Download or read book Warmed up Emissions Characterization and Optimization Based on Catalyst OSC Content distribution and Engine Lambda Characteristics Using a Production Vehicle written by David Henry Moser and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical and Biological Characterization of Exhaust Emissions from Flexible Fuel Vehicles Equipped with a Heated Pre catalyst System written by Leif Olsson and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption Characteristics of an Engine During Warmup written by Donald J. Pozniak and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Reduced Ambient Temperatures on the Warm up Emissions Production Behaviour of Gasoline Fuelled Automobiles written by Canada. Transport Canada. Surface. Road Safety and Motor Vehicle Regulation Directorate and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Analysis and Cold Start Performance of Automotive Emission Systems written by Sumit Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Automotive exhaust emission regulations are becoming stricter due to increasing awareness of the hazardous effects of exhaust emissions. The main challenge to comply with the EPA regulations is to reduce the emissions during cold start, because catalytic converters are ineffective until they reach a 'light-off' temperature - the temperature at which the converter starts reducing 50 % of emissions. A thermal model of a catalytic converter is presented which reduces the light-off time and significantly reduces the concentration of exhaust gas emissions. This thesis describes a numerical model of the catalytic converter, which is used to predict catalytic converter performance during cold-starts. Simulations were carried out using a finite element software - Abaqus, to study the catalytic converter performance at various temperatures. After analyzing thermal models for both - uniform heat distribution and cost effectiveness, a heat source of 90 W was chosen for a three-heater configuration (30 W each) to pre-heat the converter. A reduction in the concentration of emissions by a factor of 4 to 6 were recorded as a result of vehicle simulation with this thermally designed catalytic converter. ADVISOR (Advanced Vehicle Simulator), a vehicle simulator, was used to calculate 'engine-out emissions'"--Leaf iii.
Download or read book Characterization of Exhaust Emissions from a Dual Catalyst Equipped Vehicle written by Peter A. Gabele and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems for Future Transport 2019 written by IMECHE and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-03-09 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the changing landscape of the transport sector, there are also alternative powertrain systems on offer that can run independently of or in conjunction with the internal combustion (IC) engine. This shift has actually helped the industry gain traction with the IC Engine market projected to grow at 4.67% CAGR during the forecast period 2019-2025. It continues to meet both requirements and challenges through continual technology advancement and innovation from the latest research. With this in mind, the contributions in Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems for Future Transport 2019 not only cover the particular issues for the IC engine market but also reflect the impact of alternative powertrains on the propulsion industry. The main topics include: • Engines for hybrid powertrains and electrification • IC engines • Fuel cells • E-machines • Air-path and other technologies achieving performance and fuel economy benefits • Advances and improvements in combustion and ignition systems • Emissions regulation and their control by engine and after-treatment • Developments in real-world driving cycles • Advanced boosting systems • Connected powertrains (AI) • Electrification opportunities • Energy conversion and recovery systems • Modified or novel engine cycles • IC engines for heavy duty and off highway Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems for Future Transport 2019 provides a forum for IC engine, fuels and powertrain experts, and looks closely at developments in powertrain technology required to meet the demands of the low carbon economy and global competition in all sectors of the transportation, off-highway and stationary power industries.
Download or read book Chemical and Physical Properties of Automotive Emissions from Catalyst Equipped Cars During the GM written by American Chemical Society. Division of Environmental Chemistry and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Combustion Robustness in Catalyst Heating Operation on a Spray Guided DISI Engine written by Benjamin W. G. Twiney and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cold start catalyst warm-up operation is seen as one of the most important modes in Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) Engine operation. When the catalyst is cold the engine out emissions become the tailpipe out emissions, so it is vital for the catalyst to obtain its working temperature as quickly as possible. A very high exhaust temperature can be achieved with a very retarded ignition - the engine can be made to operate at no load with a close to wide open throttle. With a retarded ignition, a split injection strategy has been shown to improve combustion stability which is critical for the trade-off between tailpipe emissions and vehicle idle stability. The spray guided DISI engine has a multi- hole injector centrally located in the chamber with the spark plug. For catalyst heating operation, the first injection occurs during induction, which forms a relatively well mixed but lean mixture in the cylinder before ignition, and the second injection occurs close to a retarded ignition, which produces a stratified fuel rich mixture in the central region of the combustion chamber near the spark plug. Combustion initialization is found to be sensitive to spark plug protrusion and orientation, injector orientation and 2nd injection timing relative to ignition. High tension current and voltage measurements have been taken in order to characterize the effect of the 2nd injection timing on both the breakdown and the glow phase of the arc discharge. Both phases are shown to be influenced by the timing of the 2nd injection. The richer mixture causes the breakdown voltage to increases while the airflow entrained in the 2nd injection has been shown to stretch the spark and in the worst case extinguish it prematurely. In-cylinder spray imaging by Mie scattering has been taken with frame rates up to 6000 fps, with high speed video photography of chemiluminescence and soot thermal radiation. Tests have studied the effect of the spark plug orientation and injector orientation, with timing sweeps for the phasing of the second injection. The images show interaction of a fuel jet with the earth electrode, stretching of the arc, variable location for the start of combustion and significant cycle-by-cycle variations with the same operating point leading to normal combustion, slow combustion and misfiring cycles. Spectroscopic measurements have confirmed the presence of OH *, CH * and C2*; emissions lines, and their relative magnitude compared to soot radiation. Filtering for CH * has been used with a photo-multiplier tube. These signals show the arc discharge, the delay between the arc and the kernel growth and (depending on the timing of the 2nd injection) small kernels which do not subsequently fully develop and can cause misfiring cycles. Unburned hydrocarbon emissions have been measured with a fast-response FID, so that emissions can be related to: misfiring cycles, slow burning cycles (0
Download or read book Internal Combustion Engines Improving Performance Fuel Economy and Emissions written by Federico Millo and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2020-10-02 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue, consisting of 14 papers, presents the latest findings concerning both numerical and experimental investigations. Their aim is to achieve a reduction in pollutant emissions, as well as an improvement in fuel economy and performance, for internal combustion engines. This will provide readers with a comprehensive, unbiased, and scientifically sound overview of the most recent research and technological developments in this field. More specific topics include: 3D CFD detailed analysis of the fuel injection, combustion and exhaust aftertreatments processes, 1D and 0D, semi-empirical, neural network-based control-oriented models, experimental analysis and the optimization of both conventional and innovative combustion processes.
Download or read book Eco efficient Pavement Construction Materials written by Fernando Pacheco-Torgal and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-18 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eco-efficient Pavement Construction Materials acquaints engineers with research findings on new eco-efficient pavement materials and how they can be incorporated into future pavements. Divided into three distinctive parts, the book emphasizes current research topics such as pavements with recycled waste, pavements for climate change mitigation, self-healing pavements, and pavements with energy harvesting potential. Part One considers techniques for recycling, Part Two reviews the contribution of pavements for climate change mitigation, including cool pavements, the development of new coatings for high albedo targets, and the design of pervious pavements. Finally, Part Three focuses on self-healing pavements, addressing novel materials and design and performance. Finally, the book discusses the case of pavements with energy harvesting potential, addressing different technologies on this field. Offers a clear and concise lifecycle assessment of asphalt pavement recycling for greenhouse gas emission with temporal aspects Applies key research trends to green the pavement industry Includes techniques for recycling waste materials, the design of cool pavements, self-healing mechanisms, and key steps in energy harvesting
Download or read book Engine Modeling and Control written by Rolf Isermann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing demands for internal combustion engines with regard to fuel consumption, emissions and driveability lead to more actuators, sensors and complex control functions. A systematic implementation of the electronic control systems requires mathematical models from basic design through simulation to calibration. The book treats physically-based as well as models based experimentally on test benches for gasoline (spark ignition) and diesel (compression ignition) engines and uses them for the design of the different control functions. The main topics are: - Development steps for engine control - Stationary and dynamic experimental modeling - Physical models of intake, combustion, mechanical system, turbocharger, exhaust, cooling, lubrication, drive train - Engine control structures, hardware, software, actuators, sensors, fuel supply, injection system, camshaft - Engine control methods, static and dynamic feedforward and feedback control, calibration and optimization, HiL, RCP, control software development - Control of gasoline engines, control of air/fuel, ignition, knock, idle, coolant, adaptive control functions - Control of diesel engines, combustion models, air flow and exhaust recirculation control, combustion-pressure-based control (HCCI), optimization of feedforward and feedback control, smoke limitation and emission control This book is an introduction to electronic engine management with many practical examples, measurements and research results. It is aimed at advanced students of electrical, mechanical, mechatronic and control engineering and at practicing engineers in the field of combustion engine and automotive engineering.
Download or read book Catalytic Combustion written by Sophie A. Cottilard and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalytic combustion has been developed as a method of promoting efficient combustion over a wide range of air-to-fuel ratios with a minimum pollutant formation at low temperatures as compared to conventional flame combustion. In this book, the authors present current research in the study of catalytic combustion including commercial and industrial research in combustion and fluidisation engineering; the catalytic combustion of soot; using metal oxides to improve catalytic efficiency; catalytic combustion in the removal of pollutants from exhaust gases and in the energy conversion field and the catalytic combustion of methane using ceria-zirconia.
Download or read book Dorland s Dictionary of Medical Acronyms and Abbreviations E Book written by Dorland and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-07-24 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical acronyms and abbreviations offer convenience, but those countless shortcuts can often be confusing. Now a part of the popular Dorland’s suite of products, this reference features thousands of terms from across various medical specialties. Its alphabetical arrangement makes for quick reference, and expanded coverage of symbols ensures they are easier to find. Effective communication plays an important role in all medical settings, so turn to this trusted volume for nearly any medical abbreviation you might encounter. Symbols section makes it easier to locate unusual or seldom-used symbols. Convenient alphabetical format allows you to find the entry you need more intuitively. More than 90,000 entries and definitions. Many new and updated entries including terminology in expanding specialties, such as Nursing; Physical, Occupational, and Speech Therapies; Transcription and Coding; Computer and Technical Fields. New section on abbreviations to avoid, including Joint Commission abbreviations that are not to be used. Incorporates updates suggested by the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP).
Download or read book New and Future Developments in Catalysis written by Steven L Suib and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-07-17 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New and Future Developments in Catalysis is a package of seven books that compile the latest ideas concerning alternate and renewable energy sources and the role that catalysis plays in converting new renewable feedstock into biofuels and biochemicals. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts and catalytic processes will be discussed in a unified and comprehensive approach. There will be extensive cross-referencing within all volumes.The various sources of environmental pollution are the theme of this volume. The volume lists all current environmentally friendly catalytic chemical processes used for environmental remediation and critically compares their economic viability. Offers in-depth coverage of all catalytic topics of current interest and outlines future challenges and research areas A clear and visual description of all parameters and conditions, enabling the reader to draw conclusions for a particular case Outlines the catalytic processes applicable to energy generation and design of green processes
Download or read book ICGSCE 2014 written by Md Amin Hashim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes selected papers from the ICGSCE 2014 with focus on the current trends of global resources used to meet the growing demands to improve life style coupled with environmental and social problems related to the resource consumption with emphasize to move towards sustainable development. It provides a platform for scientists and academicians from local and international universities and industries to promote, share and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of Chemical Engineering with respect to global sustainability. Under the sustainability umbrella the topics covered are; alternative energy sources, alternative feedstock for energy and chemicals, alternative raw materials for household commodity, green process with minimal environmental impact, process intensification, waste minimization, recycling of wastes and providing quality water, food and medicines. Other topics covered include: 1. Oil and gas, Biofuel, Fuel cell, Renewable energy 2. Green technology, Sustainability, Environmental, Carbon sequestration, Carbon footprint, Natural resources 3. Chemical processes, Separation technology, Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, Food technology, Particle technology, Corrosion, Pharmaceutical, Phytochemical, Oleochemical 4. Process modeling, Process Simulation, Process control 5. Advanced material, Polymer, Catalyst, Enzyme 6. Policy, Regulations, Strategy and implementation, Safety, Management of science, Engineering education 7. Process Safety and Loss Prevention, Environmental and chemical risk assessment, Transportation risk analysis, Inherent safety.
Download or read book Modeling Life written by Alan Garfinkel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-06 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops the mathematical tools essential for students in the life sciences to describe interacting systems and predict their behavior. From predator-prey populations in an ecosystem, to hormone regulation within the body, the natural world abounds in dynamical systems that affect us profoundly. Complex feedback relations and counter-intuitive responses are common in nature; this book develops the quantitative skills needed to explore these interactions. Differential equations are the natural mathematical tool for quantifying change, and are the driving force throughout this book. The use of Euler’s method makes nonlinear examples tractable and accessible to a broad spectrum of early-stage undergraduates, thus providing a practical alternative to the procedural approach of a traditional Calculus curriculum. Tools are developed within numerous, relevant examples, with an emphasis on the construction, evaluation, and interpretation of mathematical models throughout. Encountering these concepts in context, students learn not only quantitative techniques, but how to bridge between biological and mathematical ways of thinking. Examples range broadly, exploring the dynamics of neurons and the immune system, through to population dynamics and the Google PageRank algorithm. Each scenario relies only on an interest in the natural world; no biological expertise is assumed of student or instructor. Building on a single prerequisite of Precalculus, the book suits a two-quarter sequence for first or second year undergraduates, and meets the mathematical requirements of medical school entry. The later material provides opportunities for more advanced students in both mathematics and life sciences to revisit theoretical knowledge in a rich, real-world framework. In all cases, the focus is clear: how does the math help us understand the science?
