Download or read book Void Formation in Proton irradiated Stainless Steel written by D. W. Keefer and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Voids have been produced by 1.2-MeV proton irradiation at 500 degrees C in Type 316 stainless steel contain 2 atomic parts per million (appm) helium. The proton fluence was 6 x 1018 p/cm2. Observation of electron microscope foils, obtained at various positions along the proton pathlength, has shown that the average void diameter increased with increasing number of atom displacements, but that the void density remained constant. Calculated volume swelling ranged from 0.2 to 5%, depending on the number of displacements. In addition to voids, irradiation-produced dislocation loops and small precipitate particles on dislocations have been observed.
Download or read book Studies of Void Formation in Proton Irradiated Type 316 and Titanium Modified 316 Stainless Steels written by DW. Keefer and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Void formation was studied in annealed Type 316 stainless steel irradiated with 1-MeV protons at 400 C, 500 C, and 600 C (752, 932, and 1112 F) for amounts of damage up to 50 displacements per atom (dpa). Prior to irradiation, the samples were injected with about 5 atomic ppm helium to simulate the fast-reactor situation, where helium is generated by (n,?) reactions. The volume increase at each temperature, as determined by quantitative electron microscopy, varied exponentially with displacement damage and the exponent increased with temperature. Volume increases exceeding 20 percent were associated with 50 dpa at 500 C and 20 dpa at 600 C; no limits on volume increases were apparent at any temperature. Void number density decreased and average void size increased with increasing temperature for a constant damage. A titanium-modified 316 stainless steel developed a very inhomogeneous void distribution when proton irradiated at 600 C. However, the addition of titanium did not appear to diminish the volume increase at damages between 5 and 10 dpa, when compared with ordinary Type 316 stainless steel.
Download or read book VOID FORMATION IN PROTON IRRADIATED STAINLESS STEEL written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atom Displacements and Void Formation in Proton irradiated Type 316 Stainless Steel written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book VOID FORMATION IN PROTON AND NICKEL IRRADIATED TYPE 304 STAINLESS STEEL written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book STUDIES OF VOID FORMATION IN PROTON IRRADIATED TYPE 316 AND TITANIUM MODIFIED 316 STAINLESS STEELS written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Void Formation in Cold Worked Type 316 Stainless Steel Irradiated with 1 MeV Protons written by DW. Keefer and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cold-worked Type 316 stainless steel was irradiated at 500and 600°C with 1-MeV protons. The dependence of void formation on displacement damage, irradiation temperature, and microstructure was studied by transmission electron microscopy. Cold working delays the onset of swelling and reduces it, via a reduction in void size, at both irradiation temperatures. Inhomogeneity in the cold-worked microstructure leads to inhomogeneity in the disposition of voids. Swelling at 600°C is greater than at 500°C; the voids are less numerous but larger at the higher temperature. No change in the cold-worked microstructure can be detected by transmission electron microscopy after 500°C irradiation to 23 displacements per atom. Irradiation to a comparable damage level at 600°C results in almost complete elimination of the cold-worked microstructure. Comparison of the results is made with data from reactor irradiation experiments.
Download or read book Void Formation in Cold worked Type 316 Stainless Steel Irradiated with 1 MeV Protons written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dependence of Void Formation on Phase Stability in Neutron Irradiated Type 316 Stainless Steel written by HR. Brager and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The void swelling rate in Type 316 steel is dominated by the instantaneous composition of the austenite matrix rather than by the concurrent nature of the dislocation and void microstructure alone. This is the conclusion derived from a series of neutron-irradiation experiments designed to determine which microstructural components account for the variability of void development observed in this alloy in response to changes in composition, preirradiation treatment, and irradiation history. The attainment of steady-state swelling is thought to be related to the development of a saturation microstructure of precipitates and dislocations. The existence of a saturation state for dislocation microstructure has been confirmed, but this condition is reached at fluences substantially below the onset of steady-state swelling. Relative to a solution-annealed treatment, 20 percent cold working accelerates the approach to saturation of the dislocation microstructure; thus the delay of swelling by cold work cannot be rationalized simply in terms of the time or fluence dependence of dislocation density.
Download or read book Irradiation Effects on Structural Alloys for Nuclear Reactor Applications written by A. L. Bement and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1971 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Void Formation in Stainless Steel During Charged Particle Irradiation at Elevated Temperatures written by R.S. Nelson and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of IVa and Va Elements on Void Formation in Neutron Irradiated 316 Stainless Steels written by S. Yamashita and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a previous electron irradiation study it was shown that additions of elements from the IVa and Va columns of the periodic table to 316L stainless steel could have a pronounced effect on its swelling resistance. The results suggested that vacancy binding was the main operative mechanism, increasing in strength with increasing size factor. In the current experiment these same alloys were irradiated with fast neutrons, but the influence of the size factor does not appear to be the only important mechanism. Whereas essentially precipitation was limited during electron irradiation, substantial precipitation occurred during neutron irradiation at lower displacement rates, overshadowing the effect of size factor on swelling. The addition of Hf and especially Zr, however, was particularly effective in suppressing swelling in both the electron and neutron cases, although the suppression mechanism in the neutron case appears to be a combination of both size effect and precipitation to alter the sink structure.
Download or read book Solute Segregation and Void Formation on Grain Boundaries in Electron Irradiated Type 316 Stainless Steel written by S. Ohnuki and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation-induced segregation and void formation on grain boundaries in titanium-modified Type 316 stainless steel were investigated by electron irradiation and X-ray microanalysis (EDX). Strong enrichment and depletion of solutes were observed on grain boundaries during irradiation. Moreover, preferential void formation on grain boundaries occurred and grain boundary migration was induced by the irradiation. These facts indicate that grain boundaries act as preferential sinks for radiation-induced point defects, and the sink behavior may be changed by the development of the segregation under irradiation.
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Substructure and Mechanical Properties of Metals and Alloys written by and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1973 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Void Formation in an Ion Bombarded Cold Worked Stainless Steel written by JL. Brimhall and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The void microstructure produced in a cold-worked Type 316 stainless steel by 5-MeV Ni++ ion bombardment has been studied. Within the temperature range 525 to 730°C, the void swelling shows a maximum at ~620°C. However, void formation extends to a temperature of 800°C. The results are consistent with those from neutron irradiation studies where the temperature shift is considered. The void swelling is dependent on (dose)mwhere m is in the range 2.5 to 3.3. A maximum swelling of 6 percent at 585°C and 125 displacements per atom were calculated. No saturation in the swelling was observed. Precipitates had a marked effect on the void distribution. The results agree reasonably well with results of similar studies using heavy ion bombardment.
Download or read book Proton Range and Energy in Irradiated Type 316 Stainless Steel written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cross-section transmission-electron-microscope foils of Type 316 stainless steel were used to determine the depth to which voids are formed during proton irradiation at energies between 0.75 and 1.05 MeV. These void depths, which can be determined with an accuracy of plus or minus 5%, were found to exceed by a rather large amount (~10/sup -4/ cm) the results from range-energy data tables prepared specifically for stainless steel. Experimental and microstructural features which could lead to this apparent discrepancy are discussed. It is concluded that the depth to which voids are formed gives a good measure of the proton range at a particular energy. Values of calculated proton energy vs penetration which best agree with the experimental depth data are presented. (auth).
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
