Download or read book VLSI compatible Implementations for Artificial Neural Networks microform written by Sied Mehdi Fakhraie and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 1995 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book VLSI Compatible Implementations for Artificial Neural Networks written by Sied Mehdi Fakhraie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces several state-of-the-art VLSI implementations of artificial neural networks (ANNs). It reviews various hardware approaches to ANN implementations: analog, digital and pulse-coded. The analog approach is emphasized as the main one taken in the later chapters of the book. The area of VLSI implementation of ANNs has been progressing for the last 15 years, but not at the fast pace originally predicted. Several reasons have contributed to the slow progress, with the main one being that VLSI implementation of ANNs is an interdisciplinaly area where only a few researchers, academics and graduate students are willing to venture. The work of Professors Fakhraie and Smith, presented in this book, is a welcome addition to the state-of-the-art and will greatly benefit researchers and students working in this area. Of particular value is the use of experimental results to backup extensive simulations and in-depth modeling. The introduction of a synapse-MOS device is novel. The book applies the concept to a number of applications and guides the reader through more possible applications for future work. I am confident that the book will benefit a potentially wide readership. M. I. Elmasry University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario Canada Preface Neural Networks (NNs), generally defined as parallel networks that employ a large number of simple processing elements to perform computation in a distributed fashion, have attracted a lot of attention in the past fifty years. As the result. many new discoveries have been made.

Download or read book VLSI for Neural Networks and Artificial Intelligence written by Jose G. Delgado-Frias and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural network and artificial intelligence algorithrns and computing have increased not only in complexity but also in the number of applications. This in turn has posed a tremendous need for a larger computational power that conventional scalar processors may not be able to deliver efficiently. These processors are oriented towards numeric and data manipulations. Due to the neurocomputing requirements (such as non-programming and learning) and the artificial intelligence requirements (such as symbolic manipulation and knowledge representation) a different set of constraints and demands are imposed on the computer architectures/organizations for these applications. Research and development of new computer architectures and VLSI circuits for neural networks and artificial intelligence have been increased in order to meet the new performance requirements. This book presents novel approaches and trends on VLSI implementations of machines for these applications. Papers have been drawn from a number of research communities; the subjects span analog and digital VLSI design, computer design, computer architectures, neurocomputing and artificial intelligence techniques. This book has been organized into four subject areas that cover the two major categories of this book; the areas are: analog circuits for neural networks, digital implementations of neural networks, neural networks on multiprocessor systems and applications, and VLSI machines for artificial intelligence. The topics that are covered in each area are briefly introduced below.

Download or read book VLSI Artificial Neural Networks Engineering written by Mohamed I. Elmasry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineers have long been fascinated by how efficient and how fast biological neural networks are capable of performing such complex tasks as recognition. Such networks are capable of recognizing input data from any of the five senses with the necessary accuracy and speed to allow living creatures to survive. Machines which perform such complex tasks as recognition, with similar ac curacy and speed, were difficult to implement until the technological advances of VLSI circuits and systems in the late 1980's. Since then, the field of VLSI Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have witnessed an exponential growth and a new engineering discipline was born. Today, many engineering curriculums have included a course or more on the subject at the graduate or senior under graduate levels. Since the pioneering book by Carver Mead; "Analog VLSI and Neural Sys tems", Addison-Wesley, 1989; there were a number of excellent text and ref erence books on the subject, each dealing with one or two topics. This book attempts to present an integrated approach of a single research team to VLSI ANNs Engineering.

Download or read book VLSI for Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networks written by Jose G. Delgado-Frias and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an edited selection of the papers presented at the International Workshop on VLSI for Artifidal Intelligence and Neural Networks which was held at the University of Oxford in September 1990. Our thanks go to all the contributors and especially to the programme committee for all their hard work. Thanks are also due to the ACM-SIGARCH, the IEEE Computer Society, and the lEE for publicizing the event and to the University of Oxford and SUNY-Binghamton for their active support. We are particularly grateful to Anna Morris, Maureen Doherty and Laura Duffy for coping with the administrative problems. Jose Delgado-Frias Will Moore April 1991 vii PROLOGUE Artificial intelligence and neural network algorithms/computing have increased in complexity as well as in the number of applications. This in tum has posed a tremendous need for a larger computational power than can be provided by conventional scalar processors which are oriented towards numeric and data manipulations. Due to the artificial intelligence requirements (symbolic manipulation, knowledge representation, non-deterministic computations and dynamic resource allocation) and neural network computing approach (non-programming and learning), a different set of constraints and demands are imposed on the computer architectures for these applications.

Download or read book Engineering Applications of Bio Inspired Artificial Neural Networks written by Jose Mira and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-05-19 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes, together with its compagnion LNCS 1606, the refereed proceedings of the International Work-Conference on Artificial and Neural Networks, IWANN'99, held in Alicante, Spain in June 1999. The 91 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. This volume is devoted to applications of biologically inspired artificial neural networks in various engineering disciplines. The papers are organized in parts on artificial neural nets simulation and implementation, image processing, and engineering applications.

Download or read book VLSI Design of Neural Networks written by Ulrich Ramacher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The early era of neural network hardware design (starting at 1985) was mainly technology driven. Designers used almost exclusively analog signal processing concepts for the recall mode. Learning was deemed not to cause a problem because the number of implementable synapses was still so low that the determination of weights and thresholds could be left to conventional computers. Instead, designers tried to directly map neural parallelity into hardware. The architectural concepts were accordingly simple and produced the so called interconnection problem which, in turn, made many engineers believe it could be solved by optical implementation in adequate fashion only. Furthermore, the inherent fault-tolerance and limited computation accuracy of neural networks were claimed to justify that little effort is to be spend on careful design, but most effort be put on technology issues. As a result, it was almost impossible to predict whether an electronic neural network would function in the way it was simulated to do. This limited the use of the first neuro-chips for further experimentation, not to mention that real-world applications called for much more synapses than could be implemented on a single chip at that time. Meanwhile matters have matured. It is recognized that isolated definition of the effort of analog multiplication, for instance, would be just as inappropriate on the part ofthe chip designer as determination of the weights by simulation, without allowing for the computing accuracy that can be achieved, on the part of the user.

Download or read book Knowledge Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems written by Bruno Apolloni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-09-12 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is part of a three-volume set that constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, KES 2007. Coverage in this first volume includes artificial neural networks and connectionists systems, fuzzy and neuro-fuzzy systems, evolutionary computation, machine learning and classical AI, agent systems, and information engineering and applications in ubiquitous computing environments.

Download or read book CMOS Wireless Transceiver Design written by Jan Crols and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world of wireless communications is changing very rapidly since a few years. The introduction of digital data communication in combination with digital signal process ing has created the foundation for the development of many new wireless applications. High-quality digital wireless networks for voice communication with global and local coverage, like the GSM and DECT system, are only faint and early examples of the wide variety of wireless applications that will become available in the remainder of this decade. The new evolutions in wireless communications set new requirements for the trans ceivers (transmitter-receivers). Higher operating frequencies, a lower power consump tion and a very high degree of integration, are new specifications which ask for design approaches quite different from the classical RF design techniques. The integrata bility and power consumption reduction of the digital part will further improve with the continued downscaling of technologies. This is however completely different for the analog transceiver front-end, the part which performs the interfacing between the antenna and the digital signal processing. The analog front-end's integratability and power consumption are closely related to the physical limitations of the transceiver topology and not so much to the scaling of the used technology. Chapter 2 gives a detailed study of the level of integration in current transceiver realization and analyzes their limitations. In chapter 3 of this book the complex signal technique for the analysis and synthesis of multi-path receiver and transmitter topologies is introduced.

Download or read book Switched Current Design and Implementation of Oversampling A D Converters written by Nianxiong Tan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Switched-Current Design and Implementation of Oversampling A/D Converters discusses the switched-current (SI) technique and its application in oversampling A/D converters design. The SI technique is an analog sampled-data technique that fully exploits the digital CMOS process. Compared with the traditional switched-capacitor (SC) technique, the SI technique has both pros and cons that are highlighted in the book. With the consideration of similarity and difference of SI and SC techniques, oversampling A/D converter architectures are tailored and optimized for SI design and implementation in the book. Switched-Current Design and Implementation of Oversampling A/D Converters emphasizes the practical aspects of SI circuits without tedious mathematical derivations, and is full of circuit design and implementation examples. There are more than 10 different chips included in the book, demonstrating the high-speed (over 100 MHz) and ultra-low-voltage (1.2 V) operation of SI circuits and systems in standard digital CMOS processes. Therefore, the book is of special value as a practical guide for designing SI circuits and SI oversampling A/D converters. Switched-Current Design and Implementation of Oversampling A/D Converters serves as an excellent reference for analog designers, especially A/D converter designers, and is of interest to digital designers for real-time signal processing who need A/D interfaces. The book may also be used as a text for advanced courses on the subject.

Download or read book Symbolic Analysis in Analog Integrated Circuit Design written by Henrik Floberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symbolic Analysis in Analog Integrated Circuit Design provides an introduction to computer-aided circuit analysis and presents systematic methods for solving linear (i.e. small-signal) and nonlinear circuit problems, which are illustrated by concrete examples. Computer-aided symbolic circuit analysis is useful in analog integrated circuit design. Analytic expressions for the network transfer functions contain information that is not provided by a numerical simulation result. However, these expressions are generally extremely long and difficult to interpret; therefore, it is necessary to be able to approximate them guided by the magnitude of the individual circuit parameters. Engineering has been described as `the art of making approximations'. The inclusion of symbolic analysis in analog circuit design reduces the implied risk of ambiguity during the approximation process. A systematic method based on the nullor concept is used to obtain the basic feedback transistor amplifier configurations. Approximate expressions for the locations of poles and zeros for linear networks are obtained using the extended pole-splitting technique. An unusual feature in Symbolic Analysis in Analog Integrated Circuit Design is the consistent use of the transadmittance element with finite (linear or nonlinear) or infinite (i.e. nullor) gain as the only requisite circuit element. The describing function method is used to obtain approximate symbolic expressions for the harmonic distortion generated by a soft or hard transconductance nonlinearity embedded in an arbitrary linear network. The design and implementation of a program (i.e. CASCA) for symbolic analysis of time-continuous networks is described. The algorithms can also be used to solve other linear problems, e.g. the analysis of time-discrete switched-capacitor networks. Symbolic Analysis in Analog Integrated Circuit Design serves as an excellent resource for students and researchers as well as for industry designers who want to familiarize themselves with circuit analysis. This book may also be used for advanced courses on the subject.

Download or read book Design of Modulators for Oversampled Converters written by Feng Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oversampled A/D converters have become very popular in recent years. Some of their advantages include relaxed requirements for anti-alias filters, relaxed requirements for component matching, high resolution and compatibility with digital VLSI technology. There is a significant amount of literature discussing the principle, theory and implementation of various oversampled converters. Such converters are likely to continue to proliferate in the foreseeable future. Additionally, more recently there has been great interest in low voltage and low power circuit design. New design techniques have been proposed for both the digital domain and the analog domain. Both trends point to the importance of the low-power design of oversampled A/D converters. Unfortunately, there has been no systematic study of the optimal design of modulators for oversampled converters. Design has generally focused on new architectures with little attention being paid to optimization. The goal of Design of Modulators for Oversampled Converters is to develop a methodology for the optimal design of modulators in oversampled converters. The primary focus of the presentation is on minimizing power consumption and understanding and limiting the nonlinearities that result in such converters. Design of Modulators for Oversampled Converters offers a quantitative justification for the various design tradeoffs and serves as a guide for designing low-power highly linear oversampled converters. Design of Modulators for Oversampled Converters will serve as a valuable guide for circuit design practitioners, university researchers and graduate students who are interested in this fast-moving area.

Download or read book Neuromorphic Systems Engineering written by Tor Sverre Lande and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-08-26 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuromorphic Systems Engineering: Neural Networks in Silicon emphasizes three important aspects of this exciting new research field. The term neuromorphic expresses relations to computational models found in biological neural systems, which are used as inspiration for building large electronic systems in silicon. By adequate engineering, these silicon systems are made useful to mankind. Neuromorphic Systems Engineering: Neural Networks in Silicon provides the reader with a snapshot of neuromorphic engineering today. It is organized into five parts viewing state-of-the-art developments within neuromorphic engineering from different perspectives. Neuromorphic Systems Engineering: Neural Networks in Silicon provides the first collection of neuromorphic systems descriptions with firm foundations in silicon. Topics presented include: large scale analog systems in silicon neuromorphic silicon auditory (ear) and vision (eye) systems in silicon learning and adaptation in silicon merging biology and technology micropower analog circuit design analog memory analog interchipcommunication on digital buses £/LIST£ Neuromorphic Systems Engineering: Neural Networks in Silicon serves as an excellent resource for scientists, researchers and engineers in this emerging field, and may also be used as a text for advanced courses on the subject.

Download or read book Compact Low Voltage and High Speed CMOS BiCMOS and Bipolar Operational Amplifiers written by Klaas-Jan de Langen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compact Low-Voltage and High-Speed CMOS, BiCMOS and Bipolar Operational Amplifiers discusses the design of integrated operational amplifiers that approach the limits of low supply voltage or very high bandwidth. The resulting realizations span the whole field of applications from micro-power CMOS VLSI amplifiers to 1-GHz bipolar amplifiers. The book presents efficient circuit topologies in order to combine high performance with simple solutions. In total twelve amplifier realizations are discussed. Two bipolar amplifiers are discussed, a 1-GHz operational amplifier and an amplifier with a high ratio between the maximum output current and the quiescent current. Five amplifiers have been designed in CMOS technology, extremely compact circuits that can operate on supply voltages down to one gate-source voltage and two saturation voltages which equals about 1.4 V and, ultimate-low-voltage amplifiers that can operate on supply voltages down to one gate-source voltage and one saturation voltage which amounts to about 1.2 V. In BiCMOS technology five amplifiers have been designed. The first two amplifiers are based on a compact topology. Two other amplifiers are designed to operate on low supply voltages down to 1.3 V. The final amplifier has a unity-gain frequency of 200 MHz and can operate down to 2.5 V. Compact Low-Voltage and High-Speed CMOS, BiCMOS and Bipolar Operational Amplifiers is intended for the professional analog designer. Also, it is suitable as a text book for advanced courses in amplifier design.

Download or read book Top Down Design of High Performance Sigma Delta Modulators written by Fernando Medeiro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interest for :I:~ modulation-based NO converters has significantly increased in the last years. The reason for that is twofold. On the one hand, unlike other converters that need accurate building blocks to obtain high res olution, :I:~ converters show low sensitivity to the imperfections of their building blocks. This is achieved through extensive use of digital signal pro cessing - a desirable feature regarding the implementation of NO interfaces in mainstream CMOS technologies which are better suited for implementing fast, dense, digital circuits than accurate analog circuits. On the other hand, the number of applications with industrial interest has also grown. In fact, starting from the earliest in the audio band, today we can find :I:~ converters in a large variety of NO interfaces, ranging from instrumentation to commu nications. These advances have been supported by a number of research works that have lead to a considerably large amount of published papers and books cov ering different sub-topics: from purely theoretical aspects to architecture and circuit optimization. However, so much material is often difficultly digested by those unexperienced designers who have been committed to developing a :I:~ converter, mainly because there is a lack of methodology. In our view, a clear methodology is necessary in :I:~ modulator design because all related tasks are rather hard.

Download or read book Learning on Silicon written by G. Cauwenberghs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-06-30 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learning on Silicon combines models of adaptive information processing in the brain with advances in microelectronics technology and circuit design. The premise is to construct integrated systems not only loaded with sufficient computational power to handle demanding signal processing tasks in sensory perception and pattern recognition, but also capable of operating autonomously and robustly in unpredictable environments through mechanisms of adaptation and learning. This edited volume covers the spectrum of Learning on Silicon in five parts: adaptive sensory systems, neuromorphic learning, learning architectures, learning dynamics, and learning systems. The 18 chapters are documented with examples of fabricated systems, experimental results from silicon, and integrated applications ranging from adaptive optics to biomedical instrumentation. As the first comprehensive treatment on the subject, Learning on Silicon serves as a reference for beginners and experienced researchers alike. It provides excellent material for an advanced course, and a source of inspiration for continued research towards building intelligent adaptive machines.

Download or read book Design of Low Voltage Low Power CMOS Delta Sigma A D Converters written by Vincenzo Peluso and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design of Low-Voltage Low-Power CMOS Delta-Sigma A/D Converters investigates the feasibility of designing Delta-Sigma Analog to Digital Converters for very low supply voltage (lower than 1.5V) and low power operation in standard CMOS processes. The chosen technique of implementation is the Switched Opamp Technique which provides Switched Capacitor operation at low supply voltage without the need to apply voltage multipliers or low VtMOST devices. A method of implementing the classic single loop and cascaded Delta-Sigma modulator topologies with half delay integrators is presented. Those topologies are studied in order to find the parameters that maximise the performance in terms of peak SNR. Based on a linear model, the performance degradations of higher order single loop and cascaded modulators, compared to a hypothetical ideal modulator, are quantified. An overview of low voltage Switched Capacitor design techniques, such as the use of voltage multipliers, low VtMOST devices and the Switched Opamp Technique, is given. An in-depth discussion of the present status of the Switched Opamp Technique covers the single-ended Original Switched Opamp Technique, the Modified Switched Opamp Technique, which allows lower supply voltage operation, and differential implementation including common mode control techniques. The restrictions imposed on the analog circuits by low supply voltage operation are investigated. Several low voltage circuit building blocks, some of which are new, are discussed. A new low voltage class AB OTA, especially suited for differential Switched Opamp applications, together with a common mode feedback amplifier and a comparator are presented and analyzed. As part of a systematic top-down design approach, the non-ideal charge transfer of the Switched Opamp integrator cell is modeled, based upon several models of the main opamp non-ideal characteristics. Behavioral simulations carried out with these models yield the required opamp specifications that ensure that the intended performance is met in an implementation. A power consumption analysis is performed. The influence of all design parameters, especially the low power supply voltage, is highlighted. Design guidelines towards low power operation are distilled. Two implementations are presented together with measurement results. The first one is a single-ended implementation of a Delta-Sigma ADC operating with 1.5V supply voltage and consuming 100 &mgr;W for a 74 dB dynamic range in a 3.4 kHz bandwidth. The second implementation is differential and operates with 900 mV. It achieves 77 dB dynamic range in 16 kHz bandwidth and consumes 40 &mgr;W. Design of Low-Voltage Low-Power CMOS Delta-Sigma A/D Converters is essential reading for analog design engineers and researchers.