Download or read book Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Formation and Structure Change in TCS 08 and TCS 08 Field Experiment Support written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-term goal of this project is to develop a better understanding of mesoscale and synoptic-scale processes associated with the entire life cycle of tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific. The inability to correctly identify tropical cyclone formation over the period of 24-48 hours poses a threat to shore and afloat assets across the western North Pacific. Furthermore, once a tropical cyclone has formed, the predictability of structure changes during intensification of the cyclone is very low, which is due to complex physical processes that vary over a wide range of space and time scales. Periods of reduced predictability occur throughout the tropical cyclone life cycle, which includes the decaying stage. Because decaying tropical cyclones often transition to a fast-moving and rapidly-developing extratropical cyclone that may contain gale-, storm-, or hurricane-force winds, there is a need to improve understanding and prediction of the extratropical transition phase of a decaying tropical cyclone. The structural evolution of the transition from a tropical to extratropical circulation involves rapid changes to the wind, cloud, and precipitation patterns that potentially impact maritime and shore-based facilities. The research being conducted on the comprehensive data sets gathered during the TCS-08 field program will result in increased accuracy associated with the prediction of tropical cyclone formation, intensification, and structural changes.
Download or read book A Multiscale Study of Tropical Cyclone Formation Structure Change and Predictability in the Western North Pacific Region and TCS08 Experiment Support written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overarching objectives of this research project are to obtain an improved understanding of the formation, predictability and structure change of tropical cyclones in the Western Pacific region. During the second year of this project multiple cases have been analyzed in support of the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 (TCS08) field campaign. Because of space constraints, only a brief summary of these extensive results is presented here.
Download or read book Advanced Satellite Derived Wind Observations Assimilation and Targeting Strategies During TCS 08 for Developing Improved Operational Analysis and Prediction of Western Pacific Tropical Cyclones written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forecasts of tropical cyclone (TC) formation and intensity change in the north-western Pacific basin are often lacking in skill, in part due to the paucity of conventional oceanic observations that are assimilated into the operational models. This lack of observations has also constrained our understanding of how TC formation is governed by environmental processes. Recently, remotely-sensed observations from satellites have become a routine and important input to the global data assimilation systems. To our knowledge, this project represents the first time anyone has tried to evaluate the impact of targeted satellite data on TC forecasts using an automated dynamic targeted observing strategy. TCS-08 will afford us the opportunity to employ specially-processed satellite data along with observations collected in situ by the NAVY P-3, and other platforms, to investigate these objectives as they apply in the western north Pacific TC basin. The development of successful real-time strategies to optimally assimilate wind data from satellites will ultimately lead to the provision of improved initial and boundary conditions for the Navy's envisioned mesoscale coupled ocean-wave-atmosphere forecast model.
Download or read book Surface Wind Field Analyses of Tropical Cyclones During TCS 08 written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research is to investigate tropical cyclone wind field structure and development utilizing comprehensive observation sets collected during the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 (TCS-08) and The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC). Rare aircraft measurements in the western North Pacific are utilized to define surface wind distributions of TY Nuri, TY Sinlaku, and STY Jangmi. Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) surface winds are compared to Global Positioning System (GPS) dropwindsondes to determine eyewall slope and flight-level reduction factors. The combined SFMR and dropwindsonde wind speed observations are highly correlated (r = 0.88) with a RMSE of 2.58 m s-1. The three mature storm systems had a combined mean slant reduction factor and relative slope similar to that observed in Atlantic hurricanes. Analysis accuracy was defined by the RMSE between H*Wind analyses and 0-150 m-average dropwindsonde wind speeds. Satellite observations had the largest speed RMSE and the SFMR observations had the smallest speed RMSE. The ECMWF analyses had the largest intensity differences from the JTWC best-track intensity and SFMR-based analyses had the smallest intensity differences from the JTWC best-track intensity.
Download or read book The Hadley Circulation Present Past and Future written by Henry F. Diaz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-05 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines potentially important factors that may have affected the Hadley and Walker Circulations and evaluates changes in the Hadley Circulation and the monsoons as simulated by coupled models of past climate conditions, and predicted future conditions under an enhanced greenhouse effect. This book is meant to serve as a fundamental reference work for current and future researchers, graduate students in the atmospheric sciences and geosciences, and climate specialists involved in interdisciplinary research.
Download or read book Analysis of a Non Developing Tropical Circulation System During the Tropical Cyclone Structure TCS08 Field Experiment written by Steven C. Malvig and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research is to analyze the non-developing Tropical Circulation System (TCS025) utilizing data collected during the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 (TCS-08) and The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Pacific Asian Regional Campaigns (T-PARC). Aircraft dropwindsondes, special ELDORA radar observations, and analyzed ECMWF model fields are used to define the three-dimensional structure at key times during the lifecycle of TCS025. Two TCS025-related Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) were examined with observations from Air Force WC-130J and Navy Research Lab P-3 flights. On 28 August 2008, dropwindsonde and ELDORA wind fields identified a cyclonic circulation associated with an MCS (MCS-G). However, the upper-level and lower-level circulations were disconnected around the 850 hPa level. The upper-level circulation propagated southward with the MCS-G convection while the lower-level circulation progressed poleward. On 29 August, 2008, dropwindsonde and ELDORA wind fields identified a broad cyclonic circulation associated with another MCS (MCS-H). However, the center of circulation was northwest of MCS-H convection. It appears mid- and upper-level circulations associated with the MCS convection propagated southward with the convection while the low-level cyclonic circulation, under influence of the low-level background flow, progressed poleward. Without continued vertical coupling, TCS025 did not become a tropical depression.
Download or read book A World of Weather written by Lee Michael Grenci and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Western Pacific Tropical Cyclone Adaptive Observing of Inner Core Life cycle Structure and Intensity Change written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major goals for this project are three-fold: 1) provide a quality-controlled WC-130J airborne observation data set for the flights conducted during the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 field program (TCS-08), 2) diagnose the interaction of mature Western Pacific (WPAC) tropical cyclones (TCs) with their underlying ocean features and provide new observations simultaneously, both within the TC itself as well as the ocean below, to the developing Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) coupled TC modeling effort (COAMPS(tm)1-TC) and 3) utilize TCS-08 field program datasets to improve understanding of TC life cycle, especially genesis stage and rapid intensification mature-stage episodes associated with oceanic and large-scale atmospheric environmental changes.
Download or read book The Environments And Associated Physical Mechanisms That Cause Size And Structure Changes In A Tropical Cyclone written by Diana Rose Stovern and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical cyclones (TCs) can make significant size changes during their lifetime. Being able to accurately forecast TC size change is important for predicting the onset of storm surge as well as the spatial extent of damaging winds. TC size changes can occur from internal storm dynamics, such as eyewall replacement cycle or from changes in the synoptic environment. In this study, the impacts of changing the atmospheric temperature and air-sea temperature difference on TC size and structure are investigated. The study is conducted in two parts: the first part uses the WRF-ARW model to test the sensitivity of TC size changes to simple changes in the environment; the second part to validates the results from the first part by characterizing the environments associated with real cases of TC size change in the North Atlantic basin. It is found that when the simulated atmosphere is cooled, the initial specific humidity and convective available potential energy (CAPE) decrease but the surface energy fluxes from the ocean increase. The higher surface fluxes produce a wider area of radially-inflowing air in the boundary layer, which supports a larger precipitation field and the formation of outer-core spiral rainbands. The larger precipitation field translates to a larger wind field, which is likely related to the diabatic production of potential vorticity. In contrast, when the atmosphere is warmed the surface energy fluxes reduce, which ultimately inhibits the growth of the TC wind field. The higher initial CAPE and moisture content, however, allow the TC to spin up more rapidly with a compact core of intense precipitation. Thus, it is not the temperature of the atmosphere that is causing the size changes, but instead it is the higher surface energy fluxes that arise from the increased air-sea temperature difference. Diagnostics show that fluxes of angular momentum from the environment are not responsible for the simulated TC size increases, even when the gradient in Earth vorticity is included. Rather, it is the production of energy due to the fluxes from the ocean that is responsible for the TC size increases in these simulations. Finally, a larger TC will increase in size more than a smaller TC in the same environment. In the second part of the study, the environments associated with real cases of TC size change in the North Atlantic Basin were characterized. Size changes were evaluated using the Tropical Cyclone Extended Best Track Dataset, and the environments associated with these size changes were examined using the 6-hourly, ERA-Interim global reanalysis dataset. Environmental composites show that the TCs that made size changes in the deep tropics were typically associated with more environmental, mid-level humidity and higher air-sea temperature difference. The TCs that made large size changes in the extratropics were associated with highly-baroclinic environments and high mid-level moisture south of the TC-circulation center. In general, the environments that were associated with TC size increases in the North Atlantic showed similar characteristics to the size change environments simulated in the first part of this study. In addition, the presence of high, mid-level moisture in both the deep tropics and extratropics was consistent with the results of other modeling studies that have explored the impact of environmental moisture on TC size changes.
Download or read book Global Perspectives On Tropical Cyclones From Science To Mitigation written by Johnny C L Chan and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010-04-30 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a completely rewritten, updated and expanded new edition of the original Global Perspectives on Tropical Cyclones published in 1995. It presents a comprehensive review of the state of science and forecasting of tropical cyclones together with the application of this science to disaster mitigation, hence the tag: From Science to Mitigation.Since the previous volume, enormous progress in understanding tropical cyclones has been achieved. These advances range from the theoretical through to ever more sophisticated computer modeling, all underpinned by a vast and growing range of observations from airborne, space and ocean observation platforms. The growth in observational capability is reflected by the inclusion of three new chapters on this topic. The chapter on the effects of climate change on tropical cyclone activity is also new, and appropriate given the recent intense debate on this issue. The advances in the understanding of tropical cyclones which have led to significant improvements in forecasting track, intensity, rainfall and storm surge, are reviewed in detail over three chapters. For the first time, a chapter on seasonal prediction is included. The book concludes with an important chapter on disaster mitigation, which is timely given the enormous loss of life in recent tropical cyclone disasters.World Scientific Series on Asia-Pacific Weather and Climate is indexed in SCOPUS.
Download or read book Tropical cyclone intensity and structure changes Theories observations numerical modeling and forecasting written by Eric Hendricks and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-29 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Statistical Model for the Prediction of Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Motion WPCLPR written by Xu Yiming and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis and High Resolution Modeling of Tropical Cyclogenesis During the TCS 08 and TPARC Field Campaign written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-term goal of this project is to improve the prediction of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis, structure and intensity changes through improved understanding of the fundamental mechanisms involved. The accurate prediction of TC genesis, structure and intensity changes is critical to Navy missions and civilian activities in coastal areas. Significant gains have been made in the TC track prediction over the past decades. The genesis and intensity forecast, however, has shown very little progress during the same period. A main factor contributing to the lack of skill in the prediction of TC genesis and intensity is the lack of observations prior to and during TC genesis and intensification periods and the inadequate understanding of physical mechanisms that control the cyclogenesis and intensity change. The TCS-08 and TPARC field campaign provide an unprecedented opportunity for us to gain the first-hand insight of observed characteristics of TC genesis in western Pacific and to compare them with high-resolution model simulations. By analyzing and assimilating these data, we intend to understand the physical mechanisms that involve the TC internal dynamic and thermodynamic processes, external forcing, and scale interactions. Only after thoroughly understanding these processes, can one be able to tackle the weaknesses in the current state-of-art weather forecast models.
Download or read book A Verification of the COAMPS TC Model Predictions of Typhoon Nuri 2008 written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this thesis is to examine the predictions of the COAMPS-TC model for Typhoon Nuri during the THORPEX Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC) and the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 (TCS-08) experiment that occurred in August through October 2008 in the western North Pacific. This case study on Typhoon Nuri examines the dynamic and thermodynamic structure changes of this tropical cyclone, including the intensity, track, radar reflectivity, and azimuthally-averaged plots of tangential winds, radial winds, vertical velocity, and cloud water. The life cycle of Typhoon Nuri was broken down into the formation, intensification, and decay stages and one model run from each stage was evaluated. The minimum sea-level pressure and maximum winds were found for each of the three grids of the COAMPS-TC model and the high-resolution (T799) ECMWF model and compared to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center best-track values. The forecast tracks from both models were examined and compared to the best-track values. Overall, the models did the best during the intensification stage. Lastly, the aircraft data were compared to the initial conditions for the model, and it is concluded that this aspect is the major source of forecast error.
Download or read book Satellite Derived Tropical Cyclone Intensities And Structure Change TCS 08 written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long Range Goals: Routinely map the life cycle of a tropical cyclone's (TC) intensity, inner-core structure and structure change with special attention to capabilities derived from satellite data, while incorporating the Tropical Cyclone Structure (TCS-08) field program data sets from August-September 2008.
Download or read book The Global Monsoon System written by Chih-Pei Chang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a current review of the science of monsoon research and forecasting. The contents are based on the invited reviews presented at the World Meteorological Organization''s Fourth International Workshop on Monsoons in late 2008, with subsequent manuscripts revised from 2009 to early 2010. The book builds on the concept that the monsoons in various parts of the globe can be viewed as components of an integrated global monsoon system, while emphasizing that significant region-specific characteristics are present in individual monsoon regions. The topics covered include all major monsoon regions and time scales (mesoscale, synoptic, intraseasonal, interannual, decadal, and climate change). It is intended to provide an updated comprehensive review of the current status of knowledge, modeling capability, and future directions in the research of monsoon systems around the world.
Download or read book Hurricane Risk written by Jennifer M. Collins and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details the outcomes of new research focusing on climate risk related to hurricanes. Topics include numerical simulation of tropical cyclones, through tropical cyclone hazard estimation to damage estimates and their implications for commercial risk. Inspired by the 6th International Summit on Hurricanes and Climate Change: From Hazard to Impact, this book brings together leading international academics and researchers, and provides a source reference for both risk managers and climate scientists for research on the interface between tropical cyclones, climate and risk.
