Download or read book Working Postures and Movements written by Nico J. Delleman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-06-29 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most industries, musculoskeletal injuries are the most common work-related reason for employee absences. These injuries are often caused by static postures or repetitive movements that have to be maintained for many hours a day, such as intensive use of data entry devices, assembly work, parts inspection, equipment maintenance, manual materials handling, machinery operations, and vehicle operation, among others. In order to prevent such injuries, occupational health professionals, ergonomists, production engineers, and product designers need to know how to evaluate postures and movements, and understand how these are determined by the work environment, as well as what design tools are available to achieve less stressful working postures and movements.Working Postures and Movements describes many internationally accepted evaluation tools applicable to postures and movements in the work environment. Renowned researchers from around the world have brought together the latest scientific knowledge describing the anthropometry, biomechanics, physiology, psychophysics, and human perceptual-motor control basis for posture and movement assessment related to all the major body segments. The book addresses seating concepts, hand tool and pedal designs, foot-floor interfaces, digital human models for computer-aided design and engineering, and work organization (task duration, breaks, handling frequency) as they affect human performance and musculoskeletal injury reduction. Professionals responsible for identifying and improving conditions in the industries where such workplace injuries occur will find this volume to be a handy sourcebook, while teachers and students will find it to be a valuable reference.

Download or read book Ergonomics Of Working Postures written by E. N. Corlett and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1986-10-09 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on an international symposium on the Ergonomics of Working Postures, at Zadar. It explores fairly specific areas of occupational ergonomics with the purpose of drawing together major current trends.

Download or read book Working Postures and Movements written by Nico J Delleman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-02 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most industries, musculoskeletal injuries are the most common work-related reason for employee absences. These injuries are often caused by static postures or repetitive movements that have to be maintained for many hours a day, such as intensive use of data entry devices, assembly work, parts inspection, equipment maintenance, manual materials handling, machinery operations, and vehicle operation, among others. The book addresses seating concepts, hand tool and pedal designs, foot-floor interfaces, digital human models for computer-aided design and engineering, and work organization (task duration, breaks, handling frequency) as they affect human performance and musculoskeletal injury reduction. Professionals responsible for identifying and improving conditions in the industries where such workplace injuries occur will find this volume to be a handy sourcebook, while teachers and students will find it to be a valuable reference.

Download or read book Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-05-24 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year workers' low-back, hand, and arm problems lead to time away from jobs and reduce the nation's economic productivity. The connection of these problems to workplace activities-from carrying boxes to lifting patients to pounding computer keyboards-is the subject of major disagreements among workers, employers, advocacy groups, and researchers. Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace examines the scientific basis for connecting musculoskeletal disorders with the workplace, considering people, job tasks, and work environments. A multidisciplinary panel draws conclusions about the likelihood of causal links and the effectiveness of various intervention strategies. The panel also offers recommendations for what actions can be considered on the basis of current information and for closing information gaps. This book presents the latest information on the prevalence, incidence, and costs of musculoskeletal disorders and identifies factors that influence injury reporting. It reviews the broad scope of evidence: epidemiological studies of physical and psychosocial variables, basic biology, biomechanics, and physical and behavioral responses to stress. Given the magnitude of the problem-approximately 1 million people miss some work each year-and the current trends in workplace practices, this volume will be a must for advocates for workplace health, policy makers, employers, employees, medical professionals, engineers, lawyers, and labor officials.

Download or read book Working Posture Assessment written by Daniela Colombini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers how to analyze awkward working postures, particularly of the spine and lower limbs, in specific groups exposed. The methods covered suggests how to evaluate the postures correctly, taking account of the duration and sequence of the tasks involved, even in very complex scenarios where workers are involved with multiple tasks and work cycles varying from day to day. Excel spreadsheets located on the authors’ website (www.epmresearch.org) have been developed to gather, condense, and automatically process the data. The tools serve to implement the strategy for calculating risk associated with exposure to awkward postures, i.e. the TACOS method. Included are 5 case studies which include physiotherapists, workers from construction, archaeological digs, vineyards, and kindergarten teachers. Features Provides a coherent definition of what the study of awkward postures is Clarifies and explains which parameters need to be detected and analyzed for the study of the working postures Defines the phases of a proper organizational study (e.g. tasks, postures, duration, and how often the postures will last) in the working cycle Presents a new and original risk calculation model for awkward postures, with particular attention to the study of the spine and the lower limbs Offers a free excel spreadsheet located on the authors' website which implements the strategy for calculating risk associated with exposure to awkward postures

Download or read book Ergonomics Of Working Postures written by E. N. Corlett and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1986-10-09 with total page 1342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on an international symposium on the Ergonomics of Working Postures, at Zadar. It explores fairly specific areas of occupational ergonomics with the purpose of drawing together major current trends.

Download or read book Origins and Evolution of Formal Training to Movement and Posture in Risk Prevention in France written by Catherine Teiger and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prevention of occupational health hazards, in France, has traditionally been practiced within the framework of two separate, almost independent approaches. The first is a technically-oriented approach focused on the design and/or layout of the work space, machines and equipment, and on protecting individual “safety,” usually according to a priori notions of security, irrespective of concrete working conditions. The second approach is human-oriented, with an emphasis on worker training and accountability. It involves imposing rules on workers, impressing upon them knowledge that will supposedly motivate their adoption of a priori “safe behaviours” (e.g. proper procedures and postures), irregardless of the type of work activity or its context. These approaches are based on long-standing more or less implicit models of the work, the worker, prevention and training, which we must become familiar with and discuss in order to gain a better understanding of certain obstacles to changing work conditions. Thus, our goal in this article was to identify influences that have shaped the formalization of training in the area of occupational hazard prevention (in particular, material handling training). This field has become increasingly more structured in France over the past fifty years, beginning with the creation of the Sécurité sociale (Caisse nationale d'assurance maladie des travailleurs salariés - CNAMTS) after World War II (1946), and various services related to workplace hazard prevention that came along with it, in particular the Institut national de sécurité, now known as the Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (the equivalent of the Institut de recherche en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec [Quebec Occupational Health and Safety Research Institute]). Various institutions have participated in, and influenced the development of the concepts upon which it was based. These training activities have been impacted by a variety of wide-ranging schools of thought that over time have led to interactions and the development of new disciplines, such as ergonomics, which in turn, have played a role in this evolution. Initially, fifty years ago, the common thread running through occupational hazard prevention efforts was an endeavour to adapt ideas and techniques developed in the sports world, to the workplace. The athlete was viewed as a role model of achievement, both physically and morally. The implicit references are the model of manual labour and values of virility that corresponded to the conventional image of salaried employment in that era - the physical work of male labourers involved in heavy industry, mining, transportation and construction. Many trades in this industry sector explicitly required handling heavy loads, as masse mechanization in France only dates back some twenty-five years. The work carried out by women would only be taken into account starting in the 1970s, with the advent of mass production industries and support operations. The ideal worker model was that of the “industrial athlete,” the end product of harmonious physical development and physical training that should be encouraged - a continuous process starting with initial training in professional schools followed by “procedures and postures” training for employed individuals - through the practice of physical exercise, based on “natural” activities of the noble savage, which also happens to be the preferred method for training young military recruits (“obstacle course” type). In fact, applying athletic practices to the civilian business world was part of a much earlier attempt dating back to the sanitation trend of the nineteenth century, when public health concerns led to initiatives for countering the harmful effects of industrialization on worker health. In times of war, these workers would prove to be poor soldiers. Among the solutions adopted, was the implementation of athletic education programs in the late nineteenth century, in the hope of achieving harmonious physical development among the male population. This period was one of significant growth in the sectors of accessible sporting goods and systematic athletic training, aimed initially at academic institutions, the general public and later the workplace. The soldier, “noble savage,” athlete and worker models were closely interrelated and would remain so for a good thirty years, implicitly shaping formalized training in the field of musculoskeletal disorder prevention. In both the workplace and the occupational science community, the operative model was that of “man's adaptation to work” via screening and employment training. The first INS “operating procedures and working postures” training instructors were military personnel and top athletes. Thus, their teaching approach was authoritarian, inspired by conditioning theories and delivered through orders and “proper procedure and posture” drills, which supposedly would become unconditional reflex behaviours under all circumstances. The postures and movements are only considered from the perspective of biomechanics, without any relation to the work. This training intended to reduce occupational accidents initially involved a corps of prevention instructors formed in the late 1950s. These “company manual labour coaches” were recruited from among ordinary labour volunteers who agreed to deliver this training to their co-workers, after receiving training themselves. The results, however, are less than conclusive. The training delivered by the Social Security Agency has since evolved. The “manual labour” style has been replaced by “security operating procedures and working postures,” significantly broadening the point of view. The targeted population base has also expanded. The Social Security Agency has gradually evolved by and through institutional prevention technicians, some of whom have been receiving ergonomic training for several years. The result of all these factors taken together is that the process itself is currently undergoing changes brought on by contradictory influences. The internal debate has been fuelled by the considerable recent escalation in the number of musculoskeletal disorder cases. The limits of traditional training approaches are now recognized by both ergonomists and some prevention professionals who are currently attempting to introduce a third avenue. This proposed method involves striking a balance between the technical and human orientations on the basis of understanding the actual work. Particular emphasis would be placed on developing safety training programmes designed to develop the reflective thinking skills of all prevention players with respect to their actual work, as well as their latitude for changing technical and/or organizational aspects of the work. The goal is to deal with the source of the hazard, while maintaining favourable working conditions and promoting good health. Our training-action experiments conducted in recent years with a view to promoting an ergonomic analysis of work as a “tool of, by and for action” in the workplace, has led us to question especially the historical ideas and practices of formalized training in the field of musculoskeletal hazards, which continues to be an important issue, despite the “modernization” of work. A brief analysis is presented herein.

Download or read book Tech Stress written by Erik Peper, Ph.D. and published by North Atlantic Books. This book was released on 2020-08-25 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fresh, science-backed approach to reframing our often damaging relationship with technology—with tips on ergonomics, optimal screen-time, combatting ‘brain drain’, and more. Reclaim health, happiness, and sanity in a plugged-in world with this self-help guide for the 21st-century worker suffering from burnout, Zoom fatigue, shortened attention span, and smartphone addiction. Evolution shapes behavior—and as a species, we've evolved to be drawn to the instant gratification, constant connectivity, and the shiny lights, beeps, and chimes of our ever-present devices. In earlier eras, these hardwired evolutionary patterns may have set us up for success, but today they confuse our instincts, leaving us vulnerable and stressed out from fractured attention, missed sleep, skipped meals, aches, pains, and exhaustion. So how can we avoid the pitfalls programmed into modern technology use? Tech Stress offers real, practical tools to avoid the evolutionary traps that trip us up and to address the problems associated with technology overuse. You will find a range of effective strategies and best practices to individualize your workspace (in the office and at home), reduce physical strain, prevent sore muscles, combat brain drain, and correct poor posture. The book also provides fresh insights on reducing stress and enhancing health.

Download or read book Advances in Physical Ergonomics and Safety written by Tareq Z. Ahram and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-07-10 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on recent research, this book discusses physical ergonomics, which is concerned with human anatomical, anthropometric, physiological and biomechanical characteristics as they relate to physical activity. Topics include working postures, materials handling, repetitive movements, work-related musculoskeletal disorders, workplace layout, safety, and health.

Download or read book Risk Assessment and Management of Repetitive Movements and Exertions of Upper Limbs written by Daniela Colombini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-04-23 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In industrialised countries, musculo-skeletrical disorders of the upper limbs represent one of the commonest work-related diseases. All working activities habitually requiring repetitive upper limb movements and exertions represent a potential risk for these disorders under certain conditions. This practical manual provides a clear and detailed solution to the problem of assessing and consequently managing these risks in conformity with European Union legislation covering the safety and protection of workers' health. The book contains many tables, diagrams and schedules, enhancing its practical value. The methods it proposes for analyzing and designing or redesigning jobs and tasks do not require sophisticated equipment and are largely based on situations encountered in large manufacturing factories. Since risk analysis also concerns how jobs and tasks are organized, many concepts and terms are defined that prevention experts can share with those responsible for planning and organizing manufacturing activities on the shop floor.

Download or read book ERGOCHECK for a Preliminary Mapping of Risk at Work written by Daniela Colombini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-03-24 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the latest developments being pursued by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other international organizations (ILO, ISO), in relation to preventing work-related diseases and disorders, concerns the creation of "toolkits" and, within them, of simple tools. This book suggests a methodology and a comprehensive simple tool (ERGOCHECK, downloadable for free from the website www.epmresearch.org) for bringing together various potential risk factors to undertake a preliminary mapping of discomfort/danger in the workplaces and to assess consequent priorities for prevention, especially (but not only) in small and very small businesses. The tool is primarily designed to be used by employers, OSH (Occupational Health and Safety) operators and trade union representatives, but it may also be useful for occupational medical staff conducting periodical inspections and drafting health surveillance protocols, and for supervisory bodies (labor inspectors) conducting inspections in the workplace needing to rapidly detect potentially dangerous situations requiring specific preventive interventions. Daniela Colombini is a certified European ergonomist and a senior researcher at the Research Unit Ergonomics of Posture and Movement, Milan, where she developed methods for the analysis, evaluation and management of risk and damage from occupational biomechanical overload. She was a professor at the School of Specialization in Occupational Medicine in University of Milan and University of Florence. She is the coauthor of the OCRA method (EN 1005-5 standard and ISO 11228-3). She is the founder and president of the EPM International Ergonomics School (EPMIES). She has been working with accredited native teachers in countries such as the USA, France, India, Spain, Chile, Colombia, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Brazil and other South American countries. She is a member of the Ergonomics Committee of UNI working in the international commissions of European Committee for Normalization (CEN) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Enrico Occhipinti is a certified European ergonomist. He is a professor at the School of Specialization in Occupational Medicine in University of Milano, and the director of the Research Unit Ergonomics of Posture and Movement (EPM) at Fondazione Don Gnocchi ONLUS-Milano. He developed and coauthored the OCRA method. He is a member and has been a coordinator (up to 2012) of the Technical Committee on Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA), and represents Italy in international commissions of the CEN and the ISO dealing with ergonomics and biomechanics.

Download or read book Safety of Machinery Human Physical Performance Evaluation of Working Postures and Movements in Relation to Machinery written by British Standards Institute Staff and published by . This book was released on 2005-06-27 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Equipment safety, Occupational safety, Ergonomics, Physiological effects (human body), People, Working conditions (physical), Environment (working), Safety measures, Hazards, Human body, Design, Risk assessment, Verification

Download or read book Guidelines for Nursing Homes written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Work related Musculoskeletal Disorders written by Orhan Korhan and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-10-02 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) refer to a wide range of inflammatory and degenerative conditions that occur in the workplace or are caused by work activities. WRMSDs affect the muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, peripheral nerves, and supporting blood vessels. These conditions can cause pain and functional impairment and they often result in direct economic costs to both the workplace and the worker. Injuries sustained at work can negatively affect a person's physical and mental health as well as a company's bottom line. This book describes the human musculoskeletal system, including such topics as anthropometry and posture, as it relates to accidents and injuries in the workplace. Chapters discuss such subjects as job standards; risk assessment; direct and indirect costs of WRMSDs; epidemiology, etiology, and pathology of WRMSDs; engineering and administrative controls; risk factor identification; injury management; and education and training. It presents a holistic approach to identifying, intervening, and preventing WRMSDs.

Download or read book Production Ergonomics written by Cecilia Berlin and published by Ubiquity Press. This book was released on 2017-06-28 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Production ergonomics – the science and practice of designing industrial workplaces to optimize human well-being and system performance – is a complex challenge for a designer. Humans are a valuable and flexible resource in any system of creation, and as long as they stay healthy, alert and motivated, they perform well and also become more competent over time, which increases their value as a resource. However, if a system designer is not mindful or aware of the many threats to health and system performance that may emerge, the end result may include inefficiency, productivity losses, low working morale, injuries and sick-leave. To help budding system designers and production engineers tackle these design challenges holistically, this book offers a multi-faceted orientation in the prerequisites for healthy and effective human work. We will cover physical, cognitive and organizational aspects of ergonomics, and provide both the individual human perspective and that of groups and populations, ending up with a look at global challenges that require workplaces to become more socially and economically sustainable. This book is written to give you a warm welcome to the subject, and to provide a solid foundation for improving industrial workplaces to attract and retain healthy and productive staff in the long run.

Download or read book Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders written by Steering Committee for the Workshop on Work-Related Musculoskeletal Injuries: The Research Base and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-03-25 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimated costs associated with lost days and compensation claims related to musculoskeletal disorders-including back pains and repetitive motion injuries-range from $13 billion to $20 billion annually. This is a serious national problem that has spurred considerable debate about the causal links between such disorders and risk factors in the workplace. This book presents a preliminary assessment of what is known about the relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and what may cause them. It includes papers and a workshop summary of findings from orthopedic surgery, public health, occupational medicine, epidemiology, risk analysis, ergonomics, and human factors. Topics covered include the biological responses of tissues to stress, the biomechanics of work stressors, the epidemiology of physical work factors, and the contributions of individual, recreational, and social factors to such disorders. The book also considers the relative success of various workplace interventions for prevention and rehabilitation.

Download or read book The New Rules of Posture written by Mary Bond and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2006-11-29 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A manual for understanding the anatomical and emotional components of posture in order to heal chronic pain • Contains self-help exercises and ergonomics information to help correct unhealthy movement patterns • Teaches how to adopt suitable posture in the modern sedentary world Many people cause their own back and body pain through their everyday bad postural and movement habits. Many sense that their poor posture is probably the root of the problem, but they are unable to change long-standing habits. In The New Rules of Posture, Mary Bond approaches postural changes from the inside out. She explains that healthy posture comes from a new sense we can learn to feel, not by training our muscles into an ideal shape. Drawing from 35 years of helping people improve their bodies, she shows how habitual movement patterns and emotional factors lead to unhealthy posture. She contends that posture is the physical action we take to orient ourselves in relation to situations, emotions, and people; in order to improve our posture, we need to examine both our physical postural traits and the self-expression that underlies the way we sit, stand, and move. The way we walk, she says, is our body’s signature. Bond identifies the key anatomical features that impact alignment, particularly in light of our modern sedentary lives, and proposes six zones that help create postural changes: the pelvic floor, the breathing muscles, the abdomen, the hands, the feet, and the head. She offers self-help exercises that enable healthy function in each zone as well as information on basic ergonomics and case histories to inspire us to think about our own habitual movements. This book is a resource for Pilates, yoga, and dance instructors as well as healthcare professionals in educating people about postural self-care so they can relieve chronic pain and enjoy all life activities with greater ease.