Download or read book World wide Analysis and Modelling of the Ionospheric and Plasmaspheric Electron Contents by Means of Radio Occultations written by Yixie Shao and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research of this dissertation is studying the ionosphere by GPS radio occultation (RO) techniques. It is mainly divided into two parts. The first part focuses on the methodology in electron density profile retrievals from RO measurements. It aims to get more precise profiles from measured data. Classic Abel inversion is a methodology widely used in RO retrievals, and the error introduced by the spherical symmetry assumption is also well recognised. Separability Method (SM) was developed to eliminate this error in previous studies. In this work, the improvement brought by SM corresponding to classic method is checked and validated. The SM does have better performance excluding the Lack of Collocation (LoC) error. The precision of the results is also shown to depend on the accuracy of the supported GIMs, i.e., the more accurate GIMs are used, the better results can be obtained. The error in SM, introduced by the mis-modelling of using the Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) instead of ECLEO, the electron content below LEO height, is also checked. The result shows that it has only minor impact on the retrievals. The second part is the climatological study of topside ionosphere/bottomside plasmasphere based on the RO retrievals using SM, and aims to give a general picture of characteristics and features of these two regions in different solar periods, 2007 -- solar minimum, and 2014 – solar maximum. The empirical two-components models of topside profiles, STIP model and CPDH model, used to separate the ionospheric and plasmaspheric contribution to the VTEC measured from ground to global positioning system (GPS) satellite altitudes, are studied and validated. The conditions of applicability of the STIP model are also discussed. The same as other existing empirical models, it shows the picture of topside ionosphere till some limited altitude, which is decided by the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite height used to observe the RO. The model is used to derive transition height hu and scale height hs during these two years. Generally, hu and hs show the clear diurnal, seasonal, solar cycle dependencies. The concept of IONf, the ionospheric fractional contribution to VTEC, is introduced and studied. The ionospheric features are shown and most of the ionospheric anomalies have been analyzed through this quantity. Compared to the other ionospheric related parameters, such as Ecion and Ecpl, electron content of ionosphere and plasmasphere, IONf is more stable. Hence, it is more suitable for ionosphere modelling. The Capacitor Model is used to model the consistent ‘ionospheric charging process' during the period of the day between sunrise and midday/afternoon. The model shows a good performance to reproduce real data in different circumstances and for the maximum and minimum solar activity years analyzed.
Download or read book Modelling the Topside Ionosphere and Plasmasphere written by COSPAR. Scientific Assembly and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ionospheric Tomography written by Viacheslav E. Kunitsyn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-05-13 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authored by leading international researchers, this monograph introduces and reviews developed tomograhic methods for discovering 2D and 3D structures of the ionosphere, and discusses the experimental implementation of these methods. The detailed derivations and explanations make this book an excellent starting point for non-specialists.
Download or read book The Ionosphere written by Dave Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book IAG 150 Years written by Chris Rizos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-08 with total page 751 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings contains a selection of peer-reviewed papers presented at the IAG Scientific Assembly, Postdam, Germany, 1-6 September, 2013. The scientific sessions were focussed on the definition, implementation and scientific applications of reference frames; gravity field determination and applications; the observation and assessment of earth hazards. It presents a collection of the contributions on the applications of earth rotations dynamics, on observation systems and services as well as on imaging and positioning techniques and its applications.
Download or read book GNSS Remote Sensing written by Shuanggen Jin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The versatile and available GNSS signals can detect the Earth’s surface environments as a new, highly precise, continuous, all-weather and near-real-time remote sensing tool. This book presents the theory and methods of GNSS remote sensing as well as its applications in the atmosphere, oceans, land and hydrology. Ground-based atmospheric sensing, space-borne atmospheric sensing, reflectometry, ocean remote sensing, hydrology sensing as well as cryosphere sensing with the GNSS will be discussed per chapter in the book.
Download or read book Earth Observation with CHAMP written by Christoph Reigber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-27 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the summer of 2000 the German geo-research satellite CHAMP was launched into orbit. Its innovative payload arrangement and the low initial orbit allow CHAMP to simultaneously collect and almost continuously analyse precise data relating to gravity and magnetic fields at low altitude. In addition, CHAMP also measures the neutral atmosphere and ionosphere using GPS techniques. Three years after launch, more than 200 CHAMP investigators and co-investigators from all over the world met at the GeoForschungsZentrum in Potsdam to present and discuss the results derived from the extensive data sets of the mission. The main outcome of this expert meeting is summarized in this volume. The book offers a comprehensive insight into the present status of the exploitation of CHAMP data for Earth system research and practical applications in geodesy, geophysics and meteorology.
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ionospheric Space Weather written by Timothy Fuller-Rowell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-11-23 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is the outcome of an American Geophysical Union Chapman Conference on longitude and hemispheric dependence of ionospheric space weather, including the impact of waves propagating from the lower atmosphere. The Chapman Conference was held in Africa as a means of focusing attention on an extensive geographic region where observations are critically needed to address some of the fundamental questions of the physical processes driving the ionosphere locally and globally. The compilation of papers from the conference describes the physics of this system and the mechanisms that control ionospheric space weather in a combination of tutorial-like and focused articles that will be of value to the upper atmosphere scientific community in general and to ongoing global magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere (MIT) modeling efforts in particular. A number of articles from each science theme describe details of the physics behind each phenomenon that help to solve the complexity of the MIT system. Because this volume is an outcome of the research presented at this first space science Chapman Conference held in Africa, it has further provided an opportunity for African scientists to communicate their research results with the international community. In addition, the meeting and this conference volume will greatly enhance the space science education and research interest in the African continent and around the world. Ionospheric Space Weather includes articles from six science themes that were discussed at the Chapman Conference in 2012. These include: Hemispherical dependence of magnetospheric energy injection and the thermosphere-ionosphere response Longitude and hemispheric dependence of storm-enhanced densities (SED) Response of the thermosphere and ionosphere to variability in solar radiation Longitude spatial structure in total electron content and electrodynamics Temporal response to lower-atmosphere disturbances Ionospheric irregularities and scintillation Ionospheric Space Weather: Longitude Dependence and Lower Atmosphere Forcing will be useful to both active researchers and advanced graduate students in the field of physics, geophysics, and engineering, especially those who are keen to acquire a global understanding of ionospheric phenomena, including observational information from all longitude sectors across the globe.
Download or read book Atmospheric Effects in Space Geodesy written by Johannes Böhm and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-12 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various effects of the atmosphere have to be considered in space geodesy and all of them are described and treated consistently in this textbook. Two chapters are concerned with ionospheric and tropospheric path delays of microwave and optical signals used by space geodetic techniques, such as the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), or Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR). It is explained how these effects are best reduced and modelled to improve the accuracy of space geodetic measurements. Other chapters are on the deformation of the Earth’s crust due to atmospheric loading, on atmospheric excitation of Earth rotation, and on atmospheric effects on gravity field measurements from special satellite missions such as CHAMP, GRACE, and GOCE. All chapters have been written by staff members of the Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation at TU Wien who are experts in the particular fields.
Download or read book Ionospheric Prediction and Forecasting written by Bruno Zolesi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-25 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes how to predict and forecast the state of planet Earth’s ionosphere under quiet and disturbed conditions in terms of dynamical processes in the weakly ionized plasma media of the upper atmosphere and their relation to available modern measurements and modelling techniques. It explains the close relationship between the state of the media and the radio wave propagation conditions via this media. The prediction and forecasting algorithms, methods and models are oriented towards providing a practical approach to ionospherically dependent systems design and engineering. Proper understanding of the ionosphere is of fundamental practical importance because it is an essential part of telecommunication and navigation systems that use the ionosphere to function or would function much better in its nonappearance on the Earth and on any planet with an atmosphere.
Download or read book Earth Observation with CHAMP written by Christoph Reigber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the summer of 2000 the German geo-research satellite CHAMP was launched into orbit. Its innovative payload arrangement and the low initial orbit allow CHAMP to simultaneously collect and almost continuously analyse precise data relating to gravity and magnetic fields at low altitude. In addition, CHAMP also measures the neutral atmosphere and ionosphere using GPS techniques. Three years after launch, more than 200 CHAMP investigators and co-investigators from all over the world met at the GeoForschungsZentrum in Potsdam to present and discuss the results derived from the extensive data sets of the mission. The main outcome of this expert meeting is summarized in this volume. The book offers a comprehensive insight into the present status of the exploitation of CHAMP data for Earth system research and practical applications in geodesy, geophysics and meteorology.
Download or read book Atmosphere and Climate written by Ulrich Foelsche and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-08-11 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents carefully edited and peer-reviewed papers from the 2nd International Workshop on Occultations for Probing Atmosphere and Climate (OPAC-2), held in Graz, Austria. It starts with a general introductory paper and proceeds to address the full range from methodology in general via specific occultation methods (GNSS-LEO, LEO-LEO, stellar and solar) to the use of occultation data, with focus on atmospheric physics, meteorology and climate.
Download or read book The Earth s Plasmasphere written by Fabien Darrouzet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-21 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: James L. Burch·C. Philippe Escoubet Originally published in the journal Space Science Reviews, Volume 145, Nos 1–2, 1–2. DOI: 10. 1007/s11214-009-9532-7 © Springer Science+Business Media B. V. 2009 The IMAGE and CLUSTER spacecraft have revolutionized our understanding of the inner magnetosphere and in particular the plasmasphere. Before launch, the plasmasphere was not a prime objective of the CLUSTER mission. In fact, CLUSTER might not have ever observed this region because a few years before the CLUSTER launch (at the beginning of the 1990s), it was proposed to raise the perigee of the orbit to 8 Earth radii to make multipoint measu- ments in the current disruption region in the tail. Because of ground segment constraints, this proposal did not materialize. In view of the great depth and breadth of plasmaspheric research and numerous papers published on the plasmasphere since the CLUSTER launch, this choice certainly was a judicious one. The fact that the plasmasphere was one of the prime targets in the inner magnetosphere for IMAGE provided a unique opportunity to make great strides using the new and comp- mentary measurements of the two missions. IMAGE, with sensitive EUV cameras, could for the rst time make global images of the plasmasphere and show its great variability d- ing storm-time. CLUSTER, with four-spacecraft, could analyze in situ spatial and temporal structures at the plasmapause that are particularly important in such a dynamic system.
Download or read book The Effect of the Ionosphere on Communication Navigation and Surveillance Systems written by John M. Goodman and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Space Physics and Aeronomy Space Weather Effects and Applications written by Anthea J. Coster and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-27 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines how solar and terrestrial space phenomena affect sophisticated technological systems Contemporary society relies on sophisticated technologies to manage electricity distribution, communication networks, transportation safety, and myriad other systems. The successful design and operation of both ground-based and space-based systems must consider solar and terrestrial space phenomena and processes. Space Weather Effects and Applications describes the effects of space weather on various present-day technologies and explores how improved instrumentation to measure Earth's space environment can be used to more accurately forecast changes and disruptions. Volume highlights include: Damage and disruption to orbiting satellite equipment by solar particles and cosmic rays Effects of space radiation on aircraft at high altitudes and latitudes Response of radio and radar-based systems to solar bursts Disturbances to the propagation of radio waves caused by space weather How geomagnetic field changes impact ground-based systems such as pipelines Impacts of human exposure to the space radiation environment The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about the Space Physics and Aeronomy collection in this Q&A with the Editors in Chief
Download or read book An Analysis of Ionospheric Electron Content Measurements Utilizing Satellite Emitted Signals written by George H. Millman and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytical techniques are available which make use of the Faraday polarization rotation and the Doppler frequency shift phenomena for determining the ionospheric electron content by the passive monitoring of radio wave transmissions emanating from earth satellites. The accuracy of the various techniques can be evaluated by the simulator-computer program described in this report. The major components of the simulator consist of a satellite-orbit generator, a time-variant three-dimensional electron density model and an earth magnetic field model expressed in terms of a series of spherical harmonics. Ray tracings are performed utilizing Simpson's rule for numerical integration of the definite integrals defining the propagation phenomena. Preliminary results are presented of an analysis performed for one location in the midlatitudes. (Author).
