Download or read book Science Policies and Twentieth Century Dictatorships written by Amparo Gómez and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making a fresh contribution to the political history of science, this book explores the connections between the science policies of three countries that each experienced considerable political upheaval in the twentieth century: Spain, Italy and Argentina. By focussing on these three countries, the contributors are able to present case studies that highlight the characteristics and specificities of the democratic and dictatorial political processes involved in the production of science and technology. The focus on dictatorship presents the opportunity to expand our knowledge -beyond the more extensive literature about science in Nazi Germany and Stalinist USSR -about the level of political involvement of scientists in non-democratic contexts and to what extent they act as politicians in different contexts. Key topics covered include the new forms of organization and institutionalization of science in the twentieth century; the involvement of scientific communities in the governance of science and its institutions; the role of ideology in scientific development; the scientific practices adopted by scientific communities in different contexts; and the characteristics of science and technology produced in these contexts.
Download or read book Nazi Germany and Southern Europe 1933 45 written by Fernando Clara and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nazi Germany and Southern Europe, 1933-45 is about transnational fascist discourse. It addresses the cultural and scientific links between Nazi Germany and Southern Europe focusing on a hybrid international environment and an intricate set of objects that include individual, social, cultural or scientific networks and events.
Download or read book Empires Post Coloniality and Interculturality written by Leoncio Vega and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-24 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empires, Post-Coloniality and Interculturality: The New Challenges for Comparative Education, presents some outcomes of the 25th Conference of the Comparative Education Society in Europe (CESE), held in Salamanca, in June 2012. The central aim proposed for the debates of the Conference revolves around an intellectual effort to re-think and re-direct the scientific discipline of Comparative Education based on the broad cultural trends that influence the internationalization and/or globalization of education. Reconsidering and/or re-thinking our discipline involves studying the influence exerted on it by three major international forces. First, empires, not so much in terms of discipline or governance but more related to cultural, technological and knowledge perspectives. This area addresses both historical process and contemporary circumstances and is expressed through networks, research programs, academic reform in universities supported by criteria of governance and efficiency, transnational mobility, and linguistic monopolies. Second, it is necessary to re-think the influence of post-colonialism in educational models and models of citizens’ education not only from the perspective of their impact on the curricular reorganization of education systems but also of their educational and sociocultural expression. Both forms were acclaimed both in the 19th century and the 20th century within different international geographic contexts. The third component of the discourse triangle is the reconsideration (not only historical) of the impact of migratory fluxes, or better said, of “cultural migrations”, and their relationship with the reordering of curricular and educational processes in both education systems and in the social framework. Education is now in a transition from “monoculture” to multiple cultures in the classroom. This publication is structured along four themes that illustrate the academic contributions to the Conference. The themes are as follows: I. From Empires, History and Memory: Comparative Studies of Education, II. Learning and Assessment Processes: an International Perspective, III. Transnational Education and Colonial Approach, IV. International Education: Comparative Dimensions.
Download or read book Pursuing the Unity of Science written by Harmke Kamminga and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 1918 to the late 1940s, a host of influential scientists and intellectuals in Europe and North America were engaged in a number of far-reaching unity of science projects. In this period of deep social and political divisions, scientists collaborated to unify sciences across disciplinary boundaries and to set up the international scientific community as a model for global political co-operation. They strove to align scientific and social objectives through rational planning and to promote unified science as the driving force of human civilization and progress. This volume explores the unity of science movement, providing a synthetic view of its pursuits and placing it in its historical context as a scientific and political force. Through a coherent set of original case studies looking at the significance of various projects and strategies of unification, the book highlights the great variety of manifestations of this endeavour. These range from unifying nuclear physics to the evolutionary synthesis, and from the democratization of scientific planning to the utopianism of H.G. Wells's world state. At the same time, the collection brings out the substantive links between these different pursuits, especially in the form of interconnected networks of unification and the alignment of objectives among them. Notably, it shows that opposition to fascism, using the instrument of unified science, became the most urgent common goal in the 1930s and 1940s. In addressing these issues, the book makes visible important historical developments, showing how scientists participated in, and actively helped to create, an interwar ideology of unification, and bringing to light the cultural and political significance of this enterprise.
Download or read book 1907 1987 la Junta para Ampliaci n de Estudios e Investigaciones Cient ficas 80 a os despu s written by José Manuel Sánchez Ron and published by Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creada en 1907 y disuelta en 1938, la Junta para Ampliación de Estudios e Investigaciones Científicas (JAE) ha sido la institución que más logros ha alcanzado en toda la historia de España, en los campos de la promoción de la investigación científica y de la renovación pedagógica. Este estudio consta de dos volúmenes con información exhaustiva sobre la historia de la JAE, los centros que creó, los principales investigadores que trabajaron en ella, así como la política de becas que desarrolló y los problemas de índole política con los que tuvo que enfrentarse.
Download or read book Reader s Guide to the History of Science written by Arne Hessenbruch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Reader's Guide to the History of Science looks at the literature of science in some 550 entries on individuals (Einstein), institutions and disciplines (Mathematics), general themes (Romantic Science) and central concepts (Paradigm and Fact). The history of science is construed widely to include the history of medicine and technology as is reflected in the range of disciplines from which the international team of 200 contributors are drawn.
Download or read book Isis Cumulative Bibliography 1986 1995 Time periods 19th and 20th centuries Book reviews written by John Neu and published by Science History Publications/USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Isis Cumulative Bibliography 1986 1995 Persons M Z Institutions written by John Neu and published by Science History Publications/USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Darwinismo en Europa e Iberoam rica written by Miguel Ángel Puig-Samper and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book European Archaeology Abroad written by S.J. van der Linde and published by Sidestone Press. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are European archaeologists doing abroad? What have they been doing there for the past three to four centuries? Are they doing things differently nowadays? To address these questions, this book explores the scope, impact and ethics of European archaeological policies and practices in the Mediterranean area, the Near East, sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America. Acknowledging that international and transcultural projects have a range of different stakeholders, the first part of this book aims to identify some of the values and motivations behind different European archaeologies abroad. This is done by providing thorough historical overviews on a range of European countries, including France, Spain, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and Poland. But how are these values translated, through socio-political, theoretical and administrative frameworks, unto local circumstances in host countries? And how are these archaeological activities received locally? The second part of this book attempts to answer these questions through a range of historical and contemporary case studies, in Africa, in Asia, in South America, in the Near East and in Europe. The third part of the book offers several critical reflections on European values, motivations and collaboration projects, as perceived by archaeological heritage professionals based in, and/or working in Senegal, Sudan, Somaliland, Colombia, and the Near East. This collection of historical overviews, contemporary case studies and critical reflections focuses on the challenging relationships between archaeological practices and policies, including the requirements and wishes of archaeologists, of local communities and of other stakeholders in Europe and in the host countries. In addition to researchers and students, this book should be of interest to practicing archaeologists, heritage professionals and policy makers the world over, as they seek to reach better informed decisions regarding archaeological projects and international collaboration. This publication was produced in the framework of the ACE project – “Archaeology in Contemporary Europe. Professional Practices and Public Outreach”, with the support of the Culture 2007-2013 programme of the European Commission.
Download or read book De Sphaera of Johannes de Sacrobosco in the Early Modern Period written by Matteo Valleriani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book explores commentaries on an influential text of pre-Copernican astronomy in Europe. It features essays that take a close look at key intellectuals and how they engaged with the main ideas of this qualitative introduction to geocentric cosmology. Johannes de Sacrobosco compiled his Tractatus de sphaera during the thirteenth century in the frame of his teaching activities at the then recently founded University of Paris. It soon became a mandatory text all over Europe. As a result, a tradition of commentaries to the text was soon established and flourished until the second half of the 17th century. Here, readers will find an informative overview of these commentaries complete with a rich context. The essays explore the educational and social backgrounds of the writers. They also detail how their careers developed after the publication of their commentaries, the institutions and patrons they were affiliated with, what their agenda was, and whether and how they actually accomplished it. The editor of this collection considers these scientific commentaries as genuine scientific works. The contributors investigate them here not only in reference to the work on which it comments but also, and especially, as independent scientific contributions that are socially, institutionally, and intellectually contextualized around their authors.
Download or read book The Beautiful Brain written by Larry W. Swanson and published by Abrams. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the crossroads of art and science, Beautiful Brain presents Nobel Laureate Santiago Ramón y Cajal’s contributions to neuroscience through his groundbreaking artistic brain imagery. Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934) was the father of modern neuroscience and an exceptional artist. He devoted his life to the anatomy of the brain, the body’s most complex and mysterious organ. His superhuman feats of visualization, based on fanatically precise techniques and countless hours at the microscope, resulted in some of the most remarkable illustrations in the history of science. Beautiful Brain presents a selection of his exquisite drawings of brain cells, brain regions, and neural circuits with accessible descriptive commentary. These drawings are explored from multiple perspectives: Larry W. Swanson describes Cajal’s contributions to neuroscience; Lyndel King and Eric Himmel explore his artistic roots and achievement; Eric A. Newman provides commentary on the drawings; and Janet M. Dubinsky describes contemporary neuroscience imaging techniques. This book is the companion to a traveling exhibition opening at the Weisman Art Museum in Minneapolis in February 2017, marking the first time that many of these works, which are housed at the Instituto Cajal in Madrid, have been seen outside of Spain. Beautiful Brain showcases Cajal’s contributions to neuroscience, explores his artistic roots and achievement, and looks at his work in relation to contemporary neuroscience imaging, appealing to general readers and professionals alike.
Download or read book The Politics of Chemistry written by Agustí Nieto-Galan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agust Nieto-Galan argues that chemistry in the twentieth century was deeply and profoundly political. Far from existing in a distinct public sphere, chemical knowledge was applied in ways that created strong links with industrial and military projects, and national rivalries and international endeavours, that materially shaped the living conditions of millions of citizens. It is within this framework that Nieto-Galan analyses how Spanish chemists became powerful ideological agents in different political contexts, from liberal to dictatorial regimes, throughout the century. He unveils chemists' position of power in Spain, their place in international scientific networks, and their engagement in fierce ideological battles in an age of extremes. Shared discourses between chemistry and liberalism, war, totalitarianism, religion, and diplomacy, he argues, led to advancements in both fields.
Download or read book Women In Their Element Selected Women s Contributions To The Periodic System written by Annette Lykknes and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2019 celebrated the 150th anniversary of Mendeleev's first publication of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements. This book offers an original viewpoint on the history of the Periodic Table: a collective volume with short illustrated papers on women and their contribution to the building and the understanding of the Periodic Table and of the elements themselves. Few existing texts deal with women's contributions to the Periodic Table. A book on women's work not only helps make historical women chemists more visible; it also sheds light on the multifaceted character of the work on the chemical elements and their periodic relationships. Stories of female input contribute to the understanding of the nature of science, of collaboration as opposed to the traditional depiction of the lone genius.While the discovery of elements is a natural part of this collective work, the book goes beyond discovery histories. Stories of women contributors to the chemistry of the elements also include understanding the concept of element, identifying properties, developing analytical methods, mapping the radioactive series, finding applications of elements, and the participation of women as audiences when new elements were presented at lectures.The book contains chapters on pre-periodic table contributions as well as recent discoveries, unknown stories as well as more famous ones, with an emphasis on work conducted in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Elements from different groups in the periodic table are included, so as to represent a variety of chemical contexts.
Download or read book The War and Its Shadow written by Helen Graham and published by Apollo Books. This book was released on 2012 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Spain today the civil war remains 'the past that will not pass away'. The author explores the origins, nature and long-term consequences of this exterminatory war in Spain, charting the resonant forms of political, social and cultural resistance to it and the memory/legacy these have left behind in Europe and beyond.
Download or read book The Medieval Iberian Treasury in the Context of Cultural Interchange written by Therese Martin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Medieval Iberian Treasury in the Context of Cultural Interchange-expanded beyond the special issue of Medieval Encounters from which it was drawn-centers on the magnificent treasury of San Isidoro de León to address wider questions about the meanings of cross-cultural luxury goods in royal-ecclesiastical settings during the central Middle Ages. Now fully open access and with an updated introduction to ongoing research, an additional chapter, composite bibliographies, and indices, this multidisciplinary volume opens fresh ways into the investigation of medieval objects and textiles through historical, art historical, and technical analyses. Carbon-14 dating, iconography, and social history are among the methods applied to material and textual evidence, together shining new light on the display of rulership in medieval Iberia"--
Download or read book The Science and Culture of Nutrition 1840 1940 written by Harmke Kamminga and published by Rodopi. This book was released on 1995 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Science and Culture of Nutrition, 1840-1940 for the first time looks at the ways in which scientific theories and investigations of nutrition have made their impact on a range of social practices and ideologies, and how these in turn have shaped the priorities and practices of the science of nutrition.
