Download or read book X Ray Measurement of Residual Stress Using a Precision Specimen Stage written by Roderick Durrett Stroud and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Measurement of Residual Stresses written by Society for Experimental Mechanics (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from 24 authorities from around the world, this handbook provides the most authoritative reference resource available on the impact of residual stresses on mechanical properties of materials and structures. You'll find detailed descriptions of a full range of measuring techniques, including hole drilling, layer removal, sectioning, X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, and ultrasonic methods. A variety of case studies which illustrate use of specific techniques are included to facilitate your understanding. Design and structural engineers, metallurgists, and material scientists will find a wealth of valuable information covering recent developments in residual stress measuring techniques, with guidelines provided for selecting the right measuring strategy for each specific application, and many helpful tips for improving quality control.
Download or read book Methods of Residual Stress Measurement written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual has been assembled as a ready reference source for the engineer who must measure residual stresses. Although the literature has abundant information on the individual methods of residual stress measurement, this manual is unique in that most of the useful methods have been selected, described, classified, and compared.Methods of measuring residual stress may be classified as mechanical, physical, or chemical. Mechanical methods that are most widely used involve the machining of the part to release the residual stresses. These methods are considered in detail and occupy the bulk of this manual.Of the physical methods, x-ray diffraction has many advantages in solving some residual stress problems. One of the major advantages is that it is completely nondestructive if only surface residual stresses are desired. This method is briefly described and its limitations discussed so that the investigator may choose this method if it fulfills his needs. The method and the necessary techniques have been covered in detail in Ref. 1.Of the chemical methods, the stress corrosion cracking technique seems to be the most useful. This cracking is known to be dependent upon the surface tensile stress level. At present it is only a qualitative measure of the stress, but perhaps at some future date, quantitative chemical methods may be developed.To make residual stress measurements, the engineer must: 1Select the most appropriate method. 2Completely familiarize himself with the theory behind the method chosen. 3Learn the techniques of measurement used by previous investigators.Note that the word "method" is reserved to mean the individual category of stress analysis, and that "technique" applies to the experimental procedure.The choice of the method depends to a large extent upon the geometry of the specimen, the precision desired, the type and location of the stress it is desired to measure, and the equipment available. The numerous mechanical methods available are classified into four groups. These are: the parting-out method, the layer removal method, the boring and turning method, and the hole drilling method. The nonmechanical x-ray method is briefly discussed here for comparison.Once the method has been selected, measurements should not be taken and their values blindly substituted into equations. Each term in the expressions relating the deformation to the residual stress should be completely understood and the sign convention used for these terms should be well known. For this reason, a derivation for each method has been included with the necessary assumptions and limitations. Following a study of these equations, it may be decided whether some automatic or computer technique should be used. In some instances in which a large number of specimens are to be analyzed, the computer technique offers obvious advantages. At this point, it is also necessary to determine the precision with which the stresses are to be determined. This, of course, can be related directly to the precision used in the measurement of the deformation changes and the original dimensions of the specimen itself.The correct choice of the many and varied techniques for measuring dimensional changes used in the determination of residual stress is extremely important if accurate and reproducible data are to be obtained. Machining stress introduced in dissecting must not be larger or more significant than the stress that is to be measured. The techniques used to remove material are numerous, and some of the better currently used techniques are considered. The specific techniques associated with any particular method are included and special fixtures and procedures are described and sample calculations are given.
Download or read book Residual Stress Measurement by X ray Diffraction SAE J784a written by SAE Iron and Steel Technical Committee and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods written by Gary S. Schajer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-23 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introductory and intermediate level handbook written in pragmatic style to explain residual stresses and to provide straightforward guidance about practical measurement methods. Residual stresses play major roles in engineering structures, with highly beneficial effects when designed well, and catastrophic effects when ignored. With ever-increasing concern for product performance and reliability, there is an urgent need for a renewed assessment of traditional and modern measurement techniques. Success critically depends on being able to make the most practical and effective choice of measurement method for a given application. Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods provides the reader with the information needed to understand key residual stress concepts and to make informed technical decisions about optimal choice of measurement technique. Each chapter, written by invited specialists, follows a focused and pragmatic format, with subsections describing the measurement principle, residual stress evaluation, practical measurement procedures, example applications, references and further reading. The chapter authors represent both international academia and industry. Each of them brings to their writing substantial hands-on experience and expertise in their chosen field. Fully illustrated throughout, the book provides a much-needed practical approach to residual stress measurements. The material presented is essential reading for industrial practitioners, academic researchers and interested students. Key features: • Presents an overview of the principal residual stress measurement methods, both destructive and non-destructive, with coverage of new techniques and modern enhancements of established techniques • Includes stand-alone chapters, each with its own figures, tables and list of references, and written by an invited team of international specialists
Download or read book Study of the Precision of X Ray Stress Analysis written by M. R. James and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Software is described for complete computer control of residual stress measurements. One program (that incorporates either the two tilt method, the sin squared psi procedure, or the Cohen-Marion technique) has been developed for use with either a normal detector or a position sensitive detector. The operator inputs the desired error in stress and various instrumental parameters that determine systematic errors. The counting strategy to obtain the total error is then determined by the software. Employing this automated system, an investigation of a parabolic fit to the top of a diffraction profile indicates that a three point fit is satisfactory only for sharp profiles. Surprisingly, with a standard detector for fixed total time of data accumulation, the sin squared psi procedure gives better precision than the two tilt method. A position sensitive detector system exhibited excellent precision in replicate residual stress measurements. Errors of + or - 6000 psi were obtained on samples having broad diffraction profiles in only 30 seconds. It was also found that sample displacement is less important for stationary slit geometry than with parafocusing technique. Parallel beam geometry shows minimal effects due to sample displacement (as is well known) but precision of the residual stress measurement decreases because this procedure broadens the diffraction profile. Design parameters for a portable unit based on these results are discussed. This research was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. (Author).
Download or read book Residual Stress Thermomechanics Infrared Imaging Hybrid Techniques and Inverse Problems Volume 8 written by Marco Rossi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-27 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residual Stress, Thermomechanics & Infrared Imaging, Hybrid Techniques and Inverse Problems, Volume 8: Proceedings of the 2013 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, the eighth volume of eight from the Conference, brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on a wide range of areas, including: Advances in Residual Stress Measurement Methods Residual Stress Effects on Material Performance Optical, Ultrasonic, and Diffraction Methods for Residual Stress Measurement Thermomechanics & Infrared Imaging Inverse Methods Inverse Methods in Plasticity Applications in Experimental Mechanics
Download or read book Journal of Research written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Residual Stress written by Ismail C. Noyan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurement of Residual Stresses in a Mild Steel Tensile Specimen by X ray Diffraction Methods written by James Lawrence Baker and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Residual Stresses III written by Nihon Zairyō Gakkai and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Conference on Residual Stresses written by G. Beck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1043 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residual stresses are always introduced in materials when they are produced, or when they undergo non-uniform plastic deformation during use. The circumstances that can cause residual stresses are therefore numerous. Residual stresses exist in all materials and, depending on their distribution, can playa beneficial role (for example, compressive surface stress) or have a catastrophic effect, especially on fatigue behaviour and corrosion properties. The subject of residual stresses took form around 1970 with the development of methods to measure macroscopic deformations during the machining of materials or on an atomic scale by X-ray diffraction. These techniques have made considerable progress in the last 20 years. The meetings organized in several countries (Germany, France, Japan, etc. ) have largely contributed to this progress, aided by the numerous exchanges of information and knowledge to which they have given rise. Studies of the formation of residual stresses began more slowly, but have progressed with the emergence of increasingly realistic models of materials behaviour and with access to ever more powerful codes for numerical calculations. Two successive meetings for discussing this topic have been held in Europe. The first, held in 1982 in Nancy (France), consisted of 30 participants from 5 countries. The second was held in Linkoping (Sweden) in 1984, with 80 participants of 16 nationalities. It was decided to hold a first International Conference, ICRS, to address all aspects of the problem. Held in 1986 in Garmisch-Partenkirschen (FRG), it was an assembly of neady 300 participants from 21 countries.
Download or read book Practical Applications of Residual Stress Technology written by C. O. Ruud and published by ASM International(OH). This book was released on 1991 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes papers on the effects of residual stress on materials properties. Measurement methods and techniques are covered in a number of papers that describe applications of X-ray diffraction, Barkhausen noise, ultrasonic velocity and neutron diffraction. Prediction of residual stresses described include applications to metal welding, forging and forming as well as ceramic matric composites and those developed by manufacturing processes.
Download or read book Residual Stresses 2018 written by Marc Seefeldt and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Conference on Residual Stresses (ECRS) series is the leading European forum for scientific exchange on internal and residual stresses in materials. It addresses both academic and industrial experts and covers a broad gamut of stress-related topics from instrumentation via experimental and modelling methodology up to stress problems in specific processes such as welding or shot-peening, and their impact on materials properties. Chapters: Diffraction Methods; Mechanical Relaxation Methods; Acoustic and Electromagnetic Methods; Composites, Nano and Microstructures; Films, Coatings and Oxides; Cold Working and Machining; Heat Treatments and Phase Transformations; Welding, Fatigue and Fracture: Stresses in Additive Manufacturing.
Download or read book Residual Stresses 2016 written by Thomas M. Holden and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the International Conference on Residual Stresses 10 and is devoted to the prediction/modelling, evaluation, control, and application of residual stresses in engineering materials. New developments, on stress-measurement techniques, on modelling and prediction of residual stresses and on progress made in the fundamental understanding of the relation between the state of residual stress and the material properties, are highlighted. The proceedings offer an overview of the current understanding of the role of residual stresses in materials used in wide ranging application areas.
