Download or read book VLSI Fault Modeling and Testing Techniques written by George W. Zobrist and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1993 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: VLSI systems are becoming very complex and difficult to test. Traditional stuck-at fault problems may be inadequate to model possible manufacturing defects in the integrated ciruit. Hierarchial models are needed that are easy to use at the transistor and functional levels. Stuck-open faults present severe testing problems in CMOS circuits, to overcome testing problems testable designs are utilized. Bridging faults are important due to the shrinking geometry of ICs. BIST PLA schemes have common features-controllability and observability - which are enhanced through additional logic and test points. Certain circuit topologies are more easily testable than others. The amount of reconvergent fan-out is a critical factor in determining realistic measures for determining test generation difficulty. Test implementation is usually left until after the VLSI data path has been synthesized into a structural description. This leads to investigation methodologies for performing design synthesis with test incorporation. These topics and more are discussed.

Download or read book Delay Fault Testing for VLSI Circuits written by Angela Krstic and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early days of digital design, we were concerned with the logical correctness of circuits. We knew that if we slowed down the clock signal sufficiently, the circuit would function correctly. With improvements in the semiconductor process technology, our expectations on speed have soared. A frequently asked question in the last decade has been how fast can the clock run. This puts significant demands on timing analysis and delay testing. Fueled by the above events, a tremendous growth has occurred in the research on delay testing. Recent work includes fault models, algorithms for test generation and fault simulation, and methods for design and synthesis for testability. The authors of this book, Angela Krstic and Tim Cheng, have personally contributed to this research. Now they do an even greater service to the profession by collecting the work of a large number of researchers. In addition to expounding such a great deal of information, they have delivered it with utmost clarity. To further the reader's understanding many key concepts are illustrated by simple examples. The basic ideas of delay testing have reached a level of maturity that makes them suitable for practice. In that sense, this book is the best x DELAY FAULT TESTING FOR VLSI CIRCUITS available guide for an engineer designing or testing VLSI systems. Tech niques for path delay testing and for use of slower test equipment to test high-speed circuits are of particular interest.

Download or read book Introduction to IDDQ Testing written by S. Chakravarty and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Testing techniques for VLSI circuits are undergoing many exciting changes. The predominant method for testing digital circuits consists of applying a set of input stimuli to the IC and monitoring the logic levels at primary outputs. If, for one or more inputs, there is a discrepancy between the observed output and the expected output then the IC is declared to be defective. A new approach to testing digital circuits, which has come to be known as IDDQ testing, has been actively researched for the last fifteen years. In IDDQ testing, the steady state supply current, rather than the logic levels at the primary outputs, is monitored. Years of research suggests that IDDQ testing can significantly improve the quality and reliability of fabricated circuits. This has prompted many semiconductor manufacturers to adopt this testing technique, among them Philips Semiconductors, Ford Microelectronics, Intel, Texas Instruments, LSI Logic, Hewlett-Packard, SUN microsystems, Alcatel, and SGS Thomson. This increase in the use of IDDQ testing should be of interest to three groups of individuals associated with the IC business: Product Managers and Test Engineers, CAD Tool Vendors and Circuit Designers. Introduction to IDDQ Testing is designed to educate this community. The authors have summarized in one volume the main findings of more than fifteen years of research in this area.

Download or read book Hierarchical Modeling for VLSI Circuit Testing written by Debashis Bhattacharya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Test generation is one of the most difficult tasks facing the designer of complex VLSI-based digital systems. Much of this difficulty is attributable to the almost universal use in testing of low, gate-level circuit and fault models that predate integrated circuit technology. It is long been recognized that the testing prob lem can be alleviated by the use of higher-level methods in which multigate modules or cells are the primitive components in test generation; however, the development of such methods has proceeded very slowly. To be acceptable, high-level approaches should be applicable to most types of digital circuits, and should provide fault coverage comparable to that of traditional, low-level methods. The fault coverage problem has, perhaps, been the most intractable, due to continued reliance in the testing industry on the single stuck-line (SSL) fault model, which is tightly bound to the gate level of abstraction. This monograph presents a novel approach to solving the foregoing problem. It is based on the systematic use of multibit vectors rather than single bits to represent logic signals, including fault signals. A circuit is viewed as a collection of high-level components such as adders, multiplexers, and registers, interconnected by n-bit buses. To match this high-level circuit model, we introduce a high-level bus fault that, in effect, replaces a large number of SSL faults and allows them to be tested in parallel. However, by reducing the bus size from n to one, we can obtain the traditional gate-level circuit and models.

Download or read book VLSI Testing written by T. W. Williams and published by North Holland. This book was released on 1986 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the spectrum of the testing problem. Areas covered include fault modeling, test generation, fault simulation, memory testing, design for testability, testability measures, PLA testing, and test equipment. The use of this volume will provide a good insight into the VLSI challenges in the area of testing - an area that has become increasingly important due to the emphasis on quality of VLSI products, and the associated costs. As a result, there has been a rapid expansion in the technologies associated with testing, and it is this technological growth which is reflected in the contributions to this volume.

Download or read book Test Generation of Crosstalk Delay Faults in VLSI Circuits written by S. Jayanthy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a variety of test generation algorithms for testing crosstalk delay faults in VLSI circuits. It introduces readers to the various crosstalk effects and describes both deterministic and simulation-based methods for testing crosstalk delay faults. The book begins with a focus on currently available crosstalk delay models, test generation algorithms for delay faults and crosstalk delay faults, before moving on to deterministic algorithms and simulation-based algorithms used to test crosstalk delay faults. Given its depth of coverage, the book will be of interest to design engineers and researchers in the field of VLSI Testing.

Download or read book Machine Learning and Intelligent Communications written by Xuemai Gu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-20 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two volume set constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the Second International Conference on Machine Learning and Intelligent Communications, MLICOM 2017, held in Weihai, China, in August 2017. The 143 revised full papers were carefully selected from 225 submissions. The papers are organized thematically in machine learning, intelligent positioning and navigation, intelligent multimedia processing and security, intelligent wireless mobile network and security, cognitive radio and intelligent networking, intelligent internet of things, intelligent satellite communications and networking, intelligent remote sensing, visual computing and three-dimensional modeling, green communication and intelligent networking, intelligent ad-hoc and sensor networks, intelligent resource allocation in wireless and cloud networks, intelligent signal processing in wireless and optical communications, intelligent radar signal processing, intelligent cooperative communications and networking.

Download or read book VLSI Test Principles and Architectures written by Laung-Terng Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-08-14 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive guide to new DFT methods that will show the readers how to design a testable and quality product, drive down test cost, improve product quality and yield, and speed up time-to-market and time-to-volume. Most up-to-date coverage of design for testability. Coverage of industry practices commonly found in commercial DFT tools but not discussed in other books. Numerous, practical examples in each chapter illustrating basic VLSI test principles and DFT architectures.

Download or read book Assessing Fault Model and Test Quality written by Kenneth M. Butler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years, the dominant fault model in automatic test pattern gen eration (ATPG) for digital integrated circuits has been the stuck-at fault model. The static nature of stuck-at fault testing when compared to the extremely dynamic nature of integrated circuit (IC) technology has caused many to question whether or not stuck-at fault based testing is still viable. Attempts at answering this question have not been wholly satisfying due to a lack of true quantification, statistical significance, and/or high computational expense. In this monograph we introduce a methodology to address the ques tion in a manner which circumvents the drawbacks of previous approaches. The method is based on symbolic Boolean functional analyses using Or dered Binary Decision Diagrams (OBDDs). OBDDs have been conjectured to be an attractive representation form for Boolean functions, although cases ex ist for which their complexity is guaranteed to grow exponentially with input cardinality. Classes of Boolean functions which exploit the efficiencies inherent in OBDDs to a very great extent are examined in Chapter 7. Exact equa tions giving their OBDD sizes are derived, whereas until very recently only size bounds have been available. These size equations suggest that straight forward applications of OBDDs to design and test related problems may not prove as fruitful as was once thought.

Download or read book Microfluidic Very Large Scale Integration VLSI written by Paul Pop and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-08 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the state-of-the-art techniques for the modeling, simulation, testing, compilation and physical synthesis of mVLSI biochips. The authors describe a top-down modeling and synthesis methodology for the mVLSI biochips, inspired by microelectronics VLSI methodologies. They introduce a modeling framework for the components and the biochip architecture, and a high-level microfluidic protocol language. Coverage includes a topology graph-based model for the biochip architecture, and a sequencing graph to model for biochemical application, showing how the application model can be obtained from the protocol language. The techniques described facilitate programmability and automation, enabling developers in the emerging, large biochip market.

Download or read book Advanced Simulation and Test Methodologies for VLSI Design written by G. Russell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1989-02-28 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book IDDQ Testing of VLSI Circuits written by Ravi K. Gulati and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Power supply current monitoring to detect CMOS IC defects during production testing quietly laid down its roots in the mid-1970s. Both Sandia Labs and RCA in the United States and Philips Labs in the Netherlands practiced this procedure on their CMOS ICs. At that time, this practice stemmed simply from an intuitive sense that CMOS ICs showing abnormal quiescent power supply current (IDDQ) contained defects. Later, this intuition was supported by data and analysis in the 1980s by Levi (RACD, Malaiya and Su (SUNY-Binghamton), Soden and Hawkins (Sandia Labs and the University of New Mexico), Jacomino and co-workers (Laboratoire d'Automatique de Grenoble), and Maly and co-workers (Carnegie Mellon University). Interest in IDDQ testing has advanced beyond the data reported in the 1980s and is now focused on applications and evaluations involving larger volumes of ICs that improve quality beyond what can be achieved by previous conventional means. In the conventional style of testing one attempts to propagate the logic states of the suspended nodes to primary outputs. This is done for all or most nodes of the circuit. For sequential circuits, in particular, the complexity of finding suitable tests is very high. In comparison, the IDDQ test does not observe the logic states, but measures the integrated current that leaks through all gates. In other words, it is like measuring a patient's temperature to determine the state of health. Despite perceived advantages, during the years that followed its initial announcements, skepticism about the practicality of IDDQ testing prevailed. The idea, however, provided a great opportunity to researchers. New results on test generation, fault simulation, design for testability, built-in self-test, and diagnosis for this style of testing have since been reported. After a decade of research, we are definitely closer to practice.

Download or read book Verification by Error Modeling written by Katarzyna Radecka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-17 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the basis for reusing the test vector generation and simulation for the purpose of implementation verification, to result in a significant timesaving. It brings the results in the direction of merging manufacturing test vector generation and verification.

Download or read book Digital Integrated Circuits written by Evgeni Perelroyzen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A current trend in digital design-the integration of the MATLAB® components Simulink® and Stateflow® for model building, simulations, system testing, and fault detection-allows for better control over the design flow process and, ultimately, for better system results. Digital Integrated Circuits: Design-for-Test Using Simulink® and Stateflow® illustrates the construction of Simulink models for digital project test benches in certain design-for-test fields. The first two chapters of the book describe the major tools used for design-for-test. The author explains the process of Simulink model building, presents the main library blocks of Simulink, and examines the development of finite-state machine modeling using Stateflow diagrams. Subsequent chapters provide examples of Simulink modeling and simulation for the latest design-for-test fields, including combinational and sequential circuits, controllability, and observability; deterministic algorithms; digital circuit dynamics; timing verification; built-in self-test (BIST) architecture; scan cell operations; and functional and diagnostic testing. The book also discusses the automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) process, the logical determinant theory, and joint test action group (JTAG) interface models. Digital Integrated Circuits explores the possibilities of MATLAB's tools in the development of application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) design systems. The book shows how to incorporate Simulink and Stateflow into the process of modern digital design.

Download or read book Architecture Design and Validation Methods written by Egon Börger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This state-of-the-art survey gives a systematic presentation of recent advances in the design and validation of computer architectures. The book covers a comprehensive range of architecture design and validation methods, from computer aided high-level design of VLSI circuits and systems to layout and testable design, including the modeling and synthesis of behavior and dataflow, cell-based logic optimization, machine assisted verification, and virtual machine design.

Download or read book Essentials of Electronic Testing for Digital Memory and Mixed Signal VLSI Circuits written by M. Bushnell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern electronic testing has a forty year history. Test professionals hold some fairly large conferences and numerous workshops, have a journal, and there are over one hundred books on testing. Still, a full course on testing is offered only at a few universities, mostly by professors who have a research interest in this area. Apparently, most professors would not have taken a course on electronic testing when they were students. Other than the computer engineering curriculum being too crowded, the major reason cited for the absence of a course on electronic testing is the lack of a suitable textbook. For VLSI the foundation was provided by semiconductor device techn- ogy, circuit design, and electronic testing. In a computer engineering curriculum, therefore, it is necessary that foundations should be taught before applications. The field of VLSI has expanded to systems-on-a-chip, which include digital, memory, and mixed-signalsubsystems. To our knowledge this is the first textbook to cover all three types of electronic circuits. We have written this textbook for an undergraduate “foundations” course on electronic testing. Obviously, it is too voluminous for a one-semester course and a teacher will have to select from the topics. We did not restrict such freedom because the selection may depend upon the individual expertise and interests. Besides, there is merit in having a larger book that will retain its usefulness for the owner even after the completion of the course. With equal tenacity, we address the needs of three other groups of readers.

Download or read book An Introduction to Logic Circuit Testing written by Parag K. Lala and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Logic Circuit Testing provides a detailed coverage of techniques for test generation and testable design of digital electronic circuits/systems. The material covered in the book should be sufficient for a course, or part of a course, in digital circuit testing for senior-level undergraduate and first-year graduate students in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. The book will also be a valuable resource for engineers working in the industry. This book has four chapters. Chapter 1 deals with various types of faults that may occur in very large scale integration (VLSI)-based digital circuits. Chapter 2 introduces the major concepts of all test generation techniques such as redundancy, fault coverage, sensitization, and backtracking. Chapter 3 introduces the key concepts of testability, followed by some ad hoc design-for-testability rules that can be used to enhance testability of combinational circuits. Chapter 4 deals with test generation and response evaluation techniques used in BIST (built-in self-test) schemes for VLSI chips. Table of Contents: Introduction / Fault Detection in Logic Circuits / Design for Testability / Built-in Self-Test / References