Download or read book West Coast Whole Effluent Toxicity WET Policy written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Whole Effluent Toxicity WET Control Policy written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Water and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 1995-11-28 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Update On Aquatic Toxicity Whole Effluent Toxicity WET Issues 2005 written by Winona L. Specht and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper summarizes recent changes in the field of aquatic toxicity/Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) testing. There are been numerous legal challenges to the validity of WET testing, both at the federal and state levels, but to date, the regulators have prevailed and WET testing is used as a regulatory tool to ensure that the biota of receiving streams are protected. The most recent ruling at the federal level was on December 10, 2004, when a federal appeals court in the District of Columbia upheld the validity of WET testing. At the state level, at the urging of the South Carolina Manufacturers Alliance, the state legislature passed a law (the South Carolina Aquatic Life Protection Act) in 2004 that requires the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC) to evaluate the accuracy and precision of the WET test. As a result, SCDHEC removed WET test limits from several NPDES permits. EPA took issue with the impact of the legislation and SCDHEC's actions, and as a result, EPA has taken over several NPDES permits from SCDHEC and threatened to revoke the state's delegated NPDES permit program. A new Act was signed into law in March 2005, which does not exclude the use of chronic toxicity testing for regulatory compliance. As a result, EPA has turned over the issuance of NPDES permits back to SCDHEC. In December 2004, the U.S. EPA issued the Draft National WET Implementation Guidance document for review and comment. The guidance contains recommendations on the determination of ''reasonable potential'' for toxicity. The EPA's ECOTOX database is a valuable resource of toxicity data for many chemicals. For those cases in which there are no toxicity data or very limited data available, the EPA has developed two models, the Interspecies Correlation Estimation (ICE) and the Acute to Chronic Estimation (ACE), for predicting toxicity. Active areas of research include assessing the uptake of heavy metals via multiple routes of exposure, the development of risk-based criteria for persistent bioaccumulative toxicants, and the new field of computational toxicology, which utilizes modeling tools to predict toxic responses.

Download or read book EPA National Publications Catalog written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and published by . This book was released on with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Methods for Measuring the Acute Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater and Marine Organisms written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Draft Supplement to Functional Equivalent Document for the Proposed Policy for Implementation of Toxics Standards for Inland Surface Waters Enclosed Bays and Estuaries of California written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Short term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Third Public Draft Functional Equivalent Document for Policy for Implementation of Toxics Standards for Inland Surface Waters Enclosed Bays and Estuaries of California written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Toxicity Reduction and Toxicity Identification Evaluations for Effluents Ambient Waters and Other Aqueous Media written by Teresa Norberg-King and published by SETAC. This book was released on 2005 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Understanding and Accounting for Method Variability in Whole Effluent Toxicity Applications Under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Program written by Barry Leonard and published by . This book was released on 2004-12-01 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fed. Water Pollution Control Act, commonly known as the Clean Water Act, was enacted in 1972 with the objective of restoring the chemical, physical, & biological integrity of the Nation's waters.Ó Among the EPAs efforts toward this objective is the Nat. Pollutant Discharge Elimination System program, designed to control toxic discharges, implement water quality standards, & restore waters to fishable & swimmableÓ condition. One approach EPA employs to control toxic pollutants uses whole effluent toxicity (WET) controls. This report addresses questions raised on WET test method variability & to satisfy a requirement of a July 1998 settlement agreement with litigants for the Western Coalition of Arid States & Edison Electric Inst. Illus.

Download or read book Water Quality in Washington State written by Washington (State). Department of Ecology and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Whole Effluent Toxicity Testing written by Donald R. Grothe and published by Setac Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whole Effluent Toxicity Testing contains the proceedings of a Pellston Workshop, held September 16-21, 1995 at the University of Michigan Biological Station on Douglas Lake, to address issues surrounding the science of whole effluent toxicity testing and receiving system impact predictions. The proceedings reflect the current state-of-the-art of these topics and focus on an assessment of 1) the appropriateness of whole effluent toxicity endpoints used in routine WET methods; 2) the degree and causes of WET test method variability; 3) biotic and abiotic factors that can influence measured field responses to effluents; and 4) the relationship between effluent toxicity, ambient toxicity, and receiving system impacts.

Download or read book Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-07-30 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic and episodic water shortages are becoming common in many regions of the United States, and population growth in water-scarce regions further compounds the challenges. Increasingly, alternative water sources such as graywater-untreated wastewater that does not include water from the toilet but generally includes water from bathroom sinks, showers, bathtubs, clothes washers, and laundry sinks- and stormwater-water from rainfall or snow that can be measured downstream in a pipe, culvert, or stream shortly after the precipitation event-are being viewed as resources to supplement scarce water supplies rather than as waste to be discharged as rapidly as possible. Graywater and stormwater can serve a range of non-potable uses, including irrigation, toilet flushing, washing, and cooling, although treatment may be needed. Stormwater may also be used to recharge groundwater, which may ultimately be tapped for potable use. In addition to providing additional sources of local water supply, harvesting stormwater has many potential benefits, including energy savings, pollution prevention, and reducing the impacts of urban development on urban streams. Similarly, the reuse of graywater can enhance water supply reliability and extend the capacity of existing wastewater systems in growing cities. Despite the benefits of using local alternative water sources to address water demands, many questions remain that have limited the broader application of graywater and stormwater capture and use. In particular, limited information is available on the costs, benefits, and risks of these projects, and beyond the simplest applications many state and local public health agencies have not developed regulatory frameworks for full use of these local water resources. To address these issues, Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies analyzes the risks, costs, and benefits on various uses of graywater and stormwater. This report examines technical, economic, regulatory, and social issues associated with graywater and stormwater capture for a range of uses, including non-potable urban uses, irrigation, and groundwater recharge. Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies considers the quality and suitability of water for reuse, treatment and storage technologies, and human health and environmental risks of water reuse. The findings and recommendations of this report will be valuable for water managers, citizens of states under a current drought, and local and state health and environmental agencies.

Download or read book Technical Support Document for Water Quality based Toxics Control written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Water and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Marine Bioassay Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Short term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to West Coast Marine and Estuarine Organisms written by Donald J. Klemm and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: