Download or read book Watching More Than The Discovery Channel Export Cycles and Diversification in Development written by Paul Brenton and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper examines the export performance of 99 countries over 1995-2004 to understand the relative roles of export growth through "discovery" of new products and growth during post-discovery phases of the export product cycle - acceleration and maturation - in existing markets and expansion into new geographic markets. The authors find that expanding existing products in existing markets (growth at the intensive margin) has greater weight in export growth than diversification into new products and new geographic markets (growth at the extensive margin). Moreover, growth into new geographic markets appears to be more important than discovery of new export products in explaining export growth. Of particular importance is whether an exporting country succeeds in reaching more national markets that are already importing the product it makes. This geographic index of market penetration is a powerful explanatory variable of export performance. This suggests that governments should not focus solely or even primarily on the discovery channel, but also seek to identify and address market failures that are constraining exporters in subsequent phases of the export cycle.
Download or read book Breaking Into New Markets written by Richard Newfarmer and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-03-12 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International trade in 2009 is projected to contract for the first time since 1982. As a result, export diversifi cation has gained new urgency as one way of using exports to recover lost growth momentum. Moreover, diversifi cation is central to reducing income volatility and sustaining high growth rates, which are especially important for countries with large populations living in poverty. In the 1950s, countries became concerned that their dependence on primary products would lead to steady falls in the purchasing power of primary exports and thus slow growth. A major policy objective of developing countries since that time has been to diversify out of primary products into manufactures. Although some nations have been at least partially successful, many low-income countries remain dependent on a narrow range of primary products. 'Breaking Into New Markets' argues for a comprehensive view of diversifi cation. It explores new thinking and evidence about export diversifi cation and elaborates on policies for its promotion. These policies span tariffs and taxes, services, and government activities to help fi rms take advantage of global opportunities. The book is a compilation of chapters written as short, policy-focused pieces. Many digest longer, more academic papers in an effort to make the information accessible to a larger policy and nontechnical audience. In that sense, the book is a policy primer on what export diversifi cation can and cannot do for growth and how to make diversifi cation happen. Intelligently designed policies that effi ciently address the obstacles to export growth are critical for overall economic growth and poverty reduction. This book offers insights useful to policy makers and practitioners as they embark on efforts to design new programs of competitiveness in their trade strategies.
Download or read book Television Today and Tomorrow written by Gene F. Jankowski and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1996-11-21 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the media has been awash in exuberant tales of the arrival of the information superhighway, when television will explode with exciting possibilities, offering some 500 channels as well as a marriage of TV and computer that will provide, on command, access to the latest movies, magazines, newspapers, books, sports events, stock exchange figures, your bank account, and much, much more. And the major TV networks, pundits add, will be doomed to extinction by this revolution in cable, computers, and fiber optics. But in Television Today and Tomorrow, Gene Jankowski--former President and Chairman of the CBS Broadcast Group--and David Fuchs--also a former top executive at CBS--tell a different story. They predict a bumpy road ahead for the information superhighway, and the major networks, they say, are abundantly healthy and will remain so well into the next century. The information superhighway, Jankowski and Fuchs admit, will dramatically increase the distribution channels, but it will have little impact on the amount of programming created--and this may spell disaster. The authors show how the networks began as a way to provide programs to local stations (who could not afford to produce their own), who in turn provided the distribution that gave networks access to mass audiences and ultimately large advertising dollars. They then offer us an inside look at television production--showing us, for instance, a veteran scriptwriter putting together a breakfast table scene for "Cloud Nine"--to underscore how much effort goes into producing just two minutes of primetime programming. They reveal that the present 20 channels require some 20,000 hours of programming each year, which is more than all the Broadway plays produced in this century, and they conclude that without a dramatic increase in programming (which won't happen if only because of the very finite supply of talent), the superhighway will be jammed bumper-to-bumper with reruns, old movies, and inexpensive programming aimed at tightly focused audiences ("narrowcasting" as opposed to "broadcasting"). This is hardly the bonanza the pundits have promised. The authors point out that the media blitz about the new technology has hardly focused on programming, or on funding, or on what needs these 500 channels will fill. The major networks, on the other hand, will remain the only means of reaching the whole country, and the only channels that offer a full schedule of current, live, and original programs, free of charge. And thus they will continue to attract most of the audience of TV viewers. The real loser in the cable revolution, the authors contend, is PBS, whose role as an alternative to network TV has been usurped by cable stations such as The Discovery Channel and Nickelodeon. This is a brass tacks look at television with an eye on the bottom line by two men who boast over sixty years of experience in the medium. If you want to understand television in America, where it came from and where it is going, you will need to read this book.
Download or read book Strengthening Bolivian Competitiveness written by Yaye Sakho and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-07-20 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The government of Bolivia seeks to reinvigorate the nontraditional export sector as part of its national development strategy. This Country Study investigates the role that trade should play in Bolivia s development strategy, given the country s rich resource endowment, and examines the lessons of Bolivia s integration into the global economy. Considering the past links between trade and Bolivia s economy, the study analyzes the impact of different scenarios on growth, employment, trade flows, and poverty; it also evaluates barriers to higher export competitiveness and constraints on exporting firms. The study concludes that preferential access to world markets is necessary but not sufficient for success in nontraditional exports. Efficient services are necessary to reduce exporters costs, and the government should be more proactive in laying the foundation for export diversification, increasing the effectiveness of institutions, and addressing impediments to crossborder trade.
Download or read book Export Diversification and Economic Growth written by Juan Felipe Mejía and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-31 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main research problem addressed in the book is the one regarding the role that export diversification could play for enhancing economic growth in Colombia, both in terms of new products and new geographic markets. The underlying motivation for centering the analysis on the European Union’s market are manifold, reaching from the evident concentration of exports – both in terms of composition and markets- that Colombia still shows, to the small amount of empirical studies analyzing the current status and potentialities of the commercial relations between Colombia and the European Union.
Download or read book Enhancing Regional Trade Integration in Southeast Europe written by Borko Handjiski and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-01-29 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The countries of the Southeast Europe region have the common objective of joining the European Union (EU). To achieve this goal, these countries have pursued closer integration with the EU and with each other, including signing the Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA). CEFTA aims to fully liberalize trade in the region and work toward greater cooperation in a number of trade-related areas, such as investment, services, public procurement, and intellectual property rights. This paper aims to help policy makers in Southeast Europe assess the impact of the recently introduced trade policy measures, and proposes actions that could complement these measures and help achieve greater regional trade integration. The paper considers intra-regional trade flows and the remaining nontariff barriers to trade, the benefits of allowing free movement of skilled labor in the region, and how adopting the EU's Common External Tariff could prevent trade diversion.
Download or read book The Development Dimension Trade for Growth and Poverty Reduction How Aid for Trade Can Help written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2011-03-23 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade for Growth and Poverty Reduction: How Aid for Trade Can Help explains how Aid for Trade can foster economic growth and reduce poverty, and why it is an important instrument for a development strategy that actively supports poverty alleviation.
Download or read book Nomination of Winter D Horton Jr to be a Member of the Board of Directors of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Show Biz Training written by Lenn Millbower and published by AMACOM/American Management Association. This book was released on 2003 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Entertainers and trainers have a lot in common. Both require an audience. Both require a polished, professional delivery. And both must attract -- and keep -- attention. Or else the show is over. Unlike the audience at a show, training participants are often disinterested and easily distracted. In order to keep them tuned in and help them retain information, trainers are constantly in search of new ways to engage learners. Grounded in the latest adult learning and training theories, "Show Biz Training" provides creative techniques that use comedy, props, magic, theater, and music, giving readers all the tools they need to perform the many activities found inside. The book uses specific examples and provides step-by-step instructions, resource lists, and worksheets to help trainers support and further learning by engaging emotion, building rapport, creating the proper atmosphere, and crafting lessons out of a host of entertainment-inspired ideas. Packed with fun, original concepts for serious educators, "Show Biz Training"is a highly informative way to set the stage for exciting, effective learning."
Download or read book Fun with the Family Massachusetts 7th written by Marcia Glassman-Jaffe and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2010-05-04 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geared towards parents with children between the ages of two and twelve, Fun with the Family Massachusetts features interesting facts and sidebars as well as practical tips about traveling with your little ones.
Download or read book English For The World TOEFL iBT Integrated Essay written by Bryce Clark and published by Bryce Clark. This book was released on 2015-11-19 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BIG DISCOUNT - ONLY for this WEEKEND!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Do you need a high score in the TOEFL iBT writing section? Would you like to see what a high scoring sample answer look like (written by an TOEFL iBT teacher)? Do you want to know the important tips that make high scoring answers? If you're someone who wants to achieve a high score in writing section, then you're about to see exactly how an TOEFL iBT professional writes high scoring answers! This ebook provides sample answers that are exactly what the examiners look for. Did you know that many sample TOEFL iBT writing answers on the internet today do not match the expectations of an TOEFL iBT examiner? So it's important that if you are in the search for model answers then you consider answers that are accurate examples that align with the official TOEFL iBT scoring criteria. Imagine being able to understand how high scoring answers are structured for Writing task? How about learning how grammar and vocabulary are used? You can, just by downloading this book! Inside this book you'll get: - High scoring model answers - The TOEFL iBT writing question types (clearly explained) - Suggested answer structure (which you can follow and use yourself) - Scoring criteria (how to write your answers to maximise your score) - Important tips you must know If you're sick of reading different TOEFL iBT preparation books, if you're tired of taking the TOEFL iBT several times and still not getting the score you want, then you must download this book! It will save you time and you'll quickly understand the differences between low scoring answers and high scoring answers. This book has been put together to guide TOEFL iBT students on how to best answer the writing questions. Along with sample answers, which the author has written herself, the book also shares important tips for helping you succeed! Types of Topics There are many different topics for essays in the exam, but typical topic areas include: education, crime, media, technology, social issues, technology and the future, and the environment. In this case it makes sense to build up vocabulary in these key areas in order to have sufficient language to write an essay well. Types of Questions There are three main types of essay questions that are included in the TOEFL iBT writing exam. It is important to learn how to structure each of these types. Each of these will be described more fully in the sections that follow. Briefly, they are an opinion essay, where you are asked to give your own personal opinion on a topic; a both sides and opinion essay, where you are required to discuss both sides of an argument and then give your own personal opinion on the topic; and a two question essay, which involves responding to two different questions.
Download or read book English For The World IELTS Writing Module Band 8 written by James Martin and published by James Martin. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BIG DISCOUNT - ONLY for this WEEKEND!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Do you need a high score in the IELTS writing section (Academic test format)? Would you like to see what a high scoring sample answer look like (written by an IELTS teacher)? Do you want to know the important tips that make high scoring answers? If you're someone who wants to achieve a 7, 8 or 9 for the IELTS writing section, then you're about to see exactly how an IELTS professional writes high scoring answers! This ebook provides sample answers that are exactly what the examiners look for. Did you know that many sample IELTS writing answers on the internet today do not match the expectations of an IELTS examiner? So it's important that if you are in the search for model answers then you consider answers that are accurate examples that align with the official IELTS scoring criteria. Imagine being able to understand how high scoring answers are structured for Task 2? How about learning how grammar and vocabulary are used? You can, just by downloading this book! Inside this book you'll get: - High scoring model answers - The IELTS writing question types (clearly explained) - Suggested answer structure (which you can follow and use yourself) - Scoring criteria (how to write your answers to maximise your score) - Important tips you must know If you're sick of reading different IELTS preparation books, if you're tired of taking the IELTS several times and still not getting the score you want, then you must download this book! It will save you time and you'll quickly understand the differences between low scoring answers and high scoring answers. This book has been put together to guide IELTS students on how to best answer the writing questions. Along with sample answers, which the author has written herself, the book also shares important tips for helping you succeed! Writing Task 2 is designed to test your ability to write an academic style essay. You must present the information in your own words as complete sentences within paragraphs. You are required to write over 250 words, and the task should be completed in about 40 minutes (both part 1 and 2 must be finished in 1 hour). Types of Topics There are many different topics for essays in the exam, but typical topic areas include: education, crime, media, technology, social issues, technology and the future, and the environment. In this case it makes sense to build up vocabulary in these key areas in order to have sufficient language to write an essay well. Types of Questions There are three main types of essay questions that are included in the IELTS writing exam. It is important to learn how to structure each of these types. Each of these will be described more fully in the sections that follow. Briefly, they are an opinion essay, where you are asked to give your own personal opinion on a topic; a both sides and opinion essay, where you are required to discuss both sides of an argument and then give your own personal opinion on the topic; and a two question essay, which involves responding to two different questions.
Download or read book The best preparation for TOEFL iBT Integrated Essay written by Michael Green and published by Michael Green. This book was released on 2015-11-19 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BIG DISCOUNT - ONLY for this WEEKEND!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Types of Questions There are three main types of essay questions that are included in the TOEFL iBT writing exam. It is important to learn how to structure each of these types. Each of these will be described more fully in the sections that follow. Briefly, they are an opinion essay, where you are asked to give your own personal opinion on a topic; a both sides and opinion essay, where you are required to discuss both sides of an argument and then give your own personal opinion on the topic; and a two question essay, which involves responding to two different questions. Do you need a high score in the TOEFL iBT writing section? Would you like to see what a high scoring sample answer look like (written by an TOEFL iBT teacher)? Do you want to know the important tips that make high scoring answers? If you're someone who wants to achieve a high score in writing section, then you're about to see exactly how an TOEFL iBT professional writes high scoring answers! This ebook provides sample answers that are exactly what the examiners look for. Did you know that many sample TOEFL iBT writing answers on the internet today do not match the expectations of an TOEFL iBT examiner? So it's important that if you are in the search for model answers then you consider answers that are accurate examples that align with the official TOEFL iBT scoring criteria. Imagine being able to understand how high scoring answers are structured for Writing task? How about learning how grammar and vocabulary are used? You can, just by downloading this book! Inside this book you'll get: - High scoring model answers - The TOEFL iBT writing question types (clearly explained) - Suggested answer structure (which you can follow and use yourself) - Scoring criteria (how to write your answers to maximise your score) - Important tips you must know If you're sick of reading different TOEFL iBT preparation books, if you're tired of taking the TOEFL iBT several times and still not getting the score you want, then you must download this book! It will save you time and you'll quickly understand the differences between low scoring answers and high scoring answers. This book has been put together to guide TOEFL iBT students on how to best answer the writing questions. Along with sample answers, which the author has written herself, the book also shares important tips for helping you succeed! Types of Topics There are many different topics for essays in the exam, but typical topic areas include: education, crime, media, technology, social issues, technology and the future, and the environment. In this case it makes sense to build up vocabulary in these key areas in order to have sufficient language to write an essay well.
Download or read book The best preparation for IELTS Writing academic module band 9 written by Ryan Wright and published by Ryan Wright. This book was released on 2015-11-19 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BIG DISCOUNT - ONLY for this WEEKEND!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Writing Task 2 is designed to test your ability to write an academic style essay. You must present the information in your own words as complete sentences within paragraphs. You are required to write over 250 words, and the task should be completed in about 40 minutes (both part 1 and 2 must be finished in 1 hour). Types of Topics There are many different topics for essays in the exam, but typical topic areas include: education, crime, media, technology, social issues, technology and the future, and the environment. In this case it makes sense to build up vocabulary in these key areas in order to have sufficient language to write an essay well. Types of Questions There are three main types of essay questions that are included in the IELTS writing exam. It is important to learn how to structure each of these types. Each of these will be described more fully in the sections that follow. Briefly, they are an opinion essay, where you are asked to give your own personal opinion on a topic; a both sides and opinion essay, where you are required to discuss both sides of an argument and then give your own personal opinion on the topic; and a two question essay, which involves responding to two different questions.
Download or read book This Business of Television written by Howard J. Blumenthal and published by Billboard Books. This book was released on 2006 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication reflects the changes in television, both domestically and internationally and is a useful guide to the legal, economic, and production aspects of the industry.
Download or read book FCC Record written by United States. Federal Communications Commission and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 1006 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book IELTS SPEAKING 2022 LATEST SPEAKING TOPICS FOR IELTS written by DARSHAN SINGH and published by FREEDOM PUBLISHING HOUSE . This book was released on 2021-03-07 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABOUT THE BOOK: This book is written after thorough research in the field of IELTS. This book will offer you a comprehensive variety of topics that are asked by the examiners in the IELTS Speaking Test. This book contains more than 1000 solved questions and answers for the follow-up round as well as 200 + solved Cue-card topics from the past and current exams. This book includes four parts in which the solutions are given for all the questions. This book should be read systematically to gain a high band score in your IELTS exam. This book contains 2000 + useful vocabulary words along with speaking tips for the candidates. Read all those tips before you go to the exams. This book is a compilation of the most common and frequent questions and topics asked in the IELTS speaking test. This is entirely guesswork and shouldn’t be considered as the final syllabus of the exam. FROM THE AUTHOR: I have been in the field of education for the past 10 years. I have the experience of training more than 10,000 students over a decade for the IELTS exam. I have collected the latest data by interacting with the candidates that have taken the IELTS exam from all over India. With extensive research and foresight, this book has been amassed for your help in the speaking module of IELTS. Don’t try to memorize the content instead read it, take out ideas from it and use these ideas while speaking practice. I have compiled my experience of training from all these years and have locked in this book. So, what are you waiting for? You have the key to this lock now. Open this book and be successful. I hope this book helps you in achieving your goals.
