Download or read book Vocational Interest Development in Adolescence Integrating Insights about Normative Change Stability and Influencing Factors written by Thomas Gfrörer and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vocational interests are significant predictors for various life outcomes, educational decisions, and occupational choices. They are frequently assessed in practice through the application of interest inventories and used by vocational counselors to guide career-related decisions of students and jobseekers. In research, vocational interests are seen as relatively stable dispositions that develop over multiple years. Due to their stability and their impact on people's everyday life's, vocational interests are often included in models of individual differences. It is assumed that they describe patterns of persons general motives that are part of their personality. Theories about vocational interests suggest that they begin to develop over the course of adolescence--stability is assumed to increase and changes in interest intensity are expected. However, more empirical evidence is needed as current studies mainly focus on the description of vocational interest development in later life phases, such as the transition from late adolescence to young adulthood. Empirical studies that capture early life phases of development, such as the time period of late childhood and early adolescence (ages 11 to 14), are scarce. In addition, relatively little is known about possible factors that might influence the development of vocational interests. It is suggested that differences in personality characteristics and external factors could lead to differences in developmental trajectories. The aim of the current dissertation was to do a comprehensive investigation of the development of vocational interests over the course of adolescence (ages 11 to 18). The development of interest stability, intensity, and gender differences was investigated. It was assumed that vocational interests increase in their stability over the course of adolescence (ages 11 to 18). Interest intensity was assumed to decrease from late childhood to early adolescence (ages 11 to 14) and to increase from middle to late adolescence (ages 15 to 18). Gender differences in vocational interests were assumed to increase from late childhood to early adolescence (ages 11 to 14) and being relatively stable afterwards. Besides these overall aims, the three studies included in the current dissertation focused on individual and contextual factors that could influence the development of vocational interests. It was assumed that personality characteristics are associated to vocational interest profile stability and that the engagement in leisure-related activities could influence the development of vocational interests. In all studies, vocational interests were measured based on Hollands (1997) RIASEC model. The first study investigated the development of vocational interests over the course of adolescence. Besides examining mean-level change, gender differences in mean levels, and re-test correlations of vocational interests, the study focused on dispositional and situational components of vocational interests. The investigation was inspired by recent theories, which assumed that vocational interests are dispositions that also consist of situation susceptible components. Data was used from a large-scale longitudinal sample (N = 3,876), where students from low and middle track schools in Germany were annually followed from fifth to eight grade (mean ages 11 to 14). The results suggest that vocational interests became more stable over the three-year period, as indicated by increases in re-test correlations for four of six interest dimensions. In addition, mean levels of vocational interests decreased descriptively from late childhood to early adolescence for all interest dimensions, except Social interests. Gender differences in mean levels were already large in terms of effect sizes around age 11 and further increased over time for all interest dimensions, except Artistic interests. Results from latent state-trait analysis suggest that vocational interests consist of both, stable and situation susceptible components. However, the proportion of the stable components increased over time. The second study investigated the profile stability of vocational interests and its relation to personality traits, cognitive abilities, and gender. It was proposed that differences in individual characteristics could lead to differences in profile stability. The study investigated the research question in four different life phases: late childhood to early adolescence (ages 11 to 14), middle adolescence (ages 14 to 15), late adolescence to young adulthood (ages 17 to 23), and a longer time period over the course of young adulthood (ages 22 to 34). Data was used from four, previously conducted, large-scale longitudinal studies. Each life phase was consequently covered by a different sample from a different study. All the samples included students that lived in Germany. The results suggest that vocational interest profiles were moderately stable during the three-year time period from late childhood to early adolescence (ages 11 to 14) and highly stable during the one-year time period during middle adolescence (ages 14 to 15), the six-year time period from late adolescence to young adulthood (ages 17 to 23), and the twelve-year time period over the course of young adulthood (ages 22 to 34). Indicators of profile stability significantly varied between persons in each of the four life phases, suggesting that profile stability differed across participants. Gender was related to differences in profile stability in all life phases, with girls and women having significantly more stable profiles compared to boys and men. Associations of profile stability to personality traits and cognitive abilities were rather small. Consistent relationships were found for verbal cognitive abilities and the personality trait Extraversion, with higher scores being related to more stable vocational interest profiles. The third study investigated the impact of engaging in unstructured out-of-school time science activities, such as reading a science book, watching a science TV show, or researching on the internet about science, on the development of various constructs, including vocational interests. In line with theories about interest development, it was assumed that the engagement in unstructured out-of-school time science activities could foster the evolvement of vocational interests, as they possess advantageous properties for the initiation of situational interest. Data was used from a large-scale longitudinal sample (N = 2,655), where students from different school tracks in Germany were followed over three time points from ninth, eleventh to twelfth grade (mean ages 15, 17, and 18). Based on an outcome-wide longitudinal design for causal inference, the impact of unstructured out-of-school time science activities on the development of vocational interests was investigated. To account for self-selection effects, numerous confounder variables, such as pretests of vocational interests, other motivational variables, and ability-related constructs, were included in the analysis. The results suggest that the engagement in unstructured out-of-school time science activities had a robust influence on Investigative vocational interests, but not on the remaining interest dimensions. The findings on interest stability, intensity, and gender differences over the course of adolescence (ages 11 to 18) were integrated from the three empirical studies. The findings suggest that stability of vocational interests increased over the course of adolescence. Interest intensity decreased from late childhood to early adolescence and increased from middle to late adolescence, as shown by changes in mean levels. Gender differences increased over the course of late childhood and early adolescence, as indicated by increasing mean levels between girls and boys. Deviations from the proposed general trends in interest stability, intensity, and gender differentiation are described in the general discussion. Findings of the three empirical studies are summarized and discussed regarding their implications for vocational interest development. It is proposed that experiencing activities can initiate the development of vocational interests over the course of adolescence. Practical implications, limitations, and an outlook for future research are provided at the end of the general discussion section.

Download or read book Vocational Interest Development in Adolescence Integrating Insights about Normative Change Stability and Influencing Factors written by Thomas Gfrörer and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vocational interests are significant predictors for various life outcomes, educational decisions, and occupational choices. They are frequently assessed in practice through the application of interest inventories and used by vocational counselors to guide career-related decisions of students and jobseekers. In research, vocational interests are seen as relatively stable dispositions that develop over multiple years. Due to their stability and their impact on people's everyday life's, vocational interests are often included in models of individual differences. It is assumed that they describe patterns of persons general motives that are part of their personality. Theories about vocational interests suggest that they begin to develop over the course of adolescence--stability is assumed to increase and changes in interest intensity are expected. However, more empirical evidence is needed as current studies mainly focus on the description of vocational interest development in later life phases, such as the transition from late adolescence to young adulthood. Empirical studies that capture early life phases of development, such as the time period of late childhood and early adolescence (ages 11 to 14), are scarce. In addition, relatively little is known about possible factors that might influence the development of vocational interests. It is suggested that differences in personality characteristics and external factors could lead to differences in developmental trajectories. The aim of the current dissertation was to do a comprehensive investigation of the development of vocational interests over the course of adolescence (ages 11 to 18). The development of interest stability, intensity, and gender differences was investigated. It was assumed that vocational interests increase in their stability over the course of adolescence (ages 11 to 18). Interest intensity was assumed to decrease from late childhood to early adolescence (ages 11 to 14) and to increase from middle to late adolescence (ages 15 to 18). Gender differences in vocational interests were assumed to increase from late childhood to early adolescence (ages 11 to 14) and being relatively stable afterwards. Besides these overall aims, the three studies included in the current dissertation focused on individual and contextual factors that could influence the development of vocational interests. It was assumed that personality characteristics are associated to vocational interest profile stability and that the engagement in leisure-related activities could influence the development of vocational interests. In all studies, vocational interests were measured based on Hollands (1997) RIASEC model. The first study investigated the development of vocational interests over the course of adolescence. Besides examining mean-level change, gender differences in mean levels, and re-test correlations of vocational interests, the study focused on dispositional and situational components of vocational interests. The investigation was inspired by recent theories, which assumed that vocational interests are dispositions that also consist of situation susceptible components. Data was used from a large-scale longitudinal sample (N = 3,876), where students from low and middle track schools in Germany were annually followed from fifth to eight grade (mean ages 11 to 14). The results suggest that vocational interests became more stable over the three-year period, as indicated by increases in re-test correlations for four of six interest dimensions. In addition, mean levels of vocational interests decreased descriptively from late childhood to early adolescence for all interest dimensions, except Social interests. Gender differences in mean levels were already large in terms of effect sizes around age 11 and further increased over time for all interest dimensions, except Artistic interests. Results from latent state-trait analysis suggest that vocational interests consist of both, stable and situation susceptible components. However, the proportion of the stable components increased over time. The second study investigated the profile stability of vocational interests and its relation to personality traits, cognitive abilities, and gender. It was proposed that differences in individual characteristics could lead to differences in profile stability. The study investigated the research question in four different life phases: late childhood to early adolescence (ages 11 to 14), middle adolescence (ages 14 to 15), late adolescence to young adulthood (ages 17 to 23), and a longer time period over the course of young adulthood (ages 22 to 34). Data was used from four, previously conducted, large-scale longitudinal studies. Each life phase was consequently covered by a different sample from a different study. All the samples included students that lived in Germany. The results suggest that vocational interest profiles were moderately stable during the three-year time period from late childhood to early adolescence (ages 11 to 14) and highly stable during the one-year time period during middle adolescence (ages 14 to 15), the six-year time period from late adolescence to young adulthood (ages 17 to 23), and the twelve-year time period over the course of young adulthood (ages 22 to 34). Indicators of profile stability significantly varied between persons in each of the four life phases, suggesting that profile stability differed across participants. Gender was related to differences in profile stability in all life phases, with girls and women having significantly more stable profiles compared to boys and men. Associations of profile stability to personality traits and cognitive abilities were rather small. Consistent relationships were found for verbal cognitive abilities and the personality trait Extraversion, with higher scores being related to more stable vocational interest profiles. The third study investigated the impact of engaging in unstructured out-of-school time science activities, such as reading a science book, watching a science TV show, or researching on the internet about science, on the development of various constructs, including vocational interests. In line with theories about interest development, it was assumed that the engagement in unstructured out-of-school time science activities could foster the evolvement of vocational interests, as they possess advantageous properties for the initiation of situational interest. Data was used from a large-scale longitudinal sample (N = 2,655), where students from different school tracks in Germany were followed over three time points from ninth, eleventh to twelfth grade (mean ages 15, 17, and 18). Based on an outcome-wide longitudinal design for causal inference, the impact of unstructured out-of-school time science activities on the development of vocational interests was investigated. To account for self-selection effects, numerous confounder variables, such as pretests of vocational interests, other motivational variables, and ability-related constructs, were included in the analysis. The results suggest that the engagement in unstructured out-of-school time science activities had a robust influence on Investigative vocational interests, but not on the remaining interest dimensions. The findings on interest stability, intensity, and gender differences over the course of adolescence (ages 11 to 18) were integrated from the three empirical studies. The findings suggest that stability of vocational interests increased over the course of adolescence. Interest intensity decreased from late childhood to early adolescence and increased from middle to late adolescence, as shown by changes in mean levels. Gender differences increased over the course of late childhood and early adolescence, as indicated by increasing mean levels between girls and boys. Deviations from the proposed general trends in interest stability, intensity, and gender differentiation are described in the general discussion. Findings of the three empirical studies are summarized and discussed regarding their implications for vocational interest development. It is proposed that experiencing activities can initiate the development of vocational interests over the course of adolescence. Practical implications, limitations, and an outlook for future research are provided at the end of the general discussion section.

Download or read book The Promise of Adolescence written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.

Download or read book Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood written by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helps students understand how culture impacts development in adolescence and emerging adulthood. Grounded in a global cultural perspective (within and outside of the US), this text enriches the discussion with historical context and an interdisciplinary approach, including studies from fields such as anthropology and sociology, in addition to the compelling psychological research on adolescent development. This book also takes into account the period of "emerging adulthood" (ages 18-25), a term coined by the author, and an area of study for which Arnett is a leading expert. Arnett continues the fifth edition with new and updated studies, both U.S. and international. With Pearson's MyDevelopmentLab Video Series and Powerpoints embedded with video, students can experience a true cross-cultural experience. A better teaching and learning experience This program will provide a better teaching and learning experience-- for you and your students. Here's how: Personalize Learning - The new MyDevelopmentLab delivers proven results in helping students succeed, provides engaging experiences that personalize learning, and comes from a trusted partner with educational expertise and a deep commitment to helping students and instructors achieve their goals. Improve Critical Thinking - Students learn to think critically about the influence of culture on development with pedagogical features such as Culture Focus boxes and Historical Focus boxes. Engage Students - Arnett engages students with cross cultural research and examples throughout. MyVirtualTeen, an interactive simulation, allows students to apply the concepts they are learning to their own "virtual teen." Explore Research - "Research Focus" provides students with a firm grasp of various research methods and helps them see the impact that methods can have on research findings. Support Instructors - This program provides instructors with unbeatable resources, including video embedded PowerPoints and the new MyDevelopmentLab that includes cross-cultural videos and MyVirtualTeen, an interactive simulation that allows you to raise a child from birth to age 18. An easy to use Instructor's Manual, a robust test bank, and an online test generator (MyTest) are also available. All of these materials may be packaged with the text upon request. Note: MyDevelopmentLab does not come automatically packaged with this text. To purchase MyDevelopmentLab, please visit: www.mydevelopmentlab.com or you can purchase a ValuePack of the text + MyDevelopmentlab (at no additional cost): ValuePack ISBN-10: 0205911854/ ValuePack ISBN-13: 9780205911851. Click here for a short walkthrough video on MyVirtualTeen! http://www.youtube.com/playlist'list=PL51B144F17A36FF25&feature=plcp

Download or read book Reforming Juvenile Justice written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescence is a distinct, yet transient, period of development between childhood and adulthood characterized by increased experimentation and risk-taking, a tendency to discount long-term consequences, and heightened sensitivity to peers and other social influences. A key function of adolescence is developing an integrated sense of self, including individualization, separation from parents, and personal identity. Experimentation and novelty-seeking behavior, such as alcohol and drug use, unsafe sex, and reckless driving, are thought to serve a number of adaptive functions despite their risks. Research indicates that for most youth, the period of risky experimentation does not extend beyond adolescence, ceasing as identity becomes settled with maturity. Much adolescent involvement in criminal activity is part of the normal developmental process of identity formation and most adolescents will mature out of these tendencies. Evidence of significant changes in brain structure and function during adolescence strongly suggests that these cognitive tendencies characteristic of adolescents are associated with biological immaturity of the brain and with an imbalance among developing brain systems. This imbalance model implies dual systems: one involved in cognitive and behavioral control and one involved in socio-emotional processes. Accordingly adolescents lack mature capacity for self-regulations because the brain system that influences pleasure-seeking and emotional reactivity develops more rapidly than the brain system that supports self-control. This knowledge of adolescent development has underscored important differences between adults and adolescents with direct bearing on the design and operation of the justice system, raising doubts about the core assumptions driving the criminalization of juvenile justice policy in the late decades of the 20th century. It was in this context that the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) asked the National Research Council to convene a committee to conduct a study of juvenile justice reform. The goal of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach was to review recent advances in behavioral and neuroscience research and draw out the implications of this knowledge for juvenile justice reform, to assess the new generation of reform activities occurring in the United States, and to assess the performance of OJJDP in carrying out its statutory mission as well as its potential role in supporting scientifically based reform efforts.

Download or read book Research in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Life Course Health Development written by Neal Halfon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-20 with total page 667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. ​This handbook synthesizes and analyzes the growing knowledge base on life course health development (LCHD) from the prenatal period through emerging adulthood, with implications for clinical practice and public health. It presents LCHD as an innovative field with a sound theoretical framework for understanding wellness and disease from a lifespan perspective, replacing previous medical, biopsychosocial, and early genomic models of health. Interdisciplinary chapters discuss major health concerns (diabetes, obesity), important less-studied conditions (hearing, kidney health), and large-scale issues (nutrition, adversity) from a lifespan viewpoint. In addition, chapters address methodological approaches and challenges by analyzing existing measures, studies, and surveys. The book concludes with the editors’ research agenda that proposes priorities for future LCHD research and its application to health care practice and health policy. Topics featured in the Handbook include: The prenatal period and its effect on child obesity and metabolic outcomes. Pregnancy complications and their effect on women’s cardiovascular health. A multi-level approach for obesity prevention in children. Application of the LCHD framework to autism spectrum disorder. Socioeconomic disadvantage and its influence on health development across the lifespan. The importance of nutrition to optimal health development across the lifespan. The Handbook of Life Course Health Development is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians/professionals, and graduate students in developmental psychology/science; maternal and child health; social work; health economics; educational policy and politics; and medical law as well as many interrelated subdisciplines in psychology, medicine, public health, mental health, education, social welfare, economics, sociology, and law.

Download or read book Parenting Matters written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.

Download or read book Psychosocial Development in Adolescence written by E. Saskia Kunnen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-25 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over recent years, it has become clear that group-based approaches cannot directly be used to understand individual adolescent development. For that reason, interest in dynamic systems theory, or DST, has increased rapidly. Psychosocial Development in Adolescence: Insights from the Dynamic Systems Approach covers state-of-the-art insights into adolescent development that have resulted from adopting a dynamic systems approach. The first chapter of the book provides a basic introduction into dynamic systems principles and explains their consequences for the study of psychosocial development in adolescence. Subsequently, different experts discuss why and how we should apply a dynamic systems approach to the study of the adolescent transition period and psychological interventions. Various examples of the application of a dynamic systems approach are showcased, ranging from basic to more advanced techniques, as well as the insights they have generated. These applications cover a variety of fundamental topics in adolescent development, ranging from the development of identity, morality, sexuality, and peer networks, to more applied topics such as psychological interventions, educational dropout, and talent development. This book will be invaluable to both beginner and expert-level students and researchers interested in a dynamic systems approach and in the insights that it has yielded for adolescent development.

Download or read book Risks and Opportunities written by National Research Council and Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-11-16 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report constitutes one of the first activities of the Forum on Adolescence, a cross-cutting activity of the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council of the National Academies. Established under the auspices of the Board on Children, Youth, and Families, the forum's overaching mission is to synthesize, analyze, and evaluate scientific research on critical national issues that relate to youth and their families, as well as to disseminate research and its policy and programmatic implications. The goals of the forum are to: (1) review and establish the science base on adolescent health and development and make efforts to foster this development; (2) identify new directions and support for research in this area, approaching research as a resource to be developed cumulatively over time; (3) showcase new research, programs, and policies that have demonstrated promise in improving the health and well-being of adolescents; (4) convene and foster collaborations among individuals who represent diverse viewpoints and backgrounds, with a view to enhancing the quality of leadership in this area; and (5) disseminate research on adolescence and its policy implications to a wide array of audiences, from the scientific community to the lay public.

Download or read book Issues in Career Development written by Donald Thompson and published by IAP. This book was released on 2005-11-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume will examine the historical emergence of the concept of career including early ideas about the meaning and role of work and how it fits with life. The concept of career development is of relatively recent origin. It was not until the early 20th Century that serious attention was given to the role of work and career as it applied to the common man. While the concept of “vocation” has historical roots that date back centuries, vocation (or calling) was typically only applied to the professions of the clergy, law and medicine. These individuals had careers, while the common man had a job. Perhaps the most significant event that changed both the labor market and the associated socio-cultural values about work was the 2nd World War. The technological advances that were brought about by the war were profound in terms of changing the nature of work, and the war brought about a significant change in the gender makeup of our labor force as millions of women entered the labor market to support the war effort. The combined effects of technology, a radical new value system, and a burgeoning economy changed everything.

Download or read book Investing in the Health and Well Being of Young Adults written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-01-27 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young adulthood - ages approximately 18 to 26 - is a critical period of development with long-lasting implications for a person's economic security, health and well-being. Young adults are key contributors to the nation's workforce and military services and, since many are parents, to the healthy development of the next generation. Although 'millennials' have received attention in the popular media in recent years, young adults are too rarely treated as a distinct population in policy, programs, and research. Instead, they are often grouped with adolescents or, more often, with all adults. Currently, the nation is experiencing economic restructuring, widening inequality, a rapidly rising ratio of older adults, and an increasingly diverse population. The possible transformative effects of these features make focus on young adults especially important. A systematic approach to understanding and responding to the unique circumstances and needs of today's young adults can help to pave the way to a more productive and equitable tomorrow for young adults in particular and our society at large. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults describes what is meant by the term young adulthood, who young adults are, what they are doing, and what they need. This study recommends actions that nonprofit programs and federal, state, and local agencies can take to help young adults make a successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. According to this report, young adults should be considered as a separate group from adolescents and older adults. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults makes the case that increased efforts to improve high school and college graduate rates and education and workforce development systems that are more closely tied to high-demand economic sectors will help this age group achieve greater opportunity and success. The report also discusses the health status of young adults and makes recommendations to develop evidence-based practices for young adults for medical and behavioral health, including preventions. What happens during the young adult years has profound implications for the rest of the life course, and the stability and progress of society at large depends on how any cohort of young adults fares as a whole. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults will provide a roadmap to improving outcomes for this age group as they transition from adolescence to adulthood.

Download or read book Community Programs to Promote Youth Development written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-02-12 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After-school programs, scout groups, community service activities, religious youth groups, and other community-based activities have long been thought to play a key role in the lives of adolescents. But what do we know about the role of such programs for today's adolescents? How can we ensure that programs are designed to successfully meet young people's developmental needs and help them become healthy, happy, and productive adults? Community Programs to Promote Youth Development explores these questions, focusing on essential elements of adolescent well-being and healthy development. It offers recommendations for policy, practice, and research to ensure that programs are well designed to meet young people's developmental needs. The book also discusses the features of programs that can contribute to a successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. It examines what we know about the current landscape of youth development programs for America's youth, as well as how these programs are meeting their diverse needs. Recognizing the importance of adolescence as a period of transition to adulthood, Community Programs to Promote Youth Development offers authoritative guidance to policy makers, practitioners, researchers, and other key stakeholders on the role of youth development programs to promote the healthy development and well-being of the nation's youth.

Download or read book Juvenile Crime Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.

Download or read book Plugged in written by Patti M. Valkenburg and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-01 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Youth and Media -- 2 Then and Now -- 3 Themes and Theoretical Perspectives -- 4 Infants, Toddlers, and Preschoolers -- 5 Children -- 6 Adolescents -- 7 Media and Violence -- 8 Media and Emotions -- 9 Advertising and Commercialism -- 10 Media and Sex -- 11 Media and Education -- 12 Digital Games -- 13 Social Media -- 14 Media and Parenting -- 15 The End -- Notes -- Acknowledgments -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- Z

Download or read book Career Development and Counseling written by Steven D. Brown and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This is a must-have for any researcher in vocational psychology or career counseling, or anyone who wishes to understand the empirical underpinnings of the practice of career counseling." -Mark Pope, EdD College of Education, University of Missouri - St. Louis past president of the American Counseling Association Today's career development professional must choose from a wide array of theories and practices in order to provide services for a diverse range of clients. Career Development and Counseling: Putting Theory and Research to Work focuses on scientifically based career theories and practices, including those derived from research in other disciplines. Driven by the latest empirical and practical evidence, this text offers the most in-depth, far-reaching, and comprehensive career development and counseling resource available. Career Development and Counseling includes coverage of: Major theories of career development, choice, and adjustment Informative research on occupational aspirations, job search success, job satisfaction, work performance, career development with people of color, and women's career development Assessment of interests, needs and values, ability, and other important constructs Occupational classification and sources of occupational information Counseling for school-aged youth, diverse populations, choice-making, choice implementation, work adjustment, and retirement Special needs and applications including those for at-risk, intellectually talented, and work-bound youth; people with disabilities; and individuals dealing with job loss, reentry, and career transitions Edited by two of the leading figures in career development, and featuring contributions by many of the most well-regarded specialists in the field, Career Development and Counseling: Putting Theory and Research to Work is the one book that every career counselor, vocational psychologist, and serious student of career development must have.

Download or read book Career Development in Childhood and Adolescence written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, the first book dedicated to career development of children and adolescents, provides a broad and comprehensive overview of the current knowledge about the key career processes that take place in this age group.