Download or read book Working Memory and Severe Learning Difficulties PLE Memory written by Charles Hulme and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-05-09 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Working memory" is a term used to refer to the systems responsible for the temporary storage of information during the performance of cognitive tasks. The efficiency of working memory skills in children may place limitations on the learning and performance of educationally important skills such as reading, language comprehension and arithmetic. Originally published in 1992, this monograph considers the development of working memory skills in children with severe learning difficulties. These children have marked difficulties with a wide range of cognitive tasks. The studies reported show that they also experience profound difficulties in verbal working memory tasks. These memory problems are associated with a failure to rehearse information within an articulatory loop. Training the children to rehearse material is shown to help alleviate these problems. The implications of these studies for understanding normal memory development, and for models of the structure of working memory and its development are discussed. It is argued that the working memory deficits seen in people with severe learning difficulties may contribute to their difficulties on other cognitive tasks.

Download or read book Working Memory and Severe Learning Difficulties written by Charles Hulme and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Working Memory and Severe Learning Difficulties PLE Memory written by Charles Hulme and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-05-09 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Working memory" is a term used to refer to the systems responsible for the temporary storage of information during the performance of cognitive tasks. The efficiency of working memory skills in children may place limitations on the learning and performance of educationally important skills such as reading, language comprehension and arithmetic. Originally published in 1992, this monograph considers the development of working memory skills in children with severe learning difficulties. These children have marked difficulties with a wide range of cognitive tasks. The studies reported show that they also experience profound difficulties in verbal working memory tasks. These memory problems are associated with a failure to rehearse information within an articulatory loop. Training the children to rehearse material is shown to help alleviate these problems. The implications of these studies for understanding normal memory development, and for models of the structure of working memory and its development are discussed. It is argued that the working memory deficits seen in people with severe learning difficulties may contribute to their difficulties on other cognitive tasks.

Download or read book Working Memory and Neurodevelopmental Disorders written by Tracy Packiam Alloway and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Short-term or working memory - the capacity to hold and manipulate information mentally over brief periods of time - plays an important role in supporting a wide range of everyday activities, particularly in childhood. Children with weak working memory skills often struggle in key areas of learning and, given its impact on cognitive abilities, the identification of working memory impairments is a priority for those who work with children with learning disabilities. Working Memory and Neurodevelopmental Disorders supports clinical assessment and management of working memory deficits by summarising the current theoretical understanding and methods of assessment of working memory. It outlines the working memory profiles of individuals with a range of neurodevelopmental disorders (including Down's syndrome, Williams syndrome, Specific Language Impairment, and ADHD), and identifies useful means of alleviating the anticipated learning difficulties of children with deficits of working memory. This comprehensive and informative text will appeal to academics and researchers in cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and developmental psychology, and will be useful reading for students in these areas. Educational psychologists will also find this a useful text, as it covers the role of working memory in learning difficulties specific to the classroom.

Download or read book Improving Working Memory in Learning and Intellectual Disabilities written by Silvia Lanfranchi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last forty years of research have demonstrated that working memory (WM) is a key concept for understanding higher-order cognition. To give an example, WM is involved in reading comprehension, problem solving and reasoning, but also in a number of everyday life activities. It has a clear role in the case of atypical development too. For instance, numerous studies have shown an impairment in WM in individuals with learning disabilities (LD) or intellectual disabilities (ID); and several researchers have hypothesized that this can be linked to their difficulties in learning, cognition and everyday life. The latest challenge in the field concerns the trainability of WM. If it is a construct central to our understanding of cognition in typical and atypical development, then specific intervention to sustain WM performance might also promote changes in cognitive processes associated with WM. The idea that WM can be modified is debated, however, partly because of the theoretical implications of this view, and partly due to the generally contradictory results obtained so far. In fact, most studies converge in demonstrating specific effects of WM training, i.e. improvements in the trained tasks, but few transfer effects to allied cognitive processes are generally reported. It is worth noting that any maintenance effects (when investigated) are even more meagre. In addition, a number of methodological concerns have been raised in relation to the use of: 1. single tasks to assess the effects of a training program; 2. WM tasks differing from those used in the training to assess the effects of WM training; and 3. passive control groups. These and other crucial issues have so far prevented any conclusions from being drawn on the efficacy of WM training. Bearing in mind that the opportunity to train WM could have a huge impact in the educational and clinical settings, it seems fundamentally important to shed more light on the limits and potential of this line of research. The aim of the research discussed here is to generate new evidence on the feasibility of training WM in individuals with LD and ID. There are several questions that could be raised in this field. For a start, can WM be trained in this population? Are there some aspects of WM that can be trained more easily than others? Can a WM training reduce the impact of LD and ID on learning outcomes, and on everyday living? What kind of training program is best suited to the promotion of such changes?

Download or read book Understanding Working Memory written by Tracy Packiam Alloway and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2014-10-27 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is hard to conceive of a classroom activity that does not involve working memory – our ability to work with information. In fact, it would be impossible for students to learn without working memory. From following instructions to reading a sentence, from sounding out an unfamiliar word to calculating a math problem, nearly everything a student does in the classroom requires working with information. Even when a student is asked to do something simple, like take out their science book and open it to page 289, they have to use their working memory. Most children have a working memory that is strong enough to quickly find the book and open to the correct page, but some don’t – approximately 10% in any classroom. A student who loses focus and often daydreams may fall in this 10%. A student who isn’t living up to their potential may fall in this 10%. A student who may seem unmotivated may fall in this 10%. In the past, many of these students would have languished at the bottom of the class, because their problems seemed insurmountable and a standard remedy like extra tuition didn’t solve them. But emerging evidence shows that many of these children can improve their performance by focusing on their working memory. Working memory is a foundational skill in the classroom and when properly supported it can often turn around a struggling student’s prospects. This book will make sure you are able to spot problems early, work with children to improve their working memory and ensure they reach their full potential. How does the book work? Each of the following chapters includes a description of the learning difficulty (WHAT), followed by an inside look into the brain of a student with the disorder (WHERE), their unique working memory profile (WHY), and classroom strategies to support working memory (HOW). There are two types of strategies: general working memory strategies that can be applied to all students in your class, and specific working memory strategies for each learning difficulty. The final chapter (Chapter 9) provides the student with tools to empower them along their learning journey. The aim in supporting students with learning difficulties is not just to help them survive in the classroom, but to thrive as well. The strategies in the book can provide scaffolding and support that will unlock their working memory potential to boost learning. They are designed to be easily integrated within the classroom setting as a dimension of an inclusive curriculum and used in developing an individualized education program (IEP) for the student. The strategies recommended here can also complement existing programs that support a core deficit, such as a social skills program for a student with autistic spectrum disorder, or behavior modification for those with ADHD. Each chapter also includes: Try It box: Provides the reader with an opportunity to have a hands-on understanding of the material Science Flash box: Gives the reader a snapshot of current and interesting research related to each chapter Current Debate box: Discusses a controversial issue pertaining to the disorder Tracy Packiam Alloway is an award-winning psychologist based at the University of North Florida Ross Alloway is the CEO of Memosyne Ltd, a company that brings cutting-edge scientific research to parents.

Download or read book Working Memory and Learning written by Susan Gathercole and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2008-01-09 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr Tracy Alloway has been awarded the prestigious Joseph Lister Award from the British Science Association. ′The authors have written a guide for practitioners that is both highly practical, and yet based upon sound theoretical principles....This book achieves a successful, yet often elusive, link between theory, research and practice, and deserves to have a high readership. I will have no hesitation in recommending it to a range of readers′ - Jane Mott, Support for Learning ′This book fulfils its aim to explain working memory and the limits it places on children′s classroom learning. For teachers it gives a very clear guide and fills a gap in understanding that can only lead to more child-centred approaches to teaching and learning′ - Lynn Ambler, Support for Learning ′A clear and accessible account of current theory and research, which is then applied to children′s learning in the classroom....The range of strategies...are well grounded in theory derived from research and sit within a coherent conceptual model′ - The Psychologist ′An easy to read yet informative book that explains the concepts clearly and offers practitioners ways to support those with poor working memory in the classroom′ - SNIP `The topic of working memory nowadays tends to dominate discussions with teachers and parents, and both groups can helpfully be directed to this easy-to-read but serious text ... (it) is likely to prove a turning-point in the management and facilitation of hard-to-teach children. In a situation muddied by ever-multiplying syndromes and disorders, this book delivers a clarifying and reassuring isolation of the major cognitive characteristic that cuts across all the boundaries and leaves the class teacher and SENCO empowered. I think very highly of the book and shall be recommending it steadily′ - Martin Turner, Child Center for Evaluation and Teaching, Kuwait Susan Gathercole is winner of the British Psychological Society′s President′s Award for 2007 A good working memory is crucial to becoming a successful learner, yet there is very little material available in an easy-to-use format that explains the concept and offers practitioners ways to support children with poor working memory in the classroom. This book provides a coherent overview of the role played by working memory in learning during the school years, and uses theory to inform good practice. Topics covered include: - the link between working memory skills and key areas of learning (such as literacy & numeracy) - the relationship between working memory and children with developmental disorders - assessment of children for working memory deficits - strategies for supporting working memory in under-performing children This accessible guide will help SENCOs, teachers, teaching assistants, speech and language therapists and educational psychologists to understand and address working memory in their setting.

Download or read book Improving Working Memory written by Tracy Packiam Alloway and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2010-11-17 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Your working memory is the information your brain stores for a short period of time, it is your brain's 'post-it note' if you like, and how much information you can remember has a huge influence on how well you do at school, and beyond. By understanding a child's working memory, you will be able to support his/her learning and concentration at school, and their concentration. Better working memory can be particularly useful to children with conditions where poor working memory is thought to be an underlying factor. Such conditions include: - dyslexia - dyscalculia - speech and language difficulties - developmental co-ordination disorders (motor dyspraxia) - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - autistic spectrum disorders. This book explains how to spot problems early and how to work with children to improve their working memory, therefore increasing their chances of success in the classroom. It also explains the theory behind working memory. Underpinned by rigorous research and written in a highly accessible style, this book will appeal to practitioners, parents and students as an essential guide to helping their students fulfil their maximum potential.

Download or read book How Can I Remember All That written by Tracy Packiam Alloway and published by Jessica Kingsley Publishers. This book was released on 2019-07-18 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why can't I remember what my parents just asked me to do? Why do I feel stressed out at school when the teacher is writing on the board and talking at the same time? And what can I do about it? Working memory issues affect a huge proportion of kids with learning differences like ADHD, dyslexia, dyscalculia, and ASD. These issues can make them feel frustrated or bored, as working memory and intelligence are two very different things. Kids with working memory problems can also act out in the classroom and at home. In this child-friendly and authoritative guide, international working memory expert Dr Tracy Packiam Alloway walks you through what working memory is, what it feels like to have problems with your working memory, and what you can do about it. She presents key tips and strategies, such as the benefits of eating chocolate or of barefoot running, that will help children both at home and at school, and includes a section at the end for adults describing how we can test for working memory issues.

Download or read book Biomedical Engineering Science and Technology written by Bikesh Kumar Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Clinical Management of Memory Problems 2nd Edn PLE Memory written by Barbara Wilson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-05-09 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many patients with stroke, head injuries or dementia suffer severe memory impairment and in many cases improvement may fail to occur. This book, first published in 1984 followed by this second edition in 1992, offers practical guidelines to the problems and is supported by a discussion of theory about memory systems and functioning. It should enable therapists and psychologists to recognize, understand, assess and manage memory problems arising from injury, accident or infection of the brain. The authors are well-known for their interest in memory and memory therapy. Topics covered in this text include: the relationship between memory and practice, assessment, methods for improving memory, organization of memory therapy, selection of appropriate treatments for individual patients, role of the microcomputer in memory rehabilitation, use of drugs in stimulating memory, development of programmes to improve attention and the treatment of the memory-impaired in groups. This second edition has an update on drugs, electronic aids and assessment procedures, with further evidence of the effectiveness of memory therapy. This book would have been an asset for those professionals involved in the rehabilitation of the impaired memory at the time and can still be of value today.

Download or read book Working Memory Challenges written by David Newman and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-03-09 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new workbook on working memory activities written by an experienced, practising speech-language clinician, who just happens to work in schools. Use these same activities to prompt memory skills in your school-age students in both elementary and middle school. Let your students learn from a school based clinician who has spent 15 years actually doing this work. The exercises within these pages are creative, school relevant and accessible to clinicians, teachers and parent and is presented in easy to follow, non-technical language. If you have students in your care with a history of oral and written language comprehension difficulty, or who have trouble learning new vocabulary and unfamiliar concepts, then they may have problems with working memory. Working memory has a crucial role to play in school-age students' ability to learn and retain new information. Targeting working memory skills can have an effect on children's memory and receptive language skills and their ability to remember and grasp important information. This workbook features... -Highly engaging printable and photocopiable activity sheets and specific items for each activity. -Dozens of high interest questions to prompt students' memory and receptive language skills. -Entry, intermediate and advanced level questions that gradually become more difficult and challenging. -An informal pre-post test to establish a baseline and rating forms to chart your students' progress. For more information about the Working Memory Challenges book visit http: //www.speechlanguage-resources.com.working-memory-challenges.html

Download or read book Working Memory and Academic Learning written by Milton J. Dehn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-11 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Equipping school and child psychologists, and neuropsychologists with critical information on the role of working memory in learning and achievement, Working Memory and Academic Learning offers guidance on assessment tools, interventions, and current evidence-based best practices. Its specific, step-by-step guidance and hands-on case studies enables you to identify how working memory relates to academic attainment and how to apply this knowledge in professional practice.

Download or read book Variation in Working Memory written by Andrew Conway and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-02-03 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working memory--the ability to keep important information in mind while comprehending, thinking, and acting--varies considerably from person to person and changes dramatically during each person's life. Understanding such individual and developmental differences is crucial because working memory is a major contributor to general intellectual functioning. This volume offers a state-of-the-art, integrative, and comprehensive approach to understanding variation in working memory by presenting explicit, detailed comparisons of the leading theories. It incorporates views from the different research groups that operate on each side of the Atlantic, and covers working-memory research on a wide variety of populations, including healthy adults, children with and without learning difficulties, older adults, and adults and children with neurological disorders. A particular strength of this volume is that each research group explicitly addresses the same set of theoretical questions, from the perspective of both their own theoretical and experimental work and from the perspective of relevant alternative approaches. Through these questions, each research group considers their overarching theory of working memory, specifies the critical sources of working memory variation according to their theory, reflects on the compatibility of their approach with other approaches, and assesses their contribution to general working memory theory. This shared focus across chapters unifies the volume and highlights the similarities and differences among the various theories. Each chapter includes both a summary of research positions and a detailed discussion of each position. Variation in Working Memory achieves coherence across its chapters, while presenting the entire range of current theoretical and experimental approaches to variation in working memory.

Download or read book Short term and Working Memory written by Susan E. Gathercole and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue ponders a detailed and contemporary analysis of the theoretical underpinnings of short-term and working memory. Articles focus on short-term memory for phonological, semantic, and spatial material, on executive function and on short-term forgetting. The empirical perspectives include the neuroimaging of short-term memory, short-term memory development and the neuropsychology and neurobiology of memory, in addition to laboratory-based experimental studies. Together, these articles identify significant current models and approaches to short-term and working memory, providing a broad set of perspectives which illustrate the wide impact of working memory on the understanding of human cognition.

Download or read book The Development of Working Memory in Children written by Lucy Henry and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2011-11-04 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the highly influential working memory framework as a guide, this textbook provides a clear comparison of the memory development of typically developing children with that of atypical children. The emphasis on explaining methodology throughout the book gives students a real understanding about the way experiments are carried out and how to critically evaluate experimental research. The first half of the book describes the working memory model and goes on to consider working memory development in typically developing children. The second half of the book considers working memory development in several different types of atypical populations who have intellectual disabilities and/or developmental disorders. In addition, the book considers how having a developmental disorder and/or intellectual disabilities may have separate or combined effects on the development of working memory. The Development of Working Memory in Children is for undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses in development/child psychology, cognitive development and developmental disorders.

Download or read book Working Memory and Language written by Susan E. Gathercole and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book evaluates the involvement of working memory in five central aspects of language processing: vocabulary acquisition, speech production, reading development, skilled reading, and comprehension. The authors draw upon experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence in a wide-ranging evaluation of the contribution of two components of working memory to each aspect of language. The two components are the phonological loop, which is specialised for the processing and maintenance of verbal material, and the general-purpose processing system of the central executive. A full introduction to the application of the working memory model to normal adults, neuropsychological patients and children is provided in the two opening chapters. Non-experts within this area will find these chapters particularly useful in providing a clear statement of the current theoretical and empirical status of the working memory model. Each of the following chapters examines the involvement of working memory in one specialised aspect of language processing, in each case integrating the available experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence. The book will therefore be of direct relevance to researchers interested in both language processing and memory. Working Memory and Language is unique in that it draws together findings from normal adults, brain-damaged patients, and children. For each of these populations, working memory involvement in language processing ranging from the speech production to comprehension are evaluated. Working Memory and Language provides a comprehensive analysis of just what roles working memory does play in the processing of language.