Download or read book Winners and Losers from Utility Privatization in Argentina written by Omar O. Chisari and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Winners and Losers from Utility Privatization in Argentina written by Omar Chisari and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic rates of return for utility privatization projects in Argentina are very high, whether or not distributional weights are considered. But there is a very high shadow price for regulatory activity, which tends to be ignored in most privatization exercises. And how serious a government is about the fair distribution of gains from reform is reflected in how serious it is about regulation. Chisari, Estache, and Romero assess the macroeconomic and distributional effects of the privatization that Argentina began in 1989 in gas, electricity, telecommunications, and water and sanitation. Using a computable general equilibrium model, they track the effects of the changes observed between 1993, the first year by which all the major privatizations had taken place, and 1995, the most recent year for which data are available. In an innovative use of the model, they also assess the importance of the regulator in determining the distribution of gains and losses from utility privatization among sectors and income groups. They conclude that when regulators are effective, the annual gains from the private operation of utilities are about $3.3 billion, or 1.25 percent of GDP, and that all income classes benefit. Ineffective regulation cuts the gains from the reform by $1 billion or 0.35 percent of GDP. This cut in gains represents an implicit tax of 16 percent on the average consumer, paid directly to the owner of the utility rather than to the government. For the poorest income classes, this implicit tax is about 20 percent, meaning that good regulation is in the interest of the poor. The authors also show that the privatization of utilities cannot be blamed for the significant increase in unemployment observed in Argentina since 1993. Effective regulation can lead to a decline in unemployment, and ineffective regulation leads to only a small increase in unemployment. But the gains from utility privatization were not sufficient to offset the negative efficiency and distributional impact on the economy of the Tequila effect, which increased unemployment dramatically by limiting access to credit for users and producers alike. This paper-a product of the Regulatory Reform and Private Enterprise Division, Economic Development Institute-is part of a larger effort in the institute to understand the importance of effective infrastructure regulation. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project "Efficiency and Equity Implications of Argentina's Privatization of Infrastructure Services" (RPO 680-85).
Download or read book The Private Sector in Development written by Michael U. Klein and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication explores the role of the private sector in economic development and the challenges involved in the design of public policies which promote an appropriate balance between competition and regulation. Chapters discuss the following topics: the private sector and poverty reduction, the investment climate, public intervention to promote supply response, private participation and markets for basic services, pro-poor policy design, sustainability and reform aspects.
Download or read book Nonlinear Models for Economic Decision Processes written by Ionut Purica and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using models, developed in one branch of science, to describe similar behaviors encountered in a different one, is the essence of a synergetic approach. A wide range of topics has been developed including Agent-based models, econophysics, socio-economic networks, information, bounded rationality and learning in economics, markets as complex adaptive systems evolutionary economics, multiscale analysis and modeling, nonlinear dynamics and econometrics, physics of risk, statistical and probabilistic methods in economics and finance. Complexity. This publication concentrates on process behavior of economic systems and building models that stem from Haken's, Prigogine's, Taylor's work as well as from nuclear physics models.
Download or read book Energy Services for the World s Poor written by Penelope J. Brook and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The effects of financial liberalization and new bank entry on market structure and competition in turkey written by Cevdet Denizer and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Standards and Conformity Assessment as Nontariff Barriers to Trade written by Sherry Stephenson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Reform and Progress in Latin America and the Caribbean written by Norman Loayza and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How Estonia s Economic Transition Affected Employment and Wages 1989 95 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Determinants of Banking Crises Evidence from Developing and Developed Countries written by Asli Demirgüç-Kunt and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-09-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper studies the factors associated with the emergence of systemic banking crises in a large sample of developed and developing countries in 1980–94, using a multivariate logit econometric model. the results suggest that crises tend to erupt when the macroeconomic environment is weak, particularly when growth is low and inflation is high. Also, high real interest rates are clearly associated with systemic banking sector problems, and there is some evidence that vulnerability to balance of payments crises has played a role. Countries with an explicit deposit insurance scheme were particularly at risk, as were countries with weak law enforcement.
Download or read book Cost Recovery and Pricing of Payment Services written by David B. Humphrey and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Determinants of Agricultural Production written by Yair Mundlak and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Health and Labor Productivity written by Banco Internacional de Reconstrucción y Fomento and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Patterns of Metropolitan Development written by Gregory K. Ingram and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Motorization and the Provision of Roads in Countries and Cities written by Gregory K. Ingram and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Electricity Sector Reform in Developing Countries written by Tooraj Jamasb and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Driven by ideology, economic reasoning, and early success stories, vast amounts of financial resources and effort have been spent on reforming infrastructure industries in developing countries. It is therefore important to examine whether evidence supports the logic of reforms. The authors review the empirical evidence on electricity reform in developing countries. They find that country institutions and sector governance play an important role in the success and failure of reform. And reforms also appear to have increased operating efficiency and expanded access to urban customers. However, the reforms have to a lesser degree passed on efficiency gains to customers, tackled distributional effects, and improved rural access. Moreover, some of the literature is not methodologically robust and on par with general development economics literature. Further, findings on some issues are limited and inconclusive, while other important areas are yet to be addressed. Until we know more, implementation of reforms will be more based on ideology and economic theory rather than solid economic evidence. "--World Bank web site.
Download or read book Recent Advances in Energy Systems Power and Related Smart Technologies written by Kyandoghere Kyamakya and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
