Download or read book X Ray Diagnostics for Laser Systems written by L. F. Chase and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report presents the results of work undertaken to develop instrumentation specifically designed to measure the x-ray output generated by laser-produced plasmas. High-resolution x-ray spectra, laser to x-ray efficiency, x-ray angular distributions, and 75-ps x-ray time histories were systematically obtained using a wide range of targets (Al, V, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ge, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ag, Sn, W, and Au). Results are presented, and the particular instrumentation used in obtaining the data is described. A multichannel curved-crystal spectrograph, calorimeters, and fast time histories are described.
Download or read book An Investigation of X ray Pumped X ray Laser Systems Parameters and Performance written by Li Chen and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applications of X Rays Generated from Lasers and Other Bright Sources written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book X Ray Lasers 2010 written by Jongmin Lee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a thorough account of the current status of achievements made in the area of soft X-Ray laser source development and of the increasingly diverse applications being demonstrated using such radiation sources. There is significant effort worldwide to develop very bright, short duration radiation sources in the X-Ray spectral region – driven by the multitude of potential applications in all branches of science. This book contains updates on several different approaches for comparative purposes but concentrates on developments in the area of laser-produced plasmas, whereby transient population inversion and gain between ion states is pumped by optical lasers interacting with pre-formed plasmas. Topics covered will include Laser-driven XRLs, Collisional XRLs, Recombination XRLs, Transient Inversion Collisional XRLs, Optical Field Ionization XRLs, Alternative XRL, pumping schemes Theory and simulations of XRL gain media and beam properties High order harmonic sources of XUV radiation, Free-electron lasers and other accelerator based X-Ray sources, X-Ray Laser drives, X-Ray optics and instrumentation Spectroscopy, and other diagnostics of laser media Applications of XRLs.
Download or read book Application of Soft X ray Lasers for Probing High Density Plasmas written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reliability and characteristics of collisionally pumped soft x-ray lasers make them ideal for a wide variety of plasma diagnostics. These systems now operate over a wavelength range extending from 35 to 400[Angstrom] and have output energies as high as 10 mJ in 150 ps pulses. The beam divergence of these lasers is less than 15 mrad and they have a typical linewidth of[Delta][lambda]/[lambda][approximately] 10[sup -4] making them the brightest xuv sources available. In this paper we will describe the use of x-ray lasers to probe high density plasmas using a variety of diagnostic techniques. Using an x-ray laser and a multilayer mirror imaging system we have studied hydrodynamic imprinting of laser speckle pattern on directly driven thin foils with 1-2[mu]m spatial resolution. Taking advantage of recently developed multilayer beamsplitters we have constructed and used a Mach-Zehnder interferometer operating at 155[Angstrom] to probe 1-3 mm size laser produced plasmas with peak electron densities of 4 x 10[sup 21] cm[sup -3]. A comparison of our results with computer simulations will be presented.
Download or read book X Ray Lasers 2018 written by Michaela Kozlová and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings gather a selection of invited and contributed papers presented during the 16th International Conference on X-Ray Lasers (ICXRL 2018), held in Prague, Czech Republic, from 7 to 12 October 2018. The conference is part of an ongoing series dedicated to recent developments in the science and technology of X-ray lasers and other coherent X-ray sources, with an additional focus on supporting technologies, instrumentation and applications. The book highlights advances in a wide range of fields including laser and discharge-pumped plasma X-ray lasers, the injection and seeding of X-ray amplifiers, high-order harmonic generation and ultrafast phenomena, X-ray free electron lasers, novel schemes for (in)coherent XUV, X-ray and γ-ray generation, XUV and X-ray imaging, optics and metrology, X-rays and γ-rays for fundamental science, the practical implementation of X-ray lasers, XFELs and super-intense lasers, and the applications and industrial uses of X-ray lasers.
Download or read book X Ray Free Electron Laser written by Kiyoshi Ueda and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "X-Ray Free-Electron Laser" that was published in Applied Sciences
Download or read book A Catoptric X Ray Optical System For Use in Laser Fusion Diagnostics written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compound x-ray imaging device has been developed as an aid in the diagnostics of a laser-fusion process which involves a pellet about 100 microns in diameter. The formation of images using x-rays is replete with geometrical aberrations among which are spherical, coma and the obliquity aberration. While techniques have been developed to minimize the spherical and obliquity aberration, coma continues to give trouble. The well known and oft quoted Abbe's sine condition deals with coma in optical systems operating at normal incidence. Its application to x-ray systems operating at grazing angles of incidence is examined in detail. The result is the development of a new sine condition which is henceforth referred to as the modified sine condition. Its successful application to a multiple mirror x-ray focusing system is demonstrated. (Author).
Download or read book X ray Diodes for Laser Fusion Plasma Diagnostics written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photodiodes with x-ray sensitive photocathodes are commonly used as broadband x-ray detectors in fusion plasma diagnostics. We have measured the risetime of the detector system and have measured the quantum efficiency between 1 to 500 A of numerous photocathode materials of practical interest. The materials studied include aluminum, copper, nickel, gold, three forms of carbon, chromium, and cesium iodide. The results of the measurements are compared with Henke's semiempirical model of photoyield. We have studied the effects of long-term cathode aging and use as a plasma diagnostic on cathode quantum efficiency. In addition, we have measured the x-ray mass-absorption coefficient of several ultrasoft x-ray windows in energy regions where data were unavailable. Windows studied were made of aluminum, Formvar, polypropylene, and Kimfoil. Measurements between 1 to 50 Ȧ were performed with the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory's low-energy x-ray calibration facility, and the measurements between 50 to 550 A were performed at the National Bureau of Standard's synchrotron ultraviolet radiation facility.
Download or read book Ultrafast X ray Diagnostics for Laser Fusion Experiments written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temporally, spectrally, and spatially resolved x-ray emission diagnostics are important tools in the study of the heating and compression of laser fusion targets by sub-nanosecond laser pulses. The use of the Livermore 15 psec resolution x-ray streak camera to make such measurements is reviewed. Temporal histories of spectrally resolved x-ray emission in the 1 to 10 keV range have been obtained. These data have served to further define the x-ray streak camera as a quantative diagnostic tool and have also provided data relating to the absorption and compression phases of laser heating. The x-ray streak camera has been used in conjunction with a specially designed pinhole imaging system to temporally record images of laser compressed targets with a spatial resolution of approximately 6 .mu.m. Implosion characteristics are presented for experiments with glass microshell targets. The concept, development, and testing of an ultrafast framing camera for full two-dimensional time resolved imaging is discussed. A prototype camera, based on the image dissection-restoration concept, has achieved an approximately 200 psec frame period with a resolution of 50 .mu.m.
Download or read book A Catoptric X Ray Optical System For Use in Laser Fusion Diagnostics written by James F. McGee and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compound x-ray imaging device has been developed as an aid in the diagnostics of a laser-fusion process which involves a pellet about 100 microns in diameter. The formation of images using x-rays is replete with geometrical aberrations among which are spherical, coma and the obliquity aberration. While techniques have been developed to minimize the spherical and obliquity aberration, coma continues to give trouble. The well known and oft quoted Abbe's sine condition deals with coma in optical systems operating at normal incidence. Its application to x-ray systems operating at grazing angles of incidence is examined in detail. The result is the development of a new sine condition which is henceforth referred to as the modified sine condition. Its successful application to a multiple mirror x-ray focusing system is demonstrated. (Author).
Download or read book Catoptrical X Ray Optical System For Use in Laser Fusion Diagnostics written by James F. McGee and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compound x-ray imaging device is being developed as an aid in the diagnostics of the laser fusion implosion process which involves a pellet of the order of 100 microns in diameter. Ideally, both temporal and spacial information is being sought. This report deals mainly with the removal of spherical aberration from a single x-ray optical element by means of a surface figure which is described by a polynomial of third order and higher. Such an x-ray focusing element would be useful in an X-Ray Streak camera for obtaining temporal information. Combinations of other higher-order surfaces and aperture stops will be used in a compound imaging-device in the attainment of spacial information with sub-micron resolution. Attention is given to the generation and testing of such high-order surfaces. A specially designed surface generator and lapping machine is described. (Author).
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Femtochemistry Ultrafast Chemical And Physical Processes In Molecular Systems written by Majed Chergui and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996-04-30 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the latest experimental and theoretical developments in the field of femtochemistry, with papers describing the physics and chemistry of ultrafast processes in small molecules, complex molecular systems, clusters, biological systems, solids, matrices, liquids and at surfaces and interfaces. The recent developments in frequency-domain studies of femtodynamics are also presented. In addition, the latest achievements in femtosecond control of chemical reactions are presented, together with the newest techniques in real-time probing of reactions such as ultrafast x-ray or electron diffraction. The papers are rich in references giving a clearcut state-of-the-art of the topics being discussed. The book should be a valuable tool to all persons in the field and to young scientists.Contributors include: A H Zewail, J Jortner, V S Letokhov, J Manz, R S Berry, C Wittig, K B Eisenthal, A W Castleman Jr., J T Hynes, W H Gadzuk, R Kosloff, S Mukamel, K R Wilson; G Fleming, D Wiersma, K Yoshihara, V Sundström, A Apkarian, N Scherer, A Myers, R Schinke, J R Huber, R B Gerber, G Gerber and P M Champion.
Download or read book Application of Strong Field Physics Techniques to X ray Free Electron Laser Science written by Christoph Antony Roedig and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: With the commissioning of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), the first x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) was realized at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. This novel device brings an unprecedented parameter set to a diverse community of scientists. The short wavelengths and short pulse durations enable an entire new class of time resolved structural analysis. The imaging capabilities enabled by the machine will lead to many breakthroughs in the fields of biophysics and nano technology. With the new capabilities of the LCLS come many challenges. The understanding re- quired to effectively utilize the XFEL on complex molecular or biological systems goes back to the basic atomic physics of the interaction of light and matter. The parameter set of this machine is as unprecedented as it will be untested. To make informed measurements with the LCLS beam, a set of novel diagnostic techniques will be required. This report outlines major contributions made to the early experimental atomic physics and diagnostic efforts at LCLS. Building on a rich history of techniques used for ultra short optical lasers and atomic physics experimentation, a diagnostic instrument and experimental techniques are developed to make spectral, energy and temporal measurements of the LCLS pulses possible. Expanding on earlier studies of ionization performed on optical lasers and synchrotron sources, new ionization mechanisms such as multiphoton ionization in the x-ray regime are observed. Leveraging the unique combination of hard x-ray photon energy, extremely short pulse duration and high pulse energy, a technique for the time resolved study of ultrafast inner shell electronic relaxation processes is developed and studied for feasibility. The common theme to the efforts described here is the advancement of proven techniques and interesting atomic physics phenomena to the next generation of ultra short pulsed x-ray laser systems. The atomic physics explored here lay the groundwork for the next level of understanding the new experiments to be performed on molecular, biological and condensed phase systems using XFEL light pulses. The application of basic atomic physics established over the past 40 years with optical laser systems to diagnostic techniques suitable for the new properties of XFELs will lend crucial insight into the orchestration of future XFEL experiments.
Download or read book Advances in X Ray Spectroscopy of Laser Plasmas written by Eugene Oks and published by . This book was released on 2020-07-06 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents advances in X-ray spectroscopy of plasmas interacting with a laser radiation and laser-induced plasmas. This research is practically important for the quest for the controlled nuclear fusion, for studying matter under extreme conditions, for providing atomic reference data, for laboratory modelling of physical processes in astrophysical objects, and for a better understanding of intense laser-plasma interactions. Advances in X-Ray Spectroscopy of Laser Plasmas significantly expands the scope of practical applications of X-ray spectroscopy of laser plasmas compared to traditional X-ray diagnostics of laser plasmas. The recent advances presented in this text make it possible to study the development of Langmuir waves, ion acoustic waves, transverse electromagnetic waves, parametric decay instabilities, as well as the rates of charge exchange between multicharged ions. Key Features Presents novel methods of X-Ray spectroscopy for both non-relativistic and relativistic laser-plasma interactions Includes methods of the X-Ray spectroscopy for measuring ultra-intense magnetic fields in laser plasmas Examines advanced designs of plasma-tunable X-ray lasers Demonstrates various analytical formalisms underlying the advances described in the book
Download or read book X ray Optical Diagnostic of Laser Produced Plasmas for Nuclear Fusion and X ray Lasers written by Randolf Butzbach and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of toroidally bent crystals for the diagnostic of laser-produced plasmas for Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) and Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE, "X-Ray Laser") close to the water-window is described. The optical properties of the crystals as X-ray microscop and -spectrometer is presented by ray-tracing calculations. The observation of Rayleigh-Taylor-Instablities is shown as well as investigations in Ta plasmas for Ni-like X-Ray lasers.
