Download or read book Walnut Creek Contraceptive Drug Study written by Savitri Ramcharan and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Walnut Creek Contraceptive Drug Study written by Savitri Ramcharan and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Walnut Creek Contraceptive Drug Study written by Savitri Ramcharan and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Walnut Creek Contraceptive Drug Study A comparison of disease occurrence leading to hospitalization or death in users and nonuse rs of oral contraceptives written by Savitri Ramcharan and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Departments of Labor Health and Human Services Education and Related Agencies Appropriations for 1982 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 2300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hormonal Contraception and Post menopausal Hormonal Therapy written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 1999 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluates evidence for an increased risk of cancer in women using combined oral contraceptives, progestogen-only hormonal contraceptives, post-menopausal estrogen therapy, and post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy. Although the carcinogenicity of these preparations has been extensively investigated, the book stresses the many complex methodological issues that must be considered when interpreting findings and weighing results. Evidence of an association between use of these preparations and positive effects on health, including a reduced risk of some cancers, is also critically assessed. The first and most extensive monograph evaluates evidence of an association between the use of combined oral contraceptives and cancer at nine sites. Concerning breast cancer, the evaluation concludes that, even if the association is causal, the excess risk for breast cancer associated with patterns of use that are typical today is very small. Studies of predominantly high-dose preparations found an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the absence of hepatitis viruses. Citing these findings, the evaluation concludes that there is sufficient evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of combined oral contraceptives. The evaluation also found sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of some, but not all, combined preparations in animals. Combined oral contraceptives were classified as carcinogenic to humans. The evaluation also cites conclusive evidence that these agents have a protective effect against cancers of the ovary and endometrium. Progestogen-only contraceptives are evaluated in the second monograph, which considers the association with cancer at six sites. The evaluation found no evidence of an increased risk for breast cancer. Although the evaluation found sufficient evidence in animals for the carcinogenicity of medroxyprogesterone acetate, evidence for the carcinogenicity of progestogen-only contraceptives in humans was judged inadequate. Progestogen-only contraceptives were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. The third monograph, on post-menopausal estrogen therapy, considers evidence of an association with cancer at eight sites. Findings from a large number of epidemiological studies indicate a small increase in the risk of breast cancer in women who have used these preparations for five years or more. Studies consistently show an association between use of post-menopausal estrogen therapy and an increased risk for endometrial cancer. Data on the association with other cancers were either inconclusive or suggested no effect on risk. The evaluation concludes that post-menopausal estrogen therapy is carcinogenic to humans. The final monograph evaluates the association between the use of post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy and cancer at four sites. The evaluation of limited data on breast cancer found an increased relative risk observed with long-term use. Data were judged insufficient to assess the effects of past use and of different progestogen compounds, doses, and treatment schedules. For endometrial cancer, the evaluation found an increase in risk relative to non-users when the progestogen was added to the cycle for 10 days or fewer. Post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy was classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. Concerning post-menopausal therapy in general, the book notes that evidence of carcinogenic risks must be placed in perspective of potential benefits. The prevention of osteoporotic fractures is cited as the best-established benefit. Evidence also suggests that estrogen prevents heart disease and may prevent memory loss and dementia.

Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by United States. Superintendent of Documents and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monthly Catalogue United States Public Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Publication Catalog of the U S Department of Health and Human Services written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Oral Contraceptives and Breast Cancer The Implications of the Present Findings for Informed Consent and Informed Choice written by R.D. Mann and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-01-15 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of the proceedings presented at the Royal Society of Medicine by American and European researchers involved in longterm studies on oral contraceptives. Topics include reviews of case-control studies on contraceptive use before the age of 25 or the first full-term pregnancy.

Download or read book The Final Report Appendix 3b IMS America ltd Task A report appendix written by Joint Commission on Prescription Drug Use and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Report of Joint Commission of Prescription Drug Use written by Joint Commission on Prescription Drug Use and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Walnut Creek Contraceptive Drug Study Additional findings in oral contraceptive users and nonusers written by Savitri Ramcharan and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book CPR Population Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Progress Report of the Center for Population Research National Institute of Child Health and Human Development written by Center for Population Research (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development) and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Progress Report of the Center for Population Research National Institute of Child Health and Human Development written by Center for Population Research (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.)) and published by . This book was released on with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Contraceptive Steroids written by A. T. Gregoire and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the United States Food and Drug Administration's most difficult tasks is the assessment of risk-benefit ratios for a broad spectrum of therapeutic and prophylactic drugs. Furthermore, it is now widely recog nized that no drug, chemical or even natural substance is completely devoid of risk. Nowhere has this issue been the subject of more controversy than with steroidal contraceptive drugs. Regulated as a special class of products because of their prophylactic use in healthy individuals for prevention of pregnancy rather than for treatment of disease, steroid contraceptives drugs undergo more extensive animal safety tests than any other pharmaceutical agent. This view also contemplates the availability of alternative contraceptive measures posing fewer risks, but the use of less effective methods must take into consideration the hazards associated with pregnancy itself. In April 1983, the Food and Drug Administration and the National Insti tutes of Health in cooperation with the World Health Organization, the Population Council, and the Agency for International Development sponsored a three-day workshop to evaluate current guidelines for preclinical safety studies of contraceptive drugs in light of our extensive knowledge of the side effects of marketed products. The meeting included presenta tions by experts in the fields of comparative metabolism, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, carcinogenicity, toxicology, coagulation, lipid metabolism, epidemiology and pathology at a meeting of the Fertility and Maternal Health Drugs Advisory Committee of the National Center for Drugs and Biologics, Food and Drug Administration.