Download or read book Volume Scattering from Sea Ice and Glacier Snow written by Albert W. Biggs and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation considers volume scattering from Arctic sea ice and Cascade Mountain snow fields. Physical properties of sea ice and dielectric properties of glacier snow are described in terms of dielectric mixtures and the relaxation spectra of water at microwave frequencies. The VLF spectrum is included to illustrate analogous relaxation for ice. Scattering models are brine pockets in sea ice and ice spheroids in snow fields. Radar backscatter measurements of sea ice and SLAR images of snow fields are interpreted with these models. Simulation of sea ice in an acoustic tank demonstrates volume and surface scattering with good qualitative results. The dielectric relaxation phenomena in water at microwave frequencies is also interpreted as a mechanism for anomalous behavior.
Download or read book Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar written by Irena Hajnsek and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-24 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book focuses on the practical application of electromagnetic polarimetry principles in Earth remote sensing with an educational purpose. In the last decade, the operations from fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar such as the Japanese ALOS/PalSAR, the Canadian Radarsat-2 and the German TerraSAR-X and their easy data access for scientific use have developed further the research and data applications at L,C and X band. As a consequence, the wider distribution of polarimetric data sets across the remote sensing community boosted activity and development in polarimetric SAR applications, also in view of future missions. Numerous experiments with real data from spaceborne platforms are shown, with the aim of giving an up-to-date and complete treatment of the unique benefits of fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar data in five different domains: forest, agriculture, cryosphere, urban and oceans.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Snow Ice and Glaciers written by Vijay P. Singh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 1301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The earth’s cryosphere, which includes snow, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, ice shelves, sea ice, river and lake ice, and permafrost, contains about 75% of the earth’s fresh water. It exists at almost all latitudes, from the tropics to the poles, and plays a vital role in controlling the global climate system. It also provides direct visible evidence of the effect of climate change, and, therefore, requires proper understanding of its complex dynamics. This encyclopedia mainly focuses on the various aspects of snow, ice and glaciers, but also covers other cryospheric branches, and provides up-to-date information and basic concepts on relevant topics. It includes alphabetically arranged and professionally written, comprehensive and authoritative academic articles by well-known international experts in individual fields. The encyclopedia contains a broad spectrum of topics, ranging from the atmospheric processes responsible for snow formation; transformation of snow to ice and changes in their properties; classification of ice and glaciers and their worldwide distribution; glaciation and ice ages; glacier dynamics; glacier surface and subsurface characteristics; geomorphic processes and landscape formation; hydrology and sedimentary systems; permafrost degradation; hazards caused by cryospheric changes; and trends of glacier retreat on the global scale along with the impact of climate change. This book can serve as a source of reference at the undergraduate and graduate level and help to better understand snow, ice and glaciers. It will also be an indispensable tool containing specialized literature for geologists, geographers, climatologists, hydrologists, and water resources engineers; as well as for those who are engaged in the practice of agricultural and civil engineering, earth sciences, environmental sciences and engineering, ecosystem management, and other relevant subjects.
Download or read book Amendments to the Budget written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1096 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hearings written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 2026 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Sea Ice and Icebergs written by Simon Haykin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1994-10-28 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the latest remote sensing technologies used to detect ice hazards in the marine environment; map surface currents, sea-state and surface winds; study ice dynamics, over ice transportation, oil spill countermeasures, climate changes and ice reconnaisance. Includes such technologies as acoustic sensing, ice-thickness measurement, passive microwave remote sensing, ground wave and surface-based radars.
Download or read book Hearings Reports and Prints of the House Committee on Appropriations written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shuttle Imaging Radar C Science Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Earth Observing System written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oceanography from Space written by J. F. Gower and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 939 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is based on the proceedings of the COSPAR/SCOR/ IUCRM Symposium "Oceanography From Space" held in May 1980 in Venice, Italy. COSPAR (The Committee for Space Research) suggested holding a joint symposium with SCOR (The Scientific Committee for Oceanic Research) as a major review of space oceanography. Since this meeting fitted well with a series of colloquia organized by the IUCRM (The Inter-Union Commission on Radio Meteorology), these three bodies joined in sponsoring the meeting. The conference was hald 16 years after the first discussions of possible spaceborne observations of the ocean at a meeting organized in 1964 in Woods Hole. Gifford'Ewing was then keen to see oceanography benefit from the new satellite technology being developed, and he begins this volume by noting that most of the suggestions put forward in 1964 have now, at last, been successfully demonstrated in practice. The papers that follow show the variety of measurement techniques available or possible, and many of the types of studies in which they can be used. Papers are arranged in a general section, and in 6 specialized sections each of which starts with a brief introduction summarizing important results.
Download or read book Department of Defense Appropriations for written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SAR written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Department of Defense Appropriations for 1973 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of Defense and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Department of Defense Appropriations for 1973 written by United States. Congress. House. Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Earth Observing System From pattern to process the strategy of the earth observing system written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Snow and Ice written by W. Gareth Rees and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-08-12 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many advances in spaceborne instrumentation, remote sensing, and data analysis have occurred in recent years, but until now there has been no book that reflects these advances while delivering a uniform treatment of the remote sensing of frozen regions. Remote Sensing of Snow and Ice identifies unifying themes and ideas in these fields and presents them in a single volume. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the remote sensing of the Earth’s cryosphere. Explaining why cryospheric observations are important and why remote sensing observations are essential, it offers thorough surveys of the physical properties of ice and snow, and of current and emerging remote sensing techniques. Presenting a technical review of how the properties of snow and ice relate to remote sensing observations, the book focuses on principles by which useful geophysical information becomes encoded into the electromagnetic radiation detected during the remote sensing process. The author then discusses in detail the application of remote sensing methods to snow, freshwater ice, glaciers, and icebergs. The book concludes with a summary that examines what remote sensing has revealed about the cryosphere, where major technical problems still exist, and how these problems can be addressed.
Download or read book Amendments to the Budget for fiscal year 1973 Briefings on Vietnam War Reprogramings SALT agreements Testimony of members of Congress and other individuals and organizations Tuesday April 11 1972 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of Defense and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1098 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
