Download or read book What the COVID 19 pandemic has exposed the findings of five global health workforce professions written by Erin DOWNEY and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2023-03-27 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the International Year of the Health and Care Workers (IYHCW) 2021 Campaign activities, the World Health Professions Alliance (WHPA) led an analysis of the impact that COVID-19 had on the global health and care workforce for the World Health Organization (WHO). An evidence synthesis was developed using the information and summary reports from each of the WHPA stakeholders related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health and care workers (HCWs), in alignment with the standardized framework developed by WHO to measure the multi-dimensional impact of the pandemic on HCWs. The purpose of this report is to act as an advocacy document to global, regional and national leaders and decision-makers working in the health systems and health workforce domains, sensitizing them about the multi-dimensional impact of COVID-19 on HCWs, the need to think beyond just infections and deaths, and the importance of investing, protecting and safeguarding this workforce. Hence, addressing the impact of COVID-19 on HCWs should be comprehensive, ensuring not just the health and social well-being of the health and care workers, but also their availability and distribution and working conditions. Secondly, it also aims to draw the attention of human resources for health (HRH) planners, policy-makers, program managers, researchers and analysts to the standardized framework developed by WHO, and to motivate them to apply the framework to measure impact at national level.

Download or read book Global Health Workforce Responses to Address the COVID 19 Pandemic written by Margaret Ziemann and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: National responses to COVID-19 showed that the health and care workforce is capable of hugely positive change. The lessons generated offer powerful evidence on how best to develop a sustainable workforce to deliver on the ambitions of universal health coverage (UHC), health security and the sustainable development goals (SDGs). If governments are to take forward the policies and practices that worked, they should know that:1. Changing scopes of practice and introducing team-based roles is central to an effective, sustainable workforce and can be achieved. 1.1. Health and care workers (HCWs) have proved that they are willing and able to adjust and optimize their roles and meet service needs.1.2. There is an opportunity to capitalize on this and adapt team-based practice across all health and care services, including the essential public health functions. Options include: - optimizing multidisciplinary work and expanding the skill-mix- configuring professional and support roles to maximize available personnel by better leveraging their respective educations, competencies and licences- involving patients and their caregivers in home-based prevention, care and support.1.3. The changes that worked during the pandemic can be sustained best when: - health professional bodies engage with change- incentives are adjusted- protection and support for HCW are in place.2. The use of technology and digital tools has taken huge steps forward - and needs to continue and expand to all countries. 1.1. Information technology (IT) and digital tools - especially for remote consultations - allowed health systems and health professionals to overcome COVID-19 challenges and maintain care continuity.1.2. Expanding the use of technology in the way care is provided can counteract the challenges associated with shortages, maldistribution and skills mismatch.1.3. Care must be taken to avoid exacerbating inequalities, particularly for the digitally excluded.1.4. Health outcomes need to be monitored to ensure quality is not compromised.3. Flexible regulation is the way forward. 1.1. Exceptional measures made changes in scope of practice and the introduction of digital tools possible during the pandemic.1.2. Systems need to be able to adapt as health systems evolve and this means: - reviewing the legislative framework that defines the space in which the health and care workforce (HCWF) operates- considering how regulation works and how quickly it can be adjusted- tackling licensing issues.1.3. The lessons of the pandemic suggest the value of flexibility in regulation and the importance of: - high-quality training and education that will allow the HCWF to meet new responsibilities- monitoring and review of change, transparency and accountability.4. Protecting the health and care workforce is essential. 1.1. Governments made real efforts to protect the security, safety, and physical and mental health of workers during COVID-19.1.2. Improved working conditions and support are obligations of employers and help to retain workers. It requires governments to: - provide physical security and decent working conditions- address diverse needs and psychosocial risk factors, and tackle stigma and discrimination- consider wider measures around childcare, transportation and safe accommodation.1.3. Getting support and protection right enhances retention of the existing workforce and will attract a new generation of HCWs.5. Providing political leadership starts from the top and sets the agenda throughout government and society. 1.1. Heads of state and government leadership and their focus on health made whole-of-government commitments tangible during the pandemic and delivered both resources and solutions.1.2. The challenges facing the HCWF are immense and demand the highest-level political commitment and engagement to: - secure financing- strengthen governance to achieve real collaboration across sectors- prioritize the long-term commitments the HCWF needs.1.3. Implementation means political investment in: - building HCWF capacity to deliver health and care services as well as public health measures- filling critical gaps in public health, and making the HCWF ready for future emergencies- using data monitoring and analysis to plan for the right people and the right services- ensuring education and training fosters the ability to adapt to future change.1.4. The HCWF is central to UHC and health security, and repays political commitment through promoting social cohesion, solidarity and security.

Download or read book Health Humanities for Quality of Care in Times of COVID 19 written by Maria Giulia Marini and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-26 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Covid pandemic has led us into an upheaval that has made us question the certainties underlying what it means to be a human being in our age; the ability to control medical and social facts through evidence. For the first-time western and developed countries have had to confront what many populations from the developing world (Africa. Latin America, etc) face on a daily basis with HIV and Ebola, etc. The Interconnectedness of Globalization has been the real disseminating catalyst of COVID 19, and many scientists wonder if this virus is the result of the Anthropocene age, with its indisputable lack of respect for the natural ecosystems. The virus has demonstrated that our frailty is only skin deep, and it has not only brought death, despair, but it has broken our interdependency as human beings, by imposing self- isolation as well as creating new ways of connections so that safety cannot imply loneliness. In this book, the coping strategies that originate from the multiple languages of care such as narrative, literature, science, philosophy, art, digital science are shown not only as reflective tools to promote health but also wellbeing amongst carers, patients, students, and citizens of our planet Earth. These strategies should be supported by the decision makers since they are low-cost investments necessary to make the health care system work. They however require a change of cultural paradigm. This book is a useful toolkit for patients, citizens and care services physicians who want to learn more on how to live better with this new world.

Download or read book Learning from the COVID 19 Pandemic written by RC Sobti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-08-24 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COVID-19 was first identified in Wuhan City in December 2019 and spread throughout Hubei Province and other parts of China. After causing significant morbidity and mortality in China, by February 2020, it had spread to numerous other countries, infecting millions of people and causing a large number of deaths across the world. The COVID-19 pandemic put a burden on almost all areas of the world including healthcare systems, education, industry, travel, etc. The pandemic revealed the vulnerability of the world’s healthcare systems and affected healthcare personnel significantly. The virus is able to attack not only the respiratory tract, but almost all the organs including the brain. Impacts on gut biota have also been noticed. The virus has caused both morbidity and mortality in humans without any geographical, cultural, or religious barriers. The emergence of new variants due to mutations in the virus has aggravated the problem. While the delta variant brought a second wave and killed a large number of people due to various factors such as lowering of saturated oxygen in blood and other physiological emergencies, the omicron variant proved to be less lethal. Though the pandemic has subsided, the emergence of the subvariants BA1 and BA2 and now their hybrids has started to increase the number of cases at exponential levels and has forced new lockdown measures in places such as China. As the conditions laid down to combat the pandemic have been relaxed, the virus may reach other countries and cause additional countries to resort to lockdown again. COVID-19 became the focus of the scientific community with the aim of developing new drugs, repurposing available drugs to be used against the virus, and developing a series of vaccines in a short time. The mild effect of omicron might have been due to the extensive vaccination programmes carried out in various countries. However, there is genuine fear that newly emerging variants may evade the immune system and cause damage to the body. This book highlights the impact of COVID-19 on science, industry, and healthcare systems. The chapters included in the volume come from dedicated experts belonging to basic sciences, biotechnology, pharmaceutical sciences, and other fields of sciences. These include discussions on how the virus evolves and attacks various organs in the body. A separate chapter explains the emergence of various strains of virus. The preparedness of hospitals and healthcare workers as well as different agencies such as DRDO to face the challenges posed by virus is also discussed. The way scientists and technologists developed new techniques to detect and control the virus have also been highlighted including a chapter on the development of vaccines to control the pandemic. This book is a key resource for students, teachers, medical personnel, administrators, and the public as a whole.

Download or read book The Future of the Nursing Workforce in the United States written by Peter Buerhaus and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2009-10-06 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Future of the Nursing Workforce in the United States: Data, Trends and Implications provides a timely, comprehensive, and integrated body of data supported by rich discussion of the forces shaping the nursing workforce in the US. Using plain, jargon free language, the book identifies and describes the key changes in the current nursing workforce and provide insights about what is likely to develop in the future. The Future of the Nursing Workforce offers an in-depth discussion of specific policy options to help employers, educators, and policymakers design and implement actions aimed at strengthening the current and future RN workforce. The only book of its kind, this renowned author team presents extensive data, exhibits and tables on the nurse labor market, how the composition of the workforce is evolving, changes occurring in the work environment where nurses practice their profession, and on the publics opinion of the nursing profession.

Download or read book The COVID 19 Disruption and the Global Health Challenge written by Vincenzo Atella and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-11-07 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 Disruption and the Global Health Dilemma provides an historical accounting of the response to the COVID-19 pandemic through the eyes of the largest pubic health system in the United States, one that served the hardest hit neighborhoods in New York City. The book offers a roadmap to guide healthcare systems and their providers in the event of future pandemics. Readers will learn from healthcare providers at the epicenter of the pandemic in New York City about surge staffing and level loading, along with tips from the ED and ICUs on how to respond to an unprecedented influx of inpatients. - Clarifies the scientific knowledge around COVID-19 - Provides a multidisciplinary analysis involving biology, economics, epidemiology, medicine, and statistics relating to COVID-19 - Focuses on the need to invest and develop the bioeconomy as the basis of a new global and integrated health system, pulling together conservation, resource economics, and preventive and curative medicine

Download or read book COVID 19 Pandemic E Book written by Jorge Hidalgo and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2021-05-29 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a broad, global view of all aspects related to preparation for and management of SARS-CoV2, COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons from the Frontline explores and challenges the basis of knowledge, the transmission of information, and the preparation and epidemiology tactics of healthcare systems worldwide. This timely and provocative volume presents real-world viewpoints from leaders in different areas of health management, who address questions such as: What will we do differently if another pandemic comes? Have we learned from our mistakes? Can we do better? This practical, wide-ranging approach also covers the problem of contrasting sources, health system preparedness, effective preparation of and protection offered to individual healthcare professionals, and the human tragedy surrounding the pandemic. Offers a global perspective on how the COVID-19 pandemic was handled, things that went wrong, and things that could be done differently in the future. Covers multiple aspects of the pandemic, including disaster preparedness; perspectives from patients, families, and healthcare providers; inequity of medical resources; risk exposure on the frontline; government decision making; lockdowns; the role of politics; the burden of COVID-19 in various countries worldwide; and future directions. Reflects on the role of professional societies and NGOs in advising governments and supranational organizations. Features a diverse list of contributors, including health decision makers and frontline healthcare personnel.

Download or read book COVID 19 The Global Environmental Health Experience written by Chris Day and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-06-13 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the efforts of Environmental Health Practitioners (EHPs), their employers and supportive professional bodies world-wide in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing upon the first-hand experiences and reflections of EHPs working across the professional discipline in countries around the world, the book highlights how they responded to the initial wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection as it spread globally. It explores how this impacted on their environmental health work as their wider public health skills and expertise were increasingly called upon/ The book recognises the significant contributions that EHPs have made to protect lives and livelihoods since the seriousness of COVID-19 became apparent. It also identifies shortcomings in the response and deployment of personnel and makes a series of recommendations to inform future practice. This book: Captures a moment in history through the experiences of Environmental Health Practitioners in meeting the complex challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic. Features the observations of front line practitioners on the practical challenges and opportunities encountered globally, suggesting the lessons learnt for current practice in infectious disease prevention and control. Expands upon the reflections of some of the professional bodies around the world as to how the response of EHPs to the COVID-19 pandemic should result in a renewed commitment to public health through Environmental Health. EHPs in current practice and in training, other public health professionals and those looking to build better health protection services, now, and in the future, will find this book a valuable resource to inform the case for the key role of Environmental Health in the current pandemic, in response to future challenges and crises, and in managing risks to health encountered in more usual times.

Download or read book Public Health Public Trust and American Fragility in a Pandemic Era written by Norbert Goldfield and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-09-20 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how professionals and policymakers in mental and physical health care can use lessons from the COVID pandemic to better inform future public policy and treatment. Using the United States as a test case, Norbert Goldfield draws on his professional experience in healthcare and policy-making to explore how some societies have emerged from the pandemic with increasing internal conflicts. The author uses excerpts from his own COVID diary to revisit key stages in the response to the COVID pandemic to highlight where division has entered the publish health discourse, and to set out an alternative vision of how mental and physical health can be framed professionally and publicly. In addition to this account, Dr Goldfield details how our political system should change with respect to pandemics and how health professionals, together with the lay public, can help. Specifically, the book highlights the three critical issues confronting American pandemic fragility: increasing vaccinations, decreasing misinformation, and fostering greater linkages between our public and acute health systems. This book will be invaluable for all types of health care professionals, both in mental and physical health arenas, lay people interested in the pandemic, and for policymakers.

Download or read book Outsmarting the Next Pandemic written by Elizabeth Anne Kirley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the role of law and policy in addressing the public health crisis of COVID-19 and offers reforms that could improve pandemic preparedness for future outbreaks. Focusing on a number of countries most expected to provide agility and organization in their crisis response – the United States, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom and Taiwan – the book shows how failures in leadership from governments, executives, and institutions created a vacuum that was quickly filled by naysayers, conspiracy theorists, vaccine hucksters, and fake news generators. Through the key themes of healthcare, leadership, security, and education, the chapters address critical questions: Why have masks become such a polarizing force? How do you self-isolate if you don’t have a home? How should equitable triage models for overwhelmed frontline healthcare workers be developed? Can we utilize artificial intelligence to educate the public about manipulated information they access concerning the pandemic? The book was written during the pandemic and weaves in to each chapter vignettes with personal revelations from a broad range of countries, including some also grappling with poverty, war, natural disasters, or revolution. It will appeal to academics, professionals, and policymakers interested in how law and health policy can converge on solutions for global infectious disease. It is suitable for use in upper-level courses.

Download or read book COVID 19 and Similar Futures written by Gavin J. Andrews and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-19 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a critical response to the COVID-19 pandemic showcasing the full range of issues and perspectives that the discipline of geography can expose and bring to the table, not only to this specific event, but to others like it that might occur in future. Comprised of almost 60 short (2500 word) easy to read chapters, the collection provides numerous theoretical, empirical and methodological entry points to understanding the ways in which space, place and other geographical phenomenon are implicated in the crisis. Although falling under a health geography book series, the book explores the centrality and importance of a full range of biological, material, social, cultural, economic, urban, rural and other geographies. Hence the book bridges fields of study and sub-disciplines that are often regarded as separate worlds, demonstrating the potential for future collaboration and cross-disciplinary inquiry. Indeed book articulates a diverse but ultimately fulsome and multiscalar geographical approach to the major health challenge of our time, bringing different types of scholarship together with common purpose. The intended audience ranges from senior undergraduate students and graduate students to professional academics in geography and a host of related disciplines. These scholars might be interested in COVID-19 specifically or in the book’s broad disciplinary approach to infectious disease more generally. The book will also be helpful to policy-makers at various levels in formulating responses, and to general readers interested in learning about the COVID-19 crisis.

Download or read book A review of the relevance and effectiveness of the five year action plan for health employment and inclusive economic growth 2017 2021 and ILO OECD WHO Working for Health programme written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-04-12 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This independent review report and assessment of the Working for Health five-year Action Plan analyses its relevance, effectiveness and results, and considers the COVID-19 pandemic, the evolution of the health workforce agenda, and shifting economic policy priorities. The assessment findings and corresponding Director-General report propose a way forward that builds on the five-year action plan and its MPTF mechanism to date, and looks to engage new partners, donors and international financing institutions to ensure that Member States have access to technical assistance and the catalytic financial support required to develop a sustainable health and care workforce, that is protected, empowered, and resilient.

Download or read book The COVID 19 Crisis written by Deborah Lupton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-04-19 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its emergence in early 2020, the COVID-19 crisis has affected every part of the world. Well beyond its health effects, the pandemic has wrought major changes in people’s everyday lives as they confront restrictions imposed by physical distancing and consequences such as loss of work, working or learning from home and reduced contact with family and friends. This edited collection covers a diverse range of experiences, practices and representations across international contexts and cultures (UK, Europe, North America, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand). Together, these contributions offer a rich account of COVID society. They provide snapshots of what life was like for people in a variety of situations and locations living through the first months of the novel coronavirus crisis, including discussion not only of health-related experiences but also the impact on family, work, social life and leisure activities. The socio-material dimensions of quotidian practices are highlighted: death rituals, dating apps, online musical performances, fitness and exercise practices, the role of windows, healthcare work, parenting children learning at home, moving in public space as a blind person and many more diverse topics are explored. In doing so, the authors surface the feelings of strangeness and challenges to norms of practice that were part of many people’s experiences, highlighting the profound affective responses that accompanied the disruption to usual cultural forms of sociality and ritual in the wake of the COVID outbreak and restrictions on movement. The authors show how social relationships and social institutions were suspended, re-invented or transformed while social differences were brought to the fore. At the macro level, the book includes localised and comparative analyses of political, health system and policy responses to the pandemic, and highlights the differences in representations and experiences of very different social groups, including people with disabilities, LGBTQI people, Dutch Muslim parents, healthcare workers in France and Australia, young adults living in northern Italy, performing artists and their audiences, exercisers in Australia and New Zealand, the Latin cultures of Spain and Italy, Asian-Americans and older people in Australia. This volume will appeal to undergraduates and postgraduates in sociology, cultural and media studies, medical humanities, anthropology, political science and cultural geography.

Download or read book Current Priorities in Health Research Agendas Tensions Between Public and Commercial Interests in Prioritizing Biomedical Social and Environmental Aspects of Health written by Matías Blaustein and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-09 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predominant health research agendas, usually in line with existing financial incentives for obtaining lucrative research results, tend to focus on therapeutic and pharmacological intervention, prioritizing innovative therapies based on molecular biology and biotechnology approaches. However, commercial interests do not necessarily agree with existing public health priorities. The prevalence of health and biomedical research agendas often neglect not only the less lucrative diseases but also the study of the social and environmental determinants of health and disease, even when addressing these aspects could significantly improve population health at much lower costs. Some examples of absent studies in the health research agendas are the analysis of non-medical factors influencing health outcomes (social determinants of health), the analysis of the relationship between people and their environment (environmental health), or the evaluation of the socio-environmental factors that influence the deterioration of bodies and territories (such as the One Health approach).

Download or read book The Future of Nursing 2020 2030 written by National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decade ahead will test the nation's nearly 4 million nurses in new and complex ways. Nurses live and work at the intersection of health, education, and communities. Nurses work in a wide array of settings and practice at a range of professional levels. They are often the first and most frequent line of contact with people of all backgrounds and experiences seeking care and they represent the largest of the health care professions. A nation cannot fully thrive until everyone - no matter who they are, where they live, or how much money they make - can live their healthiest possible life, and helping people live their healthiest life is and has always been the essential role of nurses. Nurses have a critical role to play in achieving the goal of health equity, but they need robust education, supportive work environments, and autonomy. Accordingly, at the request of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, on behalf of the National Academy of Medicine, an ad hoc committee under the auspices of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conducted a study aimed at envisioning and charting a path forward for the nursing profession to help reduce inequities in people's ability to achieve their full health potential. The ultimate goal is the achievement of health equity in the United States built on strengthened nursing capacity and expertise. By leveraging these attributes, nursing will help to create and contribute comprehensively to equitable public health and health care systems that are designed to work for everyone. The Future of Nursing 2020-2030: Charting a Path to Achieve Health Equity explores how nurses can work to reduce health disparities and promote equity, while keeping costs at bay, utilizing technology, and maintaining patient and family-focused care into 2030. This work builds on the foundation set out by The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health (2011) report.

Download or read book A Guide to COVID 19 for Health Care Professionals written by Andrew Blann and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2022-08-15 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No-one can deny the whirlwind of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has revolutionised so much of our professional and personal world. The general media has, of course, been at the forefront of disseminating information, but many in the clinical and scientific sphere regard many of their messages as unhelpful, incorrect and (in the worse cases) scare-mongering. Although many books are available on this topic, none have provided an objective and thoroughly scientific approach to the subject. This book provides that measured and rational explanation of the pandemic and its effects, based on hard published clinical research. A full understanding of SARS-CoV-2 and the disease it causes (COVID-19) demands knowledge of the history of infectious diseases, and of immunology and virology, which are the subject of early chapters of the book. Subsequent chapters look at the development and spread of the pandemic from China to the UK, followed by the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 in the UK. Closing chapters consider vaccination, variants, long-COVID, and the legacy of the pandemic for the NHS. The book, summarising the first two years of COVID-19, has been written as a valuable resource for a broad range of health care workers, both in clinical practice (nurses, scientists, pharmacists) but also for administrators and other professional groups. It will also be useful tool for Lecturers in Higher and Further Education, such as in undergraduate courses or in professional development.

Download or read book Stakeholder Strategies for Reducing the Impact of Global Health Crises written by Kumar, Vikas and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-06-11 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A global health crisis creates great uncertainty, high stress, and anxiety within society. During such a crisis, when information is unavailable or inconsistent, and when people feel unsure of what they know or what anyone knows, behavioral science indicates an increased human desire for transparency, direction, and meaning of what has happened. At such a time, the roles of stakeholders that emerge with their words and actions can help keep people safe, help them cope with emotions, and ultimately bring their experience into context leading to meaningful results. But as this crisis shifts beyond public health and workplace safety, there are implications for business continuity, job loss, and radically different ways of working. While some may already seek meaning from the crisis and move towards the “next normal,” others feel a growing uncertainty and are worried about the future. Therefore, it is important to analyze the role of stakeholders during these uncertain times. Stakeholder Strategies for Reducing the Impact of Global Health Crises provides a comprehensive resource on stakeholder action and strategies to deal with crises by analyzing the needs of society during global health crises, how stakeholders should communicate, and how resilience and peace can be promoted in times of chaos. The chapters cover the roles of stakeholders during a pandemic spanning from the government and international development agencies to industry and non-government organizations, community-based organizations, and more. This book not only highlights the responsibilities of each of the stakeholders but also showcases the best practices seen during the COVID-19 pandemic through existing theories and case studies. This book is intended for researchers in the fields of sociology, political science, public administration, mass media and communication, crisis and disaster management, and more, along with government officials, policymakers, medical agencies, executives, managers, medical professionals, practitioners, stakeholders, academicians, and students interested in the role of stakeholders during global health crises.