Download or read book Women and the Employment Rate in Spain written by María Luisa Moltó and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Employment of Women in Spain written by María Pilar Alcobendas Tirado and published by Luxembourg : Commission of the European Communities. This book was released on 1984 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Explaining Unemployment in Spain written by Mr.Jeffrey R. Franks and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-09-01 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spain has the most serious and persistent unemployment problem in Europe, with an unemployment rate that reached 24.6 percent in early 1994. This paper explores the characteristics of this unemployment problem, its causes, and provides a brief discussion of recent labor market reform measures and their likely Impact. A demographic shift in recent years has produced a large rise in female labor force participation and a decrease in agricultural jobs to which the economy has been unable to adjust. The effects of generous unemployment benefits and the large underground economy may explain 6–12 percentage points of the resulting unemployment, but the remainder must be explained by failures and rigidities in the labor market. The paper presents econometric evidence that unemployment displays hysteresis, and that wages are not responsive to changes in the unemployment rate. This evidence supports the claim that insider-outsider factors and rigidities in the legal structure of the labor market are responsible for much of the high unemployment rate. Recent reforms have improved the functioning of the labor market, but they are unlikely to be sufficient to reduce unemployment to single digit rates without further action.
Download or read book Unemployment and Labour Market Flexibility written by Juan Jimeno and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 1994 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estudio donde se examinan las razones para la gran persistencia e incremento del desempleo en España a partir de los primeros años de la década de los setenta, centrándose particularmente en la flexibilidad como principal razón para la ineficacia del mercado laboral.
Download or read book Inequality in the Spanish Labor Market During the COVID 19 Crisis written by Ana Lariau and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-01-28 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze the differential impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the Spanish labor market across population groups, as well as its implications for income inequality. The main finding is that young, less educated, and low skilled workers, as well as women are the most affected by the COVID-19 shock in terms of job loss rates. The differential impacts were especially acute at the height of the pandemic in 2020 and remain robust after taking into account the heterogeneity of sector characteristics. Given that these vulnerable groups were positioned in the lower end of the income distribution before the crisis, we hypothesize that income inequality likely has increased due to the pandemic. Policies aiming at reducing inequality in the labor market need to go beyond measures that target the hardest-hit sectors and support the vulnerable groups more directly.
Download or read book Characterisation of Self Employment in Spain An Analysis from the Gender Perspective written by Belén Castro Nuñez and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing presence of women on the Spanish labour market in the last few decades has revealed gender inequalities that affect both participation indicators such the activity or unemployment rate, and working conditions (working hours, contract duration, salaries, etc.). There are also inequalities in self-employment. This research identifies and tests the existence of different personal and occupational characteristics, including previous occupation in the entrepreneurial sector and else, of self-employed individuals in Spain. The results show that there are characteristics that distinguish self-employed entrepreneurship the perspective of gender, such as level of education, instability in working history, the sector concerned and cumulative experience in that sector. This enables us to identify specific profiles for men and women, and highlights the convenience of designing activities differentiated by gender for promoting entrepreneurship.
Download or read book Women s Employment in Europe written by Colette Fagan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1999-08-05 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on extensive original research, this volume examines contemporary patterns of womens employment in Europe in the context of the profound economic, social and cultural changes that have taken place in recent years. It considers the progress made towards equal treatment in the labour market in the light of European Union action programmes, and
Download or read book Women at Work written by Tito Boeri and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2005-06-02 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering employment and wage gender gaps, participation of women, fertility, and the welfare of children, this insightful volume discusses how the trend towards greater participation of women in labour markets interacts with gender differences in pay. It focusses on the scope for increasing the number of women in the labour force without negatively affecting the development of their children. The need for this volume has become self evident. At the Spring 2000 Lisbon meeting of the European Council the Heads of Governments of the EU agreed to accelerate the greater participation of women in the labour market. However, neither in Lisbon nor in the subsequent Spring European Councils of the EU was it discussed how to achieve this target - and the trade-offs that would be involved in increasing the participation of women in paid employment. Policies for increasing participation must involve some losers, or they would already have been implemented everywhere. If distributional considerations and policy trade-offs are ignored, it is only possible to set virtual targets, neglecting the reforms needed to achieve them. This book sets out a better informed policy debate about these issues, paving the way to more realistic targets and ways to achieve them.
Download or read book Unemployment Determinants for Women in Spain written by Nieves Lázaro and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spain has one of the highest rates of unemployment among OECD countries. Some explanations for this stress the importance of unemployment duration compared with entry rates to the unemployment pool. Long-term unemployment rates are particularly high among women in Spain. The object of this paper is to investigate the determinants of unemployment duration among women. It will consider personal characteristics (education and age), family background, socio-economic variables (the number of household earners and household income) and the effect of unemployment benefits, using data from the Household Expenditure Survey 1990-91.
Download or read book THE EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN IN SPAIN REPORT written by Maria Pilar Alcobendas Tirado and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Individual Choice or Policies Drivers of Female Employment in Europe written by Lone Engbo Christiansen and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Female labor force participation has increased markedly in many European countries during the past decades. Nonetheless, participation rates remain low in some economies, and a significant gender gap persists in most countries. Using micro-level data to control for factors that influence personal choice, we re-examine the determinants of female employment in Europe. The results highlight the importance of positive attitudes towards women working and individual characteristics such as years of education and number of children. However, even after controlling for these factors, policies are also key drivers of female employment.
Download or read book Changing Patterns of Work and Working time for Men and Women in Spain written by María Luisa Moltó and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Women Work and the Family in Europe written by Eileen Drew and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-11-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These are just some of the questions this controverisal book asks in its analysis of the European labour markets. By bringing together contributions from all over Europe, Women, Work and the Family in Europe outlines the similarities and differences between countries in terms of the problems of reconciling work and family. In doing so it questions the division of labour, not just in the labour market but also in the home, reviewing, for example, fatherhood and the effect of work commitments on men's time spent with their families. Contributions range from a study of family policies to the care of the elderly; from home working to gender roles, motherhood and class. Clearly written, systematic and comprehensive, this book reflects the growing interest in the European context and will appeal to students of social policy and European studies as well as all those involved in women's studies and sociology. Ruth Emerek, University of Aalborg, Denmark, Susan Mc Rae, Oxford Brookes University, Yvonne Hirdman, Sweden, Eileen Drew and Evelyn Mahon, both at Trinity College,
Download or read book Women in the Labor Force written by Lisa Colquitt and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in technology have facilitated the expansion of multinational corporations, irrevocably linking United States businesses with foreign markets and companies. This thesis argues that to a great extent, women in business have been the subject of discrimination not only in the United States but abroad as well. The discrimination manifests itself in the exclusion of women from upper-level and executive positions in both the national and international arena. To support this thesis, information will be provided on the history of women in the Spanish and American workforce from the Industrial Revolution to the present day; changes in social roles and status, with concrete examples in the United States and in Spain; legal aspects which protect or discriminate against women workers in the United States and abroad; distribution of women's salaries and wages; and changes in organizational policies which affect working women worldwide.
Download or read book Unemployment Rates and Population Changes in Spain written by Begona Eguia and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the long run effect of changes in the age distribution of Spanish population on the unemployment rate, disaggregated by sex and age segments in the light of cointegration theory given the non stationarity of the series. Four main results are obtained. First, empirical analysis does not provide a clear scheme concerning the long run relationships between population variables and the specificunemployment rates for different groups. Second, as a first approximation one can detect the existence of, at least, one long run equilibrium relationship in all sex-age groups, except for the ones including the middle aged unemployed female workers and oldest unemployed female workers. Third, a more thorough analysis enables us to justify the existence of such long run relationships for the youngest male workers and middle aged male workers. One cannot argue, however, a joint evolution of population variables and the unemployment rates associated with female workers and to the oldest male workers. Fourth, the short run dynamics of unemployment rates for the youngest (male and female workers) and the middle age male workers is affected by the transitory deviations from these long run relationships. Hence, from an applied economics point of view, the result stresses the likely failure of employment policies which do not take into account the heterogeneous composition of unemployed workers. It stresses the need to design particular policies for specific groups of workers depending on their age and sex characteristics.
Download or read book Gender and Employment in the COVID 19 Recession Evidence on She cessions written by Mr. John C Bluedorn and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-31 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early evidence on the pandemic’s effects pointed to women’s employment falling disproportionately, leading observers to call a “she-cession.” This paper documents the extent and persistence of this phenomenon in a quarterly sample of 38 advanced and emerging market economies. We show that there is a large degree of heterogeneity across countries, with over half to two-thirds exhibiting larger declines in women’s than men’s employment rates. These gender differences in COVID-19’s effects are typically short-lived, lasting only a quarter or two on average. We also show that she-cessions are strongly related to COVID-19’s impacts on gender shares in employment within sectors.
Download or read book Women and European Employment written by Colette Fagan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-08 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive and up-to-date study of the contribution of women and men to changing European economic activity patterns covering all fifteen member states. Based on the work of the European Commission's network of experts on women's employment, it draws on both national and European data sources. The book links trends in the structures of employment with new comparative data on the role of systems of welfare provision in order to explore economic activity patterns by gender. Participation patterns of women still vary widely within Europe, so much attention is paid to the institutions - both in the labour market and welfare - which help to explain these variations.
