Download or read book Zeroth Law written by Guerric Haché and published by . This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isavel died, so why isn't she dead? That question smoulders in the ashes of a life lost, buffeted by the winds of a war she doesn't understand. By whose will but the gods' could these strange lights have found their way into her blood? If she can walk a path laid before her by elusive higher powers, there may yet be answers. There may yet be peace. But peace is not for everyone - especially not Ada, exiled for heresy and burning with a need to see the world change. And to be the one that changes it, from its oldest law on upwards. But she soon discovers that she is living in a time of more wondrous and terrible change than she could have imagined. These two young women must navigate a world being ground to dust by time and encroaching wilderness, each only slowly becoming aware of the other's existence. Between them they have two chances to light a fire to change the world - if they can become the people they need to be.
Download or read book Entropy and Energy written by Ingo Müller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-15 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introductory textbook introducing the concept of competition of entropy and energy with various examples. Thermodynamics textbook explaining the roles of entropy and energy as prime movers of nature.
Download or read book The Second Law written by Peter William Atkins and published by Times Books. This book was released on 1984 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains how scientists first observed the second law of thermodynamics, discusses its connection with living things, and looks at the nature of structure and chaos
Download or read book The First Law of Mechanics in General Relativity Isochrone Orbits in Newtonian Gravity written by Paul Ramond and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-01 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thesis tackles two distinct problems of great interest in gravitational mechanics — one relativistic and one Newtonian. The relativistic one is concerned with the "first law of binary mechanics", a remarkably simple variational relation that plays a crucial role in the modern understanding of the gravitational two-body problem, thereby contributing to the effort to detect gravitational-wave signals from binary systems of black holes and neutron stars. The work reported in the thesis provides a mathematically elegant extension of previous results to compact objects that carry spin angular momentum and quadrupolar deformations, which more accurately represent astrophysical bodies than mere point particles. The Newtonian problem is concerned with the isochrone problem of celestial mechanics, namely the determination of the set of radial potentials whose bounded orbits have a radial period independent of the angular momentum. The thesis solves this problem completely in a geometrical way and explores its consequence on a variety of levels, in particular with a complete characterisation of isochrone orbits. The thesis is exceptional in the breadth of its scope and achievements. It is clearly and eloquently written, makes excellent use of images, provides careful explanations of the concepts and calculations, and it conveys the author’s personality in a way that is rare in scientific writing, while never sacrificing academic rigor.
Download or read book The Second Law of Life written by John E.J. Schmitz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this compelling, and important book, John Schmitz brings order to the world of chaos that surrounds us. The Second Law of Life refers to the second law of thermodynamics, entropy, which is an omnipresent force that quietly and crucially determines every aspect of our society, culture and daily lives. Unless we come to understand entropy, future generations will face consequences of the unstoppable laws of physics.Entropy explains the amount of energy no longer capable of doing work; in other words, wasted energy or heat loss. Each moment of every day, we lose irreplaceable energy and ômodernö technology is not helping. In fact, it is accelerating the problem at a catastrophic rate. û And we will ultimately face a heat death crisis and utter destruction of the Earth. Even actions we take to improve the environment may actually do more damage than good. For example, recycling is considered environmentally, socially and politically correct. Under the influence of entropy, however, it is a prolific waster of energy; we must look at entire systems, not just parts.It is critical that we find ways to reduce energy loss. Seeing the problems with greater clarity will lead to solutions. This fascinating and accessible journey through the second law of thermodynamics is a step in the right direction.
Download or read book Thermodynamics And Statistical Mechanics written by Richard Fitzpatrick and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-07-07 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive exposition of the theory of equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics at a level suitable for well-prepared undergraduate students. The fundamental message of the book is that all results in equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics follow from a single unprovable axiom — namely, the principle of equal a priori probabilities — combined with elementary probability theory, elementary classical mechanics, and elementary quantum mechanics.
Download or read book Physics For Dummies written by Steven Holzner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-02-10 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does just thinking about the laws of motion make your head spin? Does studying electricity short your circuits? Do the complexities of thermodynamics cool your enthusiasm? Thanks to this book, you don’t have to be Einstein to understand physics. As you read about Newton's Laws, Kepler's Laws, Hooke's Law, Ohm's Law, and others, you’ll appreciate the For Dummies law: The easier we make it, the faster people understand it and the more they enjoy it! Whether you're taking a class, helping kids with homework, or trying to find out how the world works, this book helps you understand basic physics. It covers: Measurements, units, and significant figures Forces such as displacement, speed, and acceleration Vectors and physics notation Motion, energy, and waves (sound, light, wave-particle) Solids, liquids, and gases Thermodynamics Electromagnetism Relativity Atomic and nuclear structures Steven Holzner, Ph.D. earned his B.S. at MIT and his Ph.D. at Cornell, where he taught Physics 101 and 102 for over 10 years. He livens things up with cool physics facts, real-world examples, and simple experiments that will heighten your enthusiasm for physics and science. The book ends with some out-of-this world physics that will set your mind in motion: The possibility of wormholes in space The Big Bang How the gravitational pull of black holes is too strong for even light to escape May the Force be with you!
Download or read book Four Laws That Drive the Universe written by Peter Atkins and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-09-06 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The laws of thermodynamics drive everything that happens in the universe. From the sudden expansion of a cloud of gas to the cooling of hot metal, and from the unfurling of a leaf to the course of life itself - everything is directed and constrained by four simple laws. They establish fundamental concepts such as temperature and heat, and reveal the arrow of time and even the nature of energy itself. Peter Atkins' powerful and compelling introduction explains what the laws are and how they work, using accessible language and virtually no mathematics. Guiding the reader from the Zeroth Law to the Third Law, he introduces the fascinating concept of entropy, and how it not only explains why your desk tends to get messier, but also how its unstoppable rise constitutes the engine of the universe.
Download or read book Advanced Thermodynamics for Engineers written by D. Winterbone and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1996-11-01 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the basic theories of thermodynamics are adequately covered by a number of existing texts, there is little literature that addresses more advanced topics. In this comprehensive work the author redresses this balance, drawing on his twenty-five years of experience of teaching thermodynamics at undergraduate and postgraduate level, to produce a definitive text to cover thoroughly, advanced syllabuses. The book introduces the basic concepts which apply over the whole range of new technologies, considering: a new approach to cycles, enabling their irreversibility to be taken into account; a detailed study of combustion to show how the chemical energy in a fuel is converted into thermal energy and emissions; an analysis of fuel cells to give an understanding of the direct conversion of chemical energy to electrical power; a detailed study of property relationships to enable more sophisticated analyses to be made of both high and low temperature plant and irreversible thermodynamics, whose principles might hold a key to new ways of efficiently covering energy to power (e.g. solar energy, fuel cells). Worked examples are included in most of the chapters, followed by exercises with solutions. By developing thermodynamics from an explicitly equilibrium perspective, showing how all systems attempt to reach a state of equilibrium, and the effects of these systems when they cannot, the result is an unparalleled insight into the more advanced considerations when converting any form of energy into power, that will prove invaluable to students and professional engineers of all disciplines.
Download or read book University Physics written by Samuel J. Ling and published by . This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: University Physics is designed for the two- or three-semester calculus-based physics course. The text has been developed to meet the scope and sequence of most university physics courses and provides a foundation for a career in mathematics, science, or engineering. The book provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of physics and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and to the world around them. Due to the comprehensive nature of the material, we are offering the book in three volumes for flexibility and efficiency. Coverage and Scope Our University Physics textbook adheres to the scope and sequence of most two- and three-semester physics courses nationwide. We have worked to make physics interesting and accessible to students while maintaining the mathematical rigor inherent in the subject. With this objective in mind, the content of this textbook has been developed and arranged to provide a logical progression from fundamental to more advanced concepts, building upon what students have already learned and emphasizing connections between topics and between theory and applications. The goal of each section is to enable students not just to recognize concepts, but to work with them in ways that will be useful in later courses and future careers. The organization and pedagogical features were developed and vetted with feedback from science educators dedicated to the project. VOLUME II Unit 1: Thermodynamics Chapter 1: Temperature and Heat Chapter 2: The Kinetic Theory of Gases Chapter 3: The First Law of Thermodynamics Chapter 4: The Second Law of Thermodynamics Unit 2: Electricity and Magnetism Chapter 5: Electric Charges and Fields Chapter 6: Gauss's Law Chapter 7: Electric Potential Chapter 8: Capacitance Chapter 9: Current and Resistance Chapter 10: Direct-Current Circuits Chapter 11: Magnetic Forces and Fields Chapter 12: Sources of Magnetic Fields Chapter 13: Electromagnetic Induction Chapter 14: Inductance Chapter 15: Alternating-Current Circuits Chapter 16: Electromagnetic Waves
Download or read book Challenges to The Second Law of Thermodynamics written by Vladislav Capek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advance of scienti?c thought in ways resembles biological and geologic transformation: long periods of gradual change punctuated by episodes of radical upheaval. Twentieth century physics witnessed at least three major shifts — relativity, quantum mechanics and chaos theory — as well many lesser ones. Now, st early in the 21 , another shift appears imminent, this one involving the second law of thermodynamics. Over the last 20 years the absolute status of the second law has come under increased scrutiny, more than during any other period its 180-year history. Since the early 1980’s, roughly 50 papers representing over 20 challenges have appeared in the refereed scienti?c literature. In July 2002, the ?rst conference on its status was convened at the University of San Diego, attended by 120 researchers from 25 countries (QLSL2002) [1]. In 2003, the second edition of Le?’s and Rex’s classic anthology on Maxwell demons appeared [2], further raising interest in this emerging ?eld. In 2004, the mainstream scienti?c journal Entropy published a special edition devoted to second law challenges [3]. And, in July 2004, an echo of QLSL2002 was held in Prague, Czech Republic [4]. Modern second law challenges began in the early 1980’s with the theoretical proposals of Gordon and Denur. Starting in the mid-1990’s, several proposals for experimentally testable challenges were advanced by Sheehan, et al. By the late 1990’s and early 2000’s, a rapid succession of theoretical quantum mechanical ? challenges were being advanced by C ́ apek, et al.
Download or read book Laws of Nature written by Xiaoping Hu and published by Xiaoping Hu. This book was released on 2023-03-30 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Book provides new foundations for modern physics and natural philosophy. In the past 100+ years, modern physics has been based on Quantum Concept, Einstein’s Relativity Theory, and three equations (Schroedinger Equation, Klein-Gordon Equation, and Dirac Equation). Relativity Theory not only is melted into the bones of modern sciences, it has also deeply infiltrated liberal arts and philosophical thoughts of several generations. As such, Einstein was regarded world’s greatest scientist in human history. While modern physics has splendid achievements in the past 100 years, it is now at a dead pass, unable to solve many fundamental problems like graviton, strong force, double slit experiments, quantum entanglement, etc.. Worse, the latest astronomical discoveries by the Webb Telescope has brought strong evidences against the Big Bang Theory that is based on General Relativity. As such, the whole modern physics is at jeopardy. Through lifetime pondering and research, the author has found that modern physics is on many shaky grounds and finally rebuilt physics without them. This book is the culmination of his lifetime work, most of its contents are published for the firs time. Chapter 1 provides a brief history of human cognition, and discusses the criteria for discerning truth and fallacy. Chapter 2 rigorously invalidates both Special Relativity and General Relativity from four different grounds, pulling down all existing “evidences” that were claimed to support Relativity Theory. Chapter 3 reviews the fundamental concepts in physics and natural philosophy and makes necessary corrections. Chapter 4 gives a new theory on gravity and gravitons. Chapter 5 re-studies electromagnetics, provides a complex set of Maxwell Equations and a new theory on electromagnetic wave. Chapter 6 provides a new photon theory, which not only satisfies all existing knowledge about photon, but solves the problems of double slit experiment and quantum entanglement successfully. Chapter 7 derives Schroedinger Equation from two basic physics principles and prove that the Schroedinger Wave Function does not represent particle state probability, but its complex electric and magnetic field energies. Error-prong modern physics methods are also criticized. Chapter 8 provides a new particle theory, which not only solves the mystery of proton and neutron, but can successfully construct atoms of large atomic numbers. The new theory also reveals the secrets of strong force and weak force, as well as chemical bonds. Chapter 9 also rebuilds the foundation of thermodynamics by redefining entropy explicitly, so to greatly simplifies the basic thermodynamics equations. Many well-known results in thermodynamic and statistical physics are invalidated. Chapter 10 also rebuilds the foundation of astrophysics. First, the main cause of star’s light spectrum redshift is finally discovered. Second, the basic pressure and temperature equations inside stars are corrected. Third, new theories about stars, galaxies, and universe are provided which are consistent with observations and new physics theories in this book. Fourth, the true energy source in nuclear fission and fusion is discovered. Chapter 11 discusses a few important things about life. Chapter 12 discusses a few things that face human in the near future. Appendix provides a comprehensive discussion on redshifts of star light spectrum, and finally prove that quantum loss redshift is the main cause of star light spectrum redshift. Appendix B proves that if Special Relativity is correct, then General Relativity is not. It also provides a simple, closed form solution for photon’s motion in gravity field. While the author cannot guarantee correctness of everything in the book, the new theories overcome the contradictions of existing ones and explain many more things that existing ones could not. The most important thing is all the theories in the book are mutually consistent and therefore re-enforce each other. As such, the author thinks that the GUT and TOE problems that physicists have dreamed along are now closed.
Download or read book Thermodynamics and Heat Powered Cycles written by Chih Wu and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the rapid advances in computer technology, intelligent computer software and multimedia have become essential parts of engineering education. Software integration with various media such as graphics, sound, video and animation is providing efficient tools for teaching and learning. A modern textbook should contain both the basic theory and principles, along with an updated pedagogy. Often traditional engineering thermodynamics courses are devoted only to analysis, with the expectation that students will be introduced later to relevant design considerations and concepts. Cycle analysis is logically and traditionally the focus of applied thermodynamics. Type and quantity are constrained, however, by the computational efforts required. The ability for students to approach realistic complexity is limited. Even analyses based upon grossly simplified cycle models can be computationally taxing, with limited educational benefits. Computerised look-up tables reduce computational labour somewhat, but modelling cycles with many interactive loops can lie well outside the limits of student and faculty time budgets. The need for more design content in thermodynamics books is well documented by industry and educational oversight bodies such as ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology). Today, thermodynamic systems and cycles are fertile ground for engineering design. For example, niches exist for innovative power generation systems due to deregulation, co-generation, unstable fuel costs and concern for global warming. Professor Kenneth Forbus of the computer science and education department at Northwestern University has developed ideal intelligent computer software for thermodynamic students called CyclePad. CyclePad is a cognitive engineering software. It creates a virtual laboratory where students can efficiently learn the concepts of thermodynamics, and allows systems to be analyzed and designed in a simulated, interactive computer aided design environment. The software guides students through a design process and is able to provide explanations for results and to coach students in improving designs. Like a professor or senior engineer, CyclePad knows the laws of thermodynamics and how to apply them. If the user makes an error in design, the program is able to remind the user of essential principles or design steps that may have been overlooked. If more help is needed, the program can provide a documented, case study that recounts how engineers have resolved similar problems in real life situations. CyclePad eliminates the tedium of learning to apply thermodynamics, and relates what the user sees on the computer screen to the design of actual systems. This integrated, engineering textbook is the result of fourteen semesters of CyclePad usage and evaluation of a course designed to exploit the power of the software, and to chart a path that truly integrates the computer with education. The primary aim is to give students a thorough grounding in both the theory and practice of thermodynamics. The coverage is compact without sacrificing necessary theoretical rigor. Emphasis throughout is on the applications of the theory to actual processes and power cycles. This book will help educators in their effort to enhance education through the effective use of intelligent computer software and computer assisted course work.
Download or read book Handbook of Pseudo Riemannian Geometry and Supersymmetry written by Vicente Cortés and published by European Mathematical Society. This book was released on 2010 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this handbook is to give an overview of some recent developments in differential geometry related to supersymmetric field theories. The main themes covered are: Special geometry and supersymmetry Generalized geometry Geometries with torsion Para-geometries Holonomy theory Symmetric spaces and spaces of constant curvature Conformal geometry Wave equations on Lorentzian manifolds D-branes and K-theory The intended audience consists of advanced students and researchers working in differential geometry, string theory, and related areas. The emphasis is on geometrical structures occurring on target spaces of supersymmetric field theories. Some of these structures can be fully described in the classical framework of pseudo-Riemannian geometry. Others lead to new concepts relating various fields of research, such as special Kahler geometry or generalized geometry.
Download or read book Modern Thermodynamics for Chemists and Biochemists written by Dennis Sherwood and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 901 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermodynamics is fundamental to university curricula in chemistry, physics, engineering and many life sciences. It is also notoriously difficult for students to understand, learn and apply. This book explains the fundamental concepts with great clarity, and shows how they can be applied to a variety of chemical and life science contexts.
Download or read book An Introduction to Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics written by Robert H. Swendsen and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-03-01 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents the two complementary aspects of thermal physics as an integrated theory of the properties of matter. Conceptual understanding is promoted by thorough development of basic concepts. In contrast to many texts, statistical mechanics, including discussion of the required probability theory, is presented first. This provides a statistical foundation for the concept of entropy, which is central to thermal physics. A unique feature of the book is the development of entropy based on Boltzmann's 1877 definition; this avoids contradictions or ad hoc corrections found in other texts. Detailed fundamentals provide a natural grounding for advanced topics, such as black-body radiation and quantum gases. An extensive set of problems (solutions are available for lecturers through the OUP website), many including explicit computations, advance the core content by probing essential concepts. The text is designed for a two-semester undergraduate course but can be adapted for one-semester courses emphasizing either aspect of thermal physics. It is also suitable for graduate study.
Download or read book The Laws of Scientific Change written by Hakob Barseghyan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-17 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically creates a general descriptive theory of scientific change that explains the mechanics of changes in both scientific theories and the methods of their assessment. It was once believed that, while scientific theories change through time, their change itself is governed by a fixed method of science. Nowadays we know that there is no such thing as an unchangeable method of science; the criteria employed by scientists in theory evaluation also change through time. But if that is so, how and why do theories and methods change? Are there any general laws that govern this process, or is the choice of theories and methods completely arbitrary and random? Contrary to the widespread opinion, the book argues that scientific change is indeed a law-governed process and that there can be a general descriptive theory of scientific change. It does so by first presenting meta-theoretical issues, divided into chapters on the scope, possibility and assessment of theory of scientific change. It then builds a theory about the general laws that govern the process of scientific change, and goes into detail about the axioms and theorems of the theory.
