Download or read book Wing Rotation Mechanisms Using Bevel Gears for Ornithopters written by Saravana Kompala and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is to demonstrate a new idea that the flapping mechanism of hybridizing the servo-motor and bevel gear is better than the all servo-motor design regarding the wing rotation issue of flapping wing micro air vehicles (FWMAVs). Three kinds (Types A1, B and B1) of mechanisms, with 5 V driving and 2.5 Hz flapping frequency, are firstly fabricated on a flapping wing of 70 cm-span and verified experimentally through wind tunnel testing. Type-A1 design is a pure servo-motor mechanism without wing rotation. Its cruising condition is 3 m/s at 25度 inclined angle and with lift of 63.2 gf. Type-B design is a mechanism hybridized with servo-motor and bevel gear viable for continuous wing rotation. Its cruising condition is 1.5 m/s at 35度 inclined angle and with lift of 51.1 gf. Type-B1 design is based on Type-B design but with a stopper switch for wing rotation at stroke reversal only. Its cruising condition is 3 m/s at 35度 inclined angle and with (the best) lift of 84.0 gf, 32.9 % better than Type-A1 without wing rotation. Secondly, implementing the same concept of using bevel gears for achieving wing rotation of FWMAVs was done in the gram-scaled mechanism without servo motor to lower the driving voltage to 3.7 V, to reduce the weight to 15.3 gf, and to increase the flapping frequency to 13.6 Hz. Wind tunnel testing was carried out on the four-bar linkage (FBL) mechanisms connected to 25 cm-span flapping wing with and without wing rotation respectively. It was found that the FBL mechanism with wing rotation (Type-C mechanism) produces a weight-comparable lift which is 33.2% higher than the lift by FBL mechanism without wing rotation. (Its cruising condition is 3 m/s at 20度 inclined angle and with best lift of 14.7 gf.) The above two lift enhancement percentages of 32.9-33.2% are very near to 35% of Dickinson's wing rotation experiment in 1999. Finally, forward cruising flight test was also done on the 25cm-span FWMAV accordingly.

Download or read book Large Stroke Angle Mechanism with Bevel Gears for Flapping Wings written by Veeranjaneyulu Paritala and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is to study the wing rotational flapping motion techniques attained by different types of wing rotational mechanisms which are developed previously. Flapping motion was captured by the high-speed photography and the post processing was done in Kwon3D. MATLAB transformed the Kwon3D data into 3D wing surfaces and 2D cut sections. Compared the lift force signals of wind tunnel data with 3D surface trajectory and 2D cut section of wing chord for each mechanism. High speed camera experiments were conducted for all three kinds (Types A1, B and B1) of mechanisms, with 5 V driving and 2.5 Hz by marking 12 points on a flapping wing of 70 cm-span. The Type-A1 design uses only servo motors. It was determined from the data analysis of the wing profile that there are no effect of wing rotation and that the sole motion of the wings is translational with a delayed stall effect. The Type-B design is a hybrid servo motor and bevel gear mechanism. It was determined from the data analysis of the wing profile that is continuous wing rotation during flapping. The Type-B1 design is a variant of Type-B but includes a mechanical stoppers. It conducts a wing rotational motion only at stroke reversals, which is advance wing rotation, and verified by the data analysis of the wing profile that excessively continuous wing rotation was regulated by stoppers. It was found that type B1 mechanism has generated good aerodynamic forces. Implemented the same concept of using bevel gears for achieving wing rotation of flapping wing micro aerial vehicle (FWMAV) is done in the gram-scaled mechanism with the wingspan of 25 cm and with overall body weight of 13 g. Flapping frequency and flapping amplitude were measured, and trajectory analysis was done. With flapping stroke of 124度, the mechanism generated a flapping frequency of 13 Hz. From the trajectory analysis the actuator observed the wing rotational motion and found the good performance with Type B1. From the wind tunnel tests the maximum average lift of 19.6 gf at 2.2 m/s cruising speed and 3.0 V of power supply was obtained. This thesis also demonstrated the flight testing of a 25-cm span MAV using the small size B-type wing-rotation mechanism. The longest flight endurance is 6 sec shorter than 21 sec created by a 25-cm span MAV using evans mechanism without wing rotation. To make smaller of the B1-type wing rotation mechanism with stoppers to the 25-cm span MAV is the future work of thesis.

Download or read book Flapping Wing Vehicles written by Lung-Jieh Yang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flapping wing vehicles (FWVs) have unique flight characteristics and the successful flight of such a vehicle depends upon efficient design of the flapping mechanisms while keeping the minimum weight of the structure. Flapping Wing Vehicles: Numerical and Experimental Approach discusses design and kinematic analysis of various flapping wing mechanisms, measurement of flap angle/flapping frequency, and computational fluid dynamic analysis of motion characteristics including manufacturing techniques. The book also includes wind tunnel experiments, high-speed photographic analysis of aerodynamic performance, soap film visualization of 3D down washing, studies on the effect of wing rotation, figure-of-eight motion characteristics, and more. Features Covers all aspects of FWVs needed to design one and understand how and why it flies Explains related engineering practices including flapping mechanism design, kinematic analysis, materials, manufacturing, and aerodynamic performance measures using wind tunnel experiments Includes CFD analysis of 3D wing profile, formation flight of FWVs, and soap film visualization of flapping wings Discusses dynamics and image-based control of a group of ornithopters Explores indigenous PCB design for achieving altitude and attitude control This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in mechatronics, materials, aerodynamics, robotics, biomimetics, vehicle design and MAV/UAV.

Download or read book Design and Analysis of a Mechanism Creating Biaxial Wing Rotation for Applications in Flapping wing Air Vehicles written by Sean Harold McIntosh and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flapping wing air vehicles, also known as ornithopters, are a promising new technology, especially for the new class of aircraft known as micro air vehicles (MAV). These vehicles are classified by the defense army research project agency (DARPA) to have overall dimensions less than 15 cm. With their small size, MAVs can operate in locations inaccessible to other larger vehicles. Possible applications of MAVs are numerous for both military and civilian purposes. The majority of MAVs in existence have either fixed or rotary wings. Unfortunately, the aerodynamic performance of these vehicles deteriorates as their size decreases. Insects and hummingbirds, however, are much smaller then present MAVs and operate magnificently. These biological designs inspire the creation of flapping wing MAVs, especially for slow-flight and hover-flight MAVs. Research studies have discovered a variety of aerodynamic mechanisms created by the flapping wing flight of insects. Complex wing rotations about multiple axes have been identified to provide the flight behavior characterized by these newly discovered aerodynamic mechanisms. A major issue in the development of MAVs, is the design of mechanisms that can generate the complex wing motion necessary for the vehicle to fly and hover. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).

Download or read book Wing Rotation Effect on an Ornithopter Using Servo Control written by Nikhil Panchal and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Illustrated official journal patents written by and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The DelFly written by G.C.H.E. de Croon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the topics most relevant to autonomously flying flapping wing robots: flapping-wing design, aerodynamics, and artificial intelligence. Readers can explore these topics in the context of the "Delfly", a flapping wing robot designed at Delft University in The Netherlands. How are tiny fruit flies able to lift their weight, avoid obstacles and predators, and find food or shelter? The first step in emulating this is the creation of a micro flapping wing robot that flies by itself. The challenges are considerable: the design and aerodynamics of flapping wings are still active areas of scientific research, whilst artificial intelligence is subject to extreme limitations deriving from the few sensors and minimal processing onboard. This book conveys the essential insights that lie behind success such as the DelFly Micro and the DelFly Explorer. The DelFly Micro, with its 3.07 grams and 10 cm wing span, is still the smallest flapping wing MAV in the world carrying a camera, whilst the DelFly Explorer is the world's first flapping wing MAV that is able to fly completely autonomously in unknown environments. The DelFly project started in 2005 and ever since has served as inspiration, not only to many scientific flapping wing studies, but also the design of flapping wing toys. The combination of introductions to relevant fields, practical insights and scientific experiments from the DelFly project make this book a must-read for all flapping wing enthusiasts, be they students, researchers, or engineers.

Download or read book Introduction to autogyros helicopters and other V STOL aircraft written by Franklin D. Harris and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aviation Engines written by Victor Wilfred Pagé and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aeroplane Construction and Operation written by John B. Rathbun and published by DigiCat. This book was released on 2022-07-21 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many aeronautical books of a purely descriptive nature have been written for the average man, but as a rule they contain little interest for the more serious student of the subject. Other books of a highly technical and mathematical class have also been published, but their contents are all but unintelligible to anyone but a trained engineer. It is the purpose of the author to compromise between these two extremes, and give only that part of the theory and description that will be of practical use for the builder and flyer. The scope of the subjects covered in this volume has been suggested by the questions asked by students and clients and is the result of many years' correspondence with beginner aviators and amateur aeroplane builders. The author has endeavored to explain the principles of the aeroplane in simple, concise language, starting with the most elementary ideas of flight and finishing with the complete calculations for the surfaces, power, weight, etc. When mathematical operations are necessary they are simple in form, and are accompanied by practical problems worked out numerically, so that a man with even the most elementary mathematical knowledge will have no difficulty in applying the principle to his own work.

Download or read book Flying Insects and Robots written by Dario Floreano and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-23 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flying insects are intelligent micromachines capable of exquisite maneuvers in unpredictable environments. Understanding these systems advances our knowledge of flight control, sensor suites, and unsteady aerodynamics, which is of crucial interest to engineers developing intelligent flying robots or micro air vehicles (MAVs). The insights we gain when synthesizing bioinspired systems can in turn benefit the fields of neurophysiology, ethology and zoology by providing real-life tests of the proposed models. This book was written by biologists and engineers leading the research in this crossdisciplinary field. It examines all aspects of the mechanics, technology and intelligence of insects and insectoids. After introductory-level overviews of flight control in insects, dedicated chapters focus on the development of autonomous flying systems using biological principles to sense their surroundings and autonomously navigate. A significant part of the book is dedicated to the mechanics and control of flapping wings both in insects and artificial systems. Finally hybrid locomotion, energy harvesting and manufacturing of small flying robots are covered. A particular feature of the book is the depth on realization topics such as control engineering, electronics, mechanics, optics, robotics and manufacturing. This book will be of interest to academic and industrial researchers engaged with theory and engineering in the domains of aerial robotics, artificial intelligence, and entomology.

Download or read book The History and Future of Technology written by Robert U. Ayres and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eminent physicist and economist, Robert Ayres, examines the history of technology as a change agent in society, focusing on societal roots rather than technology as an autonomous, self-perpetuating phenomenon. With rare exceptions, technology is developed in response to societal needs that have evolutionary roots and causes. In our genus Homo, language evolved in response to a need for our ancestors to communicate, both in the moment, and to posterity. A band of hunters had no chance in competition with predators that were larger and faster without this type of organization, which eventually gave birth to writing and music. The steam engine did not leap fully formed from the brain of James Watt. It evolved from a need to pump water out of coal mines, driven by a need to burn coal instead of firewood, in turn due to deforestation. Later, the steam engine made machines and mechanization possible. Even quite simple machines increased human productivity by a factor of hundreds, if not thousands. That was the Industrial Revolution. If we count electricity and the automobile as a second industrial revolution, and the digital computer as the beginning of a third, the world is now on the cusp of a fourth revolution led by microbiology. These industrial revolutions have benefited many in the short term, but devastated the Earths ecosystems. Can technology save the human race from the catastrophic consequences of its past success? That is the question this book will try to answer.

Download or read book Mechanism Design written by Arthur G. Erdman and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Introduction to Flapping Wing Aerodynamics written by Wei Shyy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-08-19 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an ideal book for graduate students and researchers interested in the aerodynamics, structural dynamics and flight dynamics of small birds, bats and insects, as well as of micro air vehicles (MAVs), which present some of the richest problems intersecting science and engineering. The agility and spectacular flight performance of natural flyers, thanks to their flexible, deformable wing structures, as well as to outstanding wing, tail and body coordination, is particularly significant. To design and build MAVs with performance comparable to natural flyers, it is essential that natural flyers' combined flexible structural dynamics and aerodynamics are adequately understood. The primary focus of this book is to address the recent developments in flapping wing aerodynamics. This book extends the work presented in Aerodynamics of Low Reynolds Number Flyers (Shyy et al. 2008).

Download or read book Motion Control of Biomimetic Swimming Robots written by Junzhi Yu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-19 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on the latest advances in the study of motion control in biomimetic swimming robots with high speed and high manoeuvrability. It presents state-of-the-art studies on various swimming robots including robotic fish, dolphins and jellyfish in a unified framework, and discusses the potential benefits of applying biomimetic underwater propulsion to autonomous underwater vehicle design, such as: speed, energy economy, enhanced manoeuvrability, and reduced detectability. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to researchers, engineers and graduate students in robotics and ocean engineering who wish to learn about the core principles, methods, algorithms, and applications of biomimetic underwater robots.

Download or read book Patents for inventions written by and published by . This book was released on 1937 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Wind Science and Engineering written by Giovanni Solari and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-12 with total page 949 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an essential overview of wind science and engineering, taking readers on a journey through the origins, developments, fundamentals, recent advancements and latest trends in this broad field. Along the way, it addresses a diverse range of topics, including: atmospheric physics; meteorology; micrometeorology; climatology; the aerodynamics of buildings, aircraft, sailing boats, road vehicles and trains; wind energy; atmospheric pollution; soil erosion; snow drift, windbreaks and crops; bioclimatic city-planning and architecture; wind actions and effects on structures; and wind hazards, vulnerability and risk. In order to provide a comprehensive overview of wind and its manifold effects, the book combines scientific, descriptive and narrative chapters. The book is chiefly intended for students and lecturers, for those who want to learn about the genesis and evolution of this topic, and for the multitude of scholars whose work involves the wind.