Download or read book Water Quality and Sustainability Assessment of Rural Water Systems in the Comarca Ng be Bugl Panama written by Corbyn Cools and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last four decades significant progress has been made on providing people access to improved drinking water. The Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) estimates that 6.7 billion people have access to at least basic drinking water services. In spite of this great achievement 785 million people still lack even basic services and eighty percent of which live in rural areas. To further complicate matters, those with access to services experience interruptions or non-functionality for handpumps and piped system long before the intended design life of the system. In the Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé province in Panama there is very little information on the sustainability and water quality of rural water systems after they have been built. This research presents an extensive literature review of the historical approaches of the rural water sector, focusing on the evolution of the community-based management approach, the paradigm shift from prioritizing infrastructure to long-term Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) service delivery, the importance of monitoring, and an evaluation of sustainability assessment tools and presents an experimental plan to assess the sustainability and water quality of rural indigenous communities in the Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé, Panama. Few studies have focused on the role external support providers affect the sustainability and water quality of community-managed gravity-fed rural water systems. Additionally, this study proposes a plan to assess communities that have received external support from an outside organization such as the Ministry of Health or an international organization using the Rural Water and Sanitation Information System (SIASAR, in Spanish) assessment tool and Ct values for a measure of the effectiveness of chlorine residual. This thesis contributes an experimental design for studying the factors that influence a water committee's ability to properly disinfect their water. This study builds off previous research in the rural water sector and is intended to help Panama and similar countries achieve Sustainable Development Goal Target 6.1, universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water by 2030.
Download or read book Evaluation of Hand Augered Well Technologies Capacity to Improve Access to Water in Coastal Ng be Communities in Panama written by Sarah Hayman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amid the global efforts surrounding United Nations' Millennium Development Goal Target 7c to improve access to safe and sustainable drinking water among populations who lack this resource, it has become essential to monitor and evaluate progress. Development initiatives working to achieve improved drinking water access often introduce appropriate technologies designed to be sustainably owned and operated by populations in rural areas suffering from water related hardships. It is valuable to thoroughly examine the degree to which these technologies satisfy intended objectives and affect user experienced water access. The accurate reflection of impact and progress can be complex, as the evaluation of water supplies can be made based on a variety of indicators that range from "improved' or "unimproved" water source definitions to measurements of the capacity of a source to satisfy desirable conditions related to water quality, quantity, reliability, or user's preference. The goals of this research are to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the effects of two appropriate technologies on local water access using an assortment of methods including: water quality analysis, visual and manual inspection, user interviews, and an overall sustainability analysis. In Panama, the indigenous Ngöbe people in the ÑöKribo coastal area are a group disproportionately affected by a lack of improved access to drinking water and challenges to the feasibility of piped gravity fed water systems that typically serve the rest of the country. An NGO aiming to ameliorate this situation introduced two improved groundwater supply technologies to the region: bailers and EMAS hand pumps. This study assesses the comparative performance of these systems and evaluates the respective performances of existing water sources, using the wide variety of quantitative and qualitative data obtained.
Download or read book SOURCE PROTECTION AND DRINKING WATER QUALITY IN THE COMARCA NG BE BUGL PANAMA written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : The goal of this study was to identify practical, cost-effective drinking water source protection measures in the Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé, a remote indigenous region of Panama. Water samples from 40 spring captures were tested for E. coli and total coliforms, and quality results were then compared with maintenance and source protection criteria using odds ratios. The water was contaminated; only two samples passed Panamanian drinking water standards--0 CFU/100 ml for E. coli and 3 CFU/100 ml for total coliforms. Mean E. coli was 187 CFU/100 ml and mean total coliforms was 2036 CFU/100 ml. Few odds ratio tests of source protection practices produced statistically significant results. However, the presence of animals within ten meters of the source and cleaning out the spring capture structure had statistically significant relationships with water quality at some contamination thresholds. Surprisingly, at one threshold, the presence of surface water near the spring was unrelated to water quality. Protecting water sources from livestock can be complicated in this region by ambiguous land tenure laws. Likewise, cleaning and basic maintenance are often done on a volunteer basis, and thus subject to the limitations of the community management model. Panamanian and foreign organizations seeking to improve drinking water source quality should consider these complex issues and offer financial and technical support as they encourage source protection improvements. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar las medidas de protección prácticas y rentables de las fuentes de agua potable en la Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé, una región indígena de Panamá. Se analizó el agua de 40 tomas para detectar Escherica coli y coliformes totales, así como la calidad del agua y se comparó con el mantenimiento de la toma y la protección de la fuente mediante una estadística llamada 'oportunidad relativa'. Las aguas estaban contaminadas: la media de Escherica coli fue 187 UFC/100 ml y la de coliformes totales fue 2036 UFC/100 ml. Los dos niveles de contaminación están muy por encima de los estaÌ1ndares de agua potable panameños (0 CFU/100 ml para Escherica coli y 3 CFU/100 ml para coliformes totales). Pocas 'odds ratios' de las prácticas de protección de la fuente produjeron resultados estadísticamente significativos. Sin embargo, la presencia de animales de granja en los diez metros alrededor de la fuente y la limpieza de la toma tenían relaciones estadiÍsticamente significativas con la calidad del agua en algunos umbrales de contaminación. Sorprendentemente, la presencia del agua superficial cerca de la toma no estaba relacionada con la calidad del agua en un umbral. La protección de fuentes de agua del ganado puede ser complicada en esta región por la tenencia ambigua de la tierra. Asimismo, la limpieza y el mantenimiento básicos a menudo se hacen de manera voluntaria, así que, está sujeto a las limitaciones del modelo de manejo comunitario. Las organizaciones panameñas y extranjeras que buscan mejorar la calidad de las aguas deben considerar estas cuestiones complejas y ofrecer apoyo financiero y técnico a las Juntas Administradores de Acueductos Rurales para fomentar la mejora de la protección de fuente.
Download or read book Post project Assessment and Follow up Support for Community Managed Rural Water Systems in Panama written by Ryu Suzuki and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Embodied Energy Assessment of Rainwater Harvesting Systems in Primary School Settings on La Peninsula Valiente Comarca Ngobe Bugle Republic of Panama written by Kaitlin Elinor Green and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United Nations Millennium Development goals aim to make improvements in access to potable water. In the Bocas del Toro region of Panama, rainwater harvesting systems are making that goal more attainable. Rainwater harvesting, especially in rural, difficult access areas, may be a viable water source improvement that will allow a greater population to access improved water. This study uses the Carnegie Mellon University Economic Input-output Life Cycle Assessment tool to assess the embodied energy of plastic and ferrocement rainwater harvesting systems in rural Panama. Rainwater harvesting systems are assessed as source improvement technologies that increase access to potable water. This study adds to and compares its results to other source improvement LCAs that would potentially benefit developing communities in lesser developed countries.
Download or read book Water Policy in the Philippines written by Agnes C. Rola and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-29 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes challenges in the policy and practices of the various water sectors in the Philippines that have led to water conflicts. Such conflicts arise in the nature of rural-urban competition, trans-administrative boundary issues, and inconsistencies between customary and state rules, and even within state rules. Using inter-, multi- and trans-disciplinary approaches, and analysing from various scales - community, local and national governments - the book discusses policies and strategies needed towards achieving water security especially for the poor. Reflective of the complex and urgent water policy and governance issues in many developing countries, the book offers valuable lessons and insights to policy makers, water sector managers, planners and regulators as well as to academics, researchers and students.
Download or read book Rural Water Supply written by National Water Resources Council (Philippines) and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book What Makes Rural Water Systems Sustainable written by Christian Borja-Vega and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rural Water Sustainability in Latin America and the Caribbean written by Lourdes Álvarez Prado and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Panama Lakes Water Quality Modeling Study written by Barry W. Bunch and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Training Water Committees in Bocas Del Toro Panama written by Brandon Braithwaite and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Knowledge Attitudes and Traditions Regarding Water Consumption and Sanitary Practices of the Ng be Bugl Indigenous Women in the Chiriqu Province in Panama written by Natalia Vega and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deriving Design Standards for Rural Water Systems written by Donald T. Lauria and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural Arsenic in Groundwaters of Latin America written by Jochen Bundschuh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-09-23 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater resources naturally contain high levels of arsenic in many parts of the world. Over the last two decades, the As-containing groundwater in South-East Asia has received much attention, but the situation is just as crucial in Latin America, where the number of studies is still relatively low, and the extent and severity of As-exposure in the populations has yet to be fully evaluated. This book aims to promote knowledge of the occurrence and genesis of As-rich groundwater in Latin America. It deals with constraints on the mobility of As in groundwater, As-uptake from soil and water by plants, As-propagation through the food chain, human health impacts, and As-removal technologies. Case studies are presented from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Nicaragua and Peru, amongst others, and are viewed against the background of experience from other world regions. The book is a state-of-art overview of arsenic research in Latin America. It aims to create interest within the Latin American countries affected by the presence of arseniferous aquifers and to increase awareness among administrators, policy makers and company executives. It will also serve to inform the international scientific community, and improve international cooperation on arsenic in groundwater.
Download or read book PEOPLE WHO WOULD NOT KNEEL written by HOWE JAMES and published by Smithsonian Books (DC). This book was released on 1998-10-17 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Kuna also contended with official campaigns to suppress traditional noserings and mola blouses and to impose schools, dance clubs, and modernity. In 1924 they turned to Richard Marsh, a North American explorer in search of a mythical tribe of white Indians. Marsh helped lead an armed revolt against Panama, which led to intervention by the United States and ultimately to a shipboard peace agreement that guaranteed the Kuna much of what they had fought for.
Download or read book Racism Against Indigenous Peoples written by International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs and published by IWGIA. This book was released on 2001 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is published in connection with the UN "World Conference Against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance" held in South Africa, 2001 and it contains articles by experts from throughout the world." - cover.
Download or read book The United States Mexico Boundary written by Stephen P. Mumme and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
