17 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post-editing is possibly the oldest form of human-machine cooperation for translation. It has been a common practice for just about as long as operational machine translation systems have existed. Recently, however, there has been a surge of interest in post-editing among the wider user community, partly due to the increasing quality of machine translation output, but also to the availability of free, reliable software for both machine translation and post-editing. As a result, the practices and processes of the translation industry are changing in fundamental ways. This volume is a compilation of work by researchers, developers and practitioners of post-editing, presented at two recent events on post-editing: The first Workshop on Post-editing Technology and Practice, held in conjunction with the 10th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, held in San Diego, in 2012; and the International Workshop on Expertise in Translation and Post-editing Research and Application, held at the Copenhagen Business School, in 2012.
Download or read book Psycholinguistic and Cognitive Inquiries into Translation and Interpreting written by Aline Ferreira and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2015-01-15 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psycholinguistic and Cognitive Inquiries into Translation and Interpreting presents perspectives and original studies that aim to diversify traditional approaches in translation and interpreting research and improve the quality and generalizability of the field. The volume is divided into two parts: Part I includes an introductory discussion on the input of psycholinguistics and cognitive science to translation and interpreting along with two state-of-the-art chapters that discuss valid experimental designs while critically reviewing and building on existing work. Part II subsequently presents original studies which explore the performance of expert and novice translators using a variety of methodologies such as eye tracking, keystroke logging, retrospective protocols, and post-editing machine translation. It also presents contributions for exploratory studies on interpreting and for testing several constructs such as language competence and the role of expertise, redundancy, and working memory capacity. This volume is intended to act as a valuable reference for scholars, practitioners, translators, graduate and advanced undergraduate students, and anyone wishing to gain an overview of current issues in translation and interpreting from psycholinguistic and cognitive domains.
Download or read book The Theory of Linguistic Channels in Alphabetical Texts written by Emilio Matricciani and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2023-12-15 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of papers on a mathematical/statistical theory concerning the deep-language structure of alphabetical texts. The theory does not follow the actual paradigm of linguistic studies, which consider neither Shannon’s communication theory nor the fundamental connection that some linguistic parameters have with the reading skill and short-term memory capacity of readers. The book proposes to young researchers and students – in the fields of cognitive psychology, theory of communication, information theory, phonics and linguistics, history of modern and ancient literatures, and stylometry – a possible theoretical framework which could allow one to further research the fundamental mathematical structure of human language. This research might enable academics to devise a mathematical theory that includes meaning, the great absent element – since Shannon’s times – in our mathematical theories of human communication.
Download or read book Knowledge and Systems Engineering written by Van Nam Huynh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of Knowledge and Systems Engineering (KSE) has experienced rapid development and inspired many applications in the world of information technology during the last decade. The KSE conference aims at providing an open international forum for presentation, discussion and exchange of the latest advances and challenges in research of the field. These proceedings contain papers presented at the Fifth International Conference on Knowledge and Systems Engineering (KSE 2013), which was held in Hanoi, Vietnam, during 17–19 October, 2013. Besides the main track of contributed papers, which are compiled into the first volume, the conference also featured several special sessions focusing on specific topics of interest as well as included one workshop, of which the papers form the second volume of these proceedings. The book gathers a total of 68 papers describing recent advances and development on various topics including knowledge discovery and data mining, natural language processing, expert systems, intelligent decision making, computational biology, computational modeling, optimization algorithms, and industrial applications.
Download or read book Machine Translation written by Jinsong Su and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-29 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th China Conference on Machine Translation, CCMT 2020, held in Xining, China, in October 2021. The 10 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 25 submissions and focus on all aspects of machine translation, including preprocessing, neural machine translation models, hybrid model, evaluation method, and post-editing.
Download or read book Advances in Natural Language Processing written by Adam Przepiórkowski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-05 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Advances in Natural Language Processing, PolTAL 2014, Warsaw, Poland, in September 2014. The 27 revised full papers and 20 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 83 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on morphology, named entity recognition, term extraction; lexical semantics; sentence level syntax, semantics, and machine translation; discourse, coreference resolution, automatic summarization, and question answering; text classification, information extraction and information retrieval; and speech processing, language modelling, and spell- and grammar-checking.
Download or read book Essential Speech and Language Technology for Dutch written by Peter Spyns and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-26 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an overview of more than a decade of joint R&D efforts in the Low Countries on HLT for Dutch. It not only presents the state of the art of HLT for Dutch in the areas covered, but, even more importantly, a description of the resources (data and tools) for Dutch that have been created are now available for both academia and industry worldwide. The contributions cover many areas of human language technology (for Dutch): corpus collection (including IPR issues) and building (in particular one corpus aiming at a collection of 500M word tokens), lexicology, anaphora resolution, a semantic network, parsing technology, speech recognition, machine translation, text (summaries) generation, web mining, information extraction, and text to speech to name the most important ones. The book also shows how a medium-sized language community (spanning two territories) can create a digital language infrastructure (resources, tools, etc.) as a basis for subsequent R&D. At the same time, it bundles contributions of almost all the HLT research groups in Flanders and the Netherlands, hence offers a view of their recent research activities. Targeted readers are mainly researchers in human language technology, in particular those focusing on Dutch. It concerns researchers active in larger networks such as the CLARIN, META-NET, FLaReNet and participating in conferences such as ACL, EACL, NAACL, COLING, RANLP, CICling, LREC, CLIN and DIR ( both in the Low Countries), InterSpeech, ASRU, ICASSP, ISCA, EUSIPCO, CLEF, TREC, etc. In addition, some chapters are interesting for human language technology policy makers and even for science policy makers in general.
Download or read book Multilingual Access and Services for Digital Collections written by Jiangping Chen and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2016-01-18 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique guide offers you a thorough understanding of multilingual information access (MLIA) and services and related concepts, such as database design, information retrieval, machine translation, and natural language processing. Written for digital library developers, library and information science graduate students, and information professionals serving international information users, this book defines multilingual information access (MLIA) and discusses the importance of enabling international users to access digital collections. Based on a systematic review of the research and development carried out on cross-language information retrieval, machine translation, and case studies of current multilingual digital libraries, the author clearly explains what you need to know about technologies for building MLIA function for digital collections. The book leads you through an examination of Internet language services and tools that are useful for developing multilingual digital libraries and for assisting international users in accessing digital resources. Content is further clarified by two research projects that are presented to demonstrate the application of technologies used to build MLIA functions and multilingual user interfaces. The book concludes with possible strategies for using Internet language services and tools to implement MLIA function for digital collections.
Download or read book Innovative Computing and Communications written by Aboul Ella Hassanien and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Localizing Apps written by Johann Roturier and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The software industry has undergone rapid development since the beginning of the twenty-first century. These changes have had a profound impact on translators who, due to the evolving nature of digital content, are under increasing pressure to adapt their ways of working. Localizing Apps looks at these challenges by focusing on the localization of software applications, or apps. In each of the five core chapters, Johann Roturier examines: The role of translation and other linguistic activities in adapting software to the needs of different cultures (localization); The procedures required to prepare source content before it gets localized (internationalization); The measures taken by software companies to guarantee the quality and success of a localized app. With practical tasks, suggestions for further reading and concise chapter summaries, Localizing Apps takes a comprehensive look at the transformation processes and tools used by the software industry today. This text is essential reading for students, researchers and translators working in the area of translation and creative digital media.
