Download or read book When Baseball Went White written by Ryan A. Swanson and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2014-06-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of Jackie Robinson valiantly breaking baseball’s color barrier in 1947 is one that most Americans know. But less recognized is the fact that some seventy years earlier, following the Civil War, baseball was tenuously biracial and had the potential for a truly open game. How, then, did the game become so firmly segregated that it required a trailblazer like Robinson? The answer, Ryan A. Swanson suggests, has everything to do with the politics of “reconciliation” and a wish to avoid the issues of race that an integrated game necessarily raised. The history of baseball during Reconstruction, as Swanson tells it, is a story of lost opportunities. Thomas Fitzgerald and Octavius Catto (a Philadelphia baseball tandem), for example, were poised to emerge as pioneers of integration in the 1860s. Instead, the desire to create a “national game”—professional and appealing to white Northerners and Southerners alike—trumped any movement toward civil rights. Focusing on Philadelphia, Washington DC, and Richmond—three cities with large African American populations and thriving baseball clubs—Swanson uncovers the origins of baseball’s segregation and the mechanics of its implementation. An important piece of sports history, his work also offers a better understanding of Reconstruction, race, and segregation in America.

Download or read book When Baseball Went White written by Ryan A. Swanson and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2014-06-01 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of Jackie Robinson valiantly breaking baseball’s color barrier in 1947 is one that most Americans know. But less recognized is the fact that some seventy years earlier, following the Civil War, baseball was tenuously biracial and had the potential for a truly open game. How, then, did the game become so firmly segregated that it required a trailblazer like Robinson? The answer, Ryan A. Swanson suggests, has everything to do with the politics of “reconciliation” and a wish to avoid the issues of race that an integrated game necessarily raised. The history of baseball during Reconstruction, as Swanson tells it, is a story of lost opportunities. Thomas Fitzgerald and Octavius Catto (a Philadelphia baseball tandem), for example, were poised to emerge as pioneers of integration in the 1860s. Instead, the desire to create a “national game”—professional and appealing to white Northerners and Southerners alike—trumped any movement toward civil rights. Focusing on Philadelphia, Washington DC, and Richmond—three cities with large African American populations and thriving baseball clubs—Swanson uncovers the origins of baseball’s segregation and the mechanics of its implementation. An important piece of sports history, his work also offers a better understanding of Reconstruction, race, and segregation in America.

Download or read book Creating the National Pastime written by G. Edward White and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when many baseball fans wish for the game to return to a purer past, G. Edward White shows how seemingly irrational business decisions, inspired in part by the self-interest of the owners but also by their nostalgia for the game, transformed baseball into the national pastime. Not simply a professional sport, baseball has been treated as a focus of childhood rituals and an emblem of American individuality and fair play throughout much of the twentieth century. It started out, however, as a marginal urban sport associated with drinking and gambling. White describes its progression to an almost mythic status as an idyllic game, popular among people of all ages and classes. He then recounts the owner's efforts, often supported by the legal system, to preserve this image. Baseball grew up in the midst of urban industrialization during the Progressive Era, and the emerging steel and concrete baseball parks encapsulated feelings of neighborliness and associations with the rural leisure of bygone times. According to White, these nostalgic themes, together with personal financial concerns, guided owners toward practices that in retrospect appear unfair to players and detrimental to the progress of the game. Reserve clauses, blacklisting, and limiting franchise territories, for example, were meant to keep a consistent roster of players on a team, build fan loyalty, and maintain the game's local flavor. These practices also violated anti-trust laws and significantly restricted the economic power of the players. Owners vigorously fought against innovations, ranging from the night games and radio broadcasts to the inclusion of African-American players. Nonetheless, the image of baseball as a spirited civic endeavor persisted, even in the face of outright corruption, as witnessed in the courts' leniency toward the participants in the Black Sox scandal of 1919. White's story of baseball is intertwined with changes in technology and business in America and with changing attitudes toward race and ethnicity. The time is fast approaching, he concludes, when we must consider whether baseball is still regarded as the national pastime and whether protecting its image is worth the effort.

Download or read book Sol White s History of Colored Base Ball with Other Documents on the Early Black Game 1886 1936 written by Sol White and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1996-08-01 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America and baseball are rediscovering the game played by African Americans before Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier in 1947. We now know a great deal about the Negro Leagues of 1920 on, and their great stars-Satchel Paige, Josh Gibson, and their contemporaries. But what of the pre-1920 black game? From the onset in the 1880s of the "gentleman's agreement" that barred blacks from playing in white leagues, that game is nearly invisible. Financially shaky, with sporadic media coverage even in black newspapers and completely overlooked by the mainstream, Negro teams of this era played on for love of the game and in hopes that their skills would receive their due. In 1907, Sol White, a remarkable African-American ballplayer, successful manager, and baseball loyalist, wrote a small volume on the history of the black game. Part fund-raising effort, advertising brochure, team hype, celebration of black baseball, and throughout an implicit and explicit challenge to racism, Sol White's History of Colored Base Ball is the source of much of what we know of the events in the organized black game of that time. The original was poorly printed, and copies are exceedingly rare (known and rumored copies number only four). This edition republishes the full 1907 edition (with the even rarer supplement), completely reset for legibility, and reproduces all the original's illustrations, including the advertisements that speak volumes on the social world of the day. Fifteen additional documents from 1886 to 1936 augment the picture of the black game and our record of Sol White himself. The work is introduced by Jerry Malloy, a recognized expert on the history of Negro leagues who has spent years inpainstaking research into this vanished world.

Download or read book Only the Ball was White written by Robert Peterson and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tells the forgotten story of Black star-quality athletes excluded from professional baseball because of the big league's color line.

Download or read book When Baseball Isn t White Straight and Male written by Lisa Doris Alexander and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2012-12-04 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes how sportswriters have discussed issues of race, ethnicity, nationality, sexual identity, age and class within professional baseball from 1998 to the present. Each chapter looks at the media representations of a specific controversy--the 1998 home-run chase, Alex Rodriguez's historic contract signing, Barry Bonds' home runs, Mike Piazza's "I am not gay" press conference, Effa Manley's Hall of Fame induction, the celebration of Jackie Robinson's legacy, as well as the various incidents involving performance-enhancing drugs. The author puts it together and reveals what messages are being conveyed by the issues.

Download or read book When the Game Was Black and White written by Bruce Chadwick and published by Artabras. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traces the history of the Negro baseball leagues, offers profiles of top players and their accomplishments, and shares the memories of players and fans

Download or read book How Baseball Happened written by Thomas W. Gilbert and published by Godine+ORM. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The untold story of baseball’s nineteenth-century origins: “a delightful look at a young nation creating a pastime that was love from the first crack of the bat” (Paul Dickson, The Wall Street Journal). You may have heard that Abner Doubleday or Alexander Cartwright invented baseball. Neither did. You may have been told that a club called the Knickerbockers played the first baseball game in 1846. They didn’t. Perhaps you’ve read that baseball’s color line was first crossed by Jackie Robinson in 1947. Nope. Baseball’s true founders don’t have plaques in Cooperstown. They were hundreds of uncredited, ordinary people who played without gloves, facemasks, or performance incentives. Unlike today’s pro athletes, they lived full lives outside of sports. They worked, built businesses, and fought against the South in the Civil War. In this myth-busting history, Thomas W. Gilbert reveals the true beginnings of baseball. Through newspaper accounts, diaries, and other accounts, he explains how it evolved through the mid-nineteenth century into a modern sport of championships, media coverage, and famous stars—all before the first professional league was formed in 1871. Winner of the Casey Award: Best Baseball Book of the Year

Download or read book The Presidents and the Pastime written by Curt Smith and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2018-06 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Presidents and the Pastime draws on Curt Smith's extensive background as a former White House presidential speechwriter to chronicle the historic relationship between baseball, the "most American" sport, and the U.S. presidency. Smith, who USA TODAY calls "America's voice of authority on baseball broadcasting," starts before America's birth, when would‑be presidents played baseball antecedents. He charts how baseball cemented its reputation as America's pastime in the nineteenth century, such presidents as Lincoln and Johnson playing town ball or giving employees time off to watch. Smith tracks every U.S. president from Theodore Roosevelt to Donald Trump, each chapter filled with anecdotes: Wilson buoyed by baseball after suffering disability; a heroic FDR saving baseball in World War II; Carter, taught the game by his mother, Lillian; Reagan, airing baseball on radio that he never saw--by "re-creation." George H. W. Bush, for whom Smith wrote, explains, "Baseball has everything." Smith, having interviewed a majority of presidents since Richard Nixon, shares personal stories on each. Throughout, The Presidents and the Pastime provides a riveting narrative of how America's leaders have treated baseball. From Taft as the first president to throw the "first pitch" on Opening Day in 1910 to Obama's "Go Sox!" scrawled in the guest register at the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2014, our presidents have deemed it the quintessentially American sport, enriching both their office and the nation.

Download or read book Baseball s Great Experiment written by Jules Tygiel and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a history of African American exclusion from baseball, and assesses the changing racial attitudes that led up to Jackie Robinson's acceptance by the Brooklyn Dodgers.

Download or read book 42 Today written by MichaeL G Long and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2021-02-09 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores Jackie Robinson’s compelling and complicated legacy Before the United States Supreme Court ruled against segregation in public schools, and before Rosa Parks refused to surrender her bus seat in Montgomery, Alabama, Jackie Robinson walked onto the diamond on April 15, 1947, as first baseman for the Brooklyn Dodgers, making history as the first African American to integrate Major League Baseball in the twentieth century. Today a national icon, Robinson was a complicated man who navigated an even more complicated world that both celebrated and despised him. Many are familiar with Robinson as a baseball hero. Few, however, know of the inner turmoil that came with his historic status. Featuring piercing essays from a range of distinguished sportswriters, cultural critics, and scholars, this book explores Robinson’s perspectives and legacies on civil rights, sports, faith, youth, and nonviolence, while providing rare glimpses into the struggles and strength of one of the nation’s most athletically gifted and politically significant citizens. Featuring a foreword by celebrated directors and producers Ken Burns, Sarah Burns, and David McMahon, this volume recasts Jackie Robinson’s legacy and establishes how he set a precedent for future civil rights activism, from Black Lives Matter to Colin Kaepernick.

Download or read book Jackie Robinson and the Integration of Baseball written by Scott Simon and published by Turner Publishing Company. This book was released on 2007-07-31 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "An extraordinary book . . . invitingly written and brisk." --Chicago Tribune "Perhaps no one has ever told the tale [of Robinson's arrival in the major leagues] so well as [Simon] does in this extended essay." --The Washington Post Book World "Scott Simon tells a compelling story of risk and sacrifice, profound ugliness and profound grace, defiance and almost unimaginable courage. This is a meticulously researched, insightful, beautifully written book, one that should be read, reread, and remembered." --Laura Hillenbrand, author of the New York Times bestseller Seabiscuit The integration of baseball in 1947 had undeniable significance for the civil rights movement and American history. Thanks to Jackie Robinson, a barrier that had once been believed to be permanent was shattered--paving the way for scores of African Americans who wanted nothing more than to be granted the same rights as any other human being. In this book, renowned broadcaster Scott Simon reveals how Robinson's heroism brought the country face-to-face with the question of racial equality. From his days in the army to his ascent to the major leagues, Robinson battled bigotry at every turn. Simon deftly traces the journey of the rookie who became Rookie of the Year, recalling the taunts and threats, the stolen bases and the slides to home plate, the trials and triumphs. Robinson's number, 42, has been retired by every club in major league baseball--in homage to the man who had to hang his first Brooklyn Dodgers uniform on a hook rather than in a locker.

Download or read book Promises to Keep How Jackie Robinson Changed America written by Sharon Robinson and published by Scholastic Inc.. This book was released on 2016-11-29 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A warm, intimate portrait of Jackie Robinson, America's sports icon, told from the unique perspective of a unique insider: his only daughter. Sharon Robinson shares memories of her famous father in this warm loving biography of the man who broke the color barrier in baseball. Jackie Robinson was an outstanding athlete, a devoted family man and a dedicated civil rights activist. The author explores the fascinating circumstances surrounding Jackie Robinson's breakthrough. She also tells the off-the-field story of Robinson's hard-won victories and the inspiring effect he had on his family, his community. . . his country! Includes never-before-published letters by Jackie Robinson, as well as photos from the Robinson family archives.

Download or read book Only the Ball Was White written by Robert Peterson and published by . This book was released on 2008-11-01 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monumental and poignant book tells the forgotten story of black star-quality athletes excluded from professional baseball because of the big league¿s unofficial boundary, the color line. Reconstructing the old Negro Leagues from contemporary sports publications, accounts of games in the black press, and through interviews with men who actually played the game, author Robert Peterson brings to life the fascinating period that stretched from shortly after the Civil War to Jackie Robinson¿s debut with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. This reprint of the 1970 edition includes a new preface, yearly Negro League standings and an all-time register of players and officials. ¿A treasure trove of baseball information and lore.¿ Photos.

Download or read book Sol White s Official Baseball Guide written by Solomon White and published by . This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sol White was a standout player and manager in the early years of professional African American baseball. In 1907, he wrote and published the first and only account of the stars, teams, and great feats of the era. For more than 60 years the Sol White Guide remained the only work devoted to black baseball history. Without White's vision, much of the information and images in the book would be lost forever. From the 57 rare photographs, to the game accounts and box scores, to the early 20th century diamond lingo, Sol White's Official Base Ball Guide is an irreplaceable time capsule of a critical yet nearly forgotten chapter in baseball history. The Summer Game Books edition includes an introduction by historian Gary Ashwill, tracing the origins and development of the African American game, recounting White's life both on and off the field, and documenting the tremendous impact the Guide has had on baseball scholarship. The richly annotated text provides fascinating details and sidebars to the narrative, and includes a 14-page Who's Who section filled with career highlights and colorful stories about all the major figures in the book. Few individuals belong in the company of Jackie Robinson for the impact they had on the advancement of African Americans in baseball. "King Solomon" White is one who does, and Sol White's Official Base Ball Guide is his greatest contribution.

Download or read book Fleet Walker s Divided Heart written by David W. Zang and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1998-02-01 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moses Fleetwood Walker was the first black American to play baseball in a major league. He achieved college baseball stardom at Oberlin College in the 1880s. Teammates as well as opponents harassed him; Cap Anson, the Chicago White Stockings star, is blamed for driving Walker and the few other blacks in the major leagues out of the game, but he could not have done so alone. A gifted athlete, inventor, civil rights activist, author, and entrepreneur, Walker lived precariously along America’s racial fault lines. He died in 1924, thwarted in ambition and talent and frustrated by both the American dream and the national pastime.

Download or read book When Baseball Went to War written by Todd Anton and published by Triumph Books. This book was released on 2013-09-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combined with never-before-published photographs and other special features, this account tells the compelling and unforgettable story of ballplayers such as Ted Williams, Dom DiMaggio, Jerry Coleman, Bob Feller, Lou Brissie, and Johnny Pesky who answered their nation's call to serve their country.