Download or read book Water quality in agriculture Risks and risk mitigation written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2023-09-08 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication, Water Quality in Agriculture: Risks and Risk Mitigation, emphasizes technical solutions and good agricultural practices, including risk mitigation measures suitable for the contexts of differently resourced institutions working in rural as well as urban and peri-urban settings in low- and middle-income countries. With a focus on sustainability of the overall land use system, the guidelines also cover possible downstream impacts of farm-level decisions. As each country has a range of site-specific conditions related to climate, soil and water quality, crop type and variety, as well as management options, subnational adjustments to the presented guidelines are recommended. Water Quality in Agriculture: Risks and Risk Mitigation, is intended for use by national and subnational governmental authorities, farm and project managers, extension officers, consultants and engineers to evaluate water quality data, and identify potential problems and solutions related to water quality. The presented guidelines will also be of value to the scientific research community and university students.The chapters in this publication address the following topics:Chapter 2 describes the linkages between water quality and achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, and the need for water quality monitoring. Chapter 3 provides an overview of existing water quality guidelines and standards across the world, including those reliant on technological advances and stringent water quality monitoring, and others based on health-based targets, as recommended by WHO. Chapter 4 is dedicated to pathogenic threats, in particular from domestic wastewater, while the elaborated Chapter 5 targets chemical risks with significant emphasis on salinity. The interlinkages between water quality and aquaculture and water quality and livestock production are described in Chapters 6 and 7, respectively. The importance of water quality for a healthy environment and ecology is explored in Chapter 8, and further extended to watersheds and river basin scales in Chapter 9, looking at the approaches used to analyze, monitor, and manage water quality, and possible downstream impacts in their larger geographical context. Finally, Chapter 10 provides an overview of the most common and/or significant barriers and drivers of relevance for the adoption of water reuse guidelines and best practices within a given regulatory and institutional context with special attention to low- and middle-income countries.
Download or read book Water Risk Hotspots for Agriculture written by Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture is expected to face increasing water risks that will impact production, markets, trade and food security - risks that can be mitigated with targeted policy actions on water hotspots. This report develops the hotspot approach, provides an application at the global scale, and presents a mitigation policy action plan. The People’s Republic of China, India and the United States are identified as countries facing the greatest water risks for agriculture production globally. A global simulation shows that, in the absence of action, water risks in Northeast China, Northwest India and the Southwest United States in particular could have significant production, price and trade consequences. Agriculture water risks could also result in broader socio-economic and food security concerns. Farmers, agro food companies, and governments can all play a role in responding to water risks at hotspot locations. A three-tier policy action plan is proposed to confront water risk hotspots, encompassing targeted responses, adapted national policies, strengthened market integration and international collaboration.
Download or read book Wastewater Irrigation and Health written by Pay Drechsel and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents the best modern innovative thinking on the topic and symbolizes an important turning point in the history of wastewater use in irrigation as a major contributor to water and nutrient conservation, public health and welfare. û Hillel S.
Download or read book Water Quality for Agriculture written by R. S. Ayers and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Richtlijnen voor de werker in het veld om problemen te ondervangen ten aanzien van de waterkwaliteit voor irrigatie-doeleinden. Tenslotte worden praktijkervaringen uit diverse gebieden vermeld
Download or read book Wastewater Irrigation and Health written by Pay Drechsel and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2010 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2009. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Shifting gender relations in agriculture and irrigation in the Nepal Tarai Madhesh written by Karn, Sujeet and published by International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE).. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safety and quality of water used with fresh fruits and vegetables written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-11-20 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During fresh fruit and vegetables (FFV) production, water is used for a variety of purposes. Even the water was conventionally treated and disinfected, it may still potentially contain human pathogens, albeit at low concentrations. A risk assessment, appropriate to the national or local production context, should be conducted to assess the potential risks associated with a specific water source or supply in order to devise the appropriate risk mitigation strategies. Since the 48th session of Codex Committee on Food Hygiene (CCFH) noted the importance of water safety and quality in food production and processing, FAO and WHO has undertaken the work on this subject. This report describes the output of the third in a series of meetings, which examined appropriate and fit-for-purpose microbiological criteria for water used with fresh fruit and vegetables. The advice herein will support decision making when applying the concept of fit-for-purpose water for use in the pre- and post-harvest production of fresh fruit and vegetables.
Download or read book Management of Agricultural Drainage Water Quality written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1997 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contaminants in Agriculture written by M. Naeem and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-25 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume covers recent studies into agricultural problems caused by soil and water contamination. Considering the importance of agricultural crops to human health, the editors have focused on chapters detailing the negative impact of heavy metals, excessive chemical fertilizer use, nutrients, pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, agricultural wastes and toxic pollutants, among others, on agricultural soil and crops. In addition, the chapters offer solutions to these negative impacts through various scientific approaches, including using biotechnology, nanotechnology, nutrient management strategies, biofertilizers, as well as potent PGRs and elicitors. This book serves as a key source of information on scientific and engineered approaches and challenges for the bioremediation of agricultural contamination worldwide. This book should be helpful for research students, teachers, agriculturalists, agronomists, botanists, and plant growers, as well as in the fields of agriculture, agronomy, plant science, plant biology, and biotechnology, among others. It serves as an excellent reference on the current research and future directions of contaminants in agriculture from laboratory research to field application.
Download or read book Agriculture and Water Quality written by Bradley M. Crowder and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Compilation of Water Quality Goals written by Jon Bruce Marshack and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drivers and characteristics of wastewater agriculture in developing countries results from a global assessment written by Raschid-Sally, L., Jayakody, P. and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2009 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 4 out of 5 cities in developing countries, wastewater is used to cultivate perishable crops for urban markets. Such practices create a health risk but provide important livelihood benefits. This study through an analysis of 53 cities in developing countries, contributes to understanding the factors that drive wastewater use. The main drivers are (1) increasing urban water demand without wastewater treatment causing pollution of irrigation water sources; (2) urban food demand favoring agriculture close to cities where water sources are polluted; and (3) lack of cheaper, similarly reliable or safer water sources. Poverty, which constrains the infrastructure needs of urbanization, is an added factor. The study makes policy recommendations stressing on, effectively applying the WHO guidelines, linking investments in water supply with sanitation for maximum beneficial impact on water pollution, and involving actors at both the national and local level, for water quality improvements and health risk reduction
Download or read book Resource book on springshed management in the Indian Himalayan Region written by Rathod, Roshan and published by New Delhi, India: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) New Delhi, India: NITI Aayog, Government of India New Delhi, India: Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC).. This book was released on 2021-12-08 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agricultural Land Use Water Quality Interaction written by J. Kühner and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pesticides and Groundwater written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Toxic Substances and Environmental Oversight and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Quality written by Lorna Fewtrell and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2001-09-30 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quality of water, whether it is used for drinking, irrigation or recreational purposes, is significant for health in both developing and developed countries worldwide. In responding to this challenge, countries develop standards intended to protect public health. Recognising this, the World Health Organization (WHO) develops 'guidelines' that present an authoritative assessment of the health risks associated with hazards through water and of the effectiveness of approaches to their control. To date, the various WHO guidelines concerned with water (Guidelines for drinking-water quality; Guidelines for the safe use of wastewater and excreta in agriculture and aquaculture; Guidelines for safe recreational water environments) have been developed in isolation from one another. However, their common primary concern is for health hazards derived from excreta. Addressing their specific areas of concern together will tend to support better health protection and highlight the value of interventions closer to sources of pollution, which may otherwise be under-valued. The potential to increase consistency in approaches to assessment and management of water-related microbial hazards was discussed by an international group of experts between 1999 and 2001. These discussions led to the development of a harmonised framework, which was intended to inform the process of development of guidelines and standards. Subsequently, a series of reviews was developed and refined, which addressed the principle issues of concern linking water and health to the establishment and implementation of effective, affordable and efficient guidelines and standards. The book is based on these reviews and the harmonised framework. This book will prove invaluable to all those concerned with issues relating to microbial water quality and health, including environmental and public health scientists, water scientists, policy makers and those responsible for developing standards and regulations.
Download or read book Development of Contextually Adapted Strategies to Manage Health Risks Related to Agricultural Irrigation with Treated Wastewater written by W. Raber and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the case of limited access to fresh water resources, particularly in peri-urban areas where urban and agricultural pressure on water resources is high, municipal wastewater becomes a viable asset as a source for irrigation water. Furthermore, urban wastewater management has the objective to dispose urban drainage while avoiding negative impacts on environment and public health. Irrigation with treated wastewater is an accepted option in wastewater management in increasing more countries. However, strict official regulations on effluent quality in combination with poor institutional, financial and infrastructural settings of low income countries often restrict construction and maintenance of required infrastructure to provide effluent quality as stipulated by legislation. An effect of this paralysed situation is indirect, uncontrolled, and partly illegal use of raw sewage or poorly treated wastewater for agricultural use, which poses a risk to the environment and health of producers and consumers of crops. The presented work gives impulses for contextual wastewater management design based on case specific requirements of agriculture and environment on water quality. The focus of the research lies on determination and evaluation of health risks for consumers of wastewater irrigated crops by Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) on basis of WHO Guidelines for wastewater use in agriculture from 2006. Possible health risk reduction measures along the production chain by on-farm practice or wastewater treatment are identified. Also risk for the agronomic system and environmental pollution risk by chemical water quality in wastewater irrigation is considered on basis of FAO guidelines, drinking water quality guidelines and additional literature. Contextual specific risks are identified and evaluated for the case of a wastewater irrigation project in Magabheni, South Africa. Revealed risk factors and particular on-farm health risk reduction measures were evaluated and negotiated with farmers during the planning and implementation of the agricultural system. Based on findings from the Magabheni case maximal concentrations for selected water quality parameters of irrigation water could be concluded and hypothetical wastewater management systems are presented. Contextual developed water quality and possible treatment systems are compared with those stipulated by national legislation revealing more flexible system design in contextual wastewater management.
