Download or read book Vilcabamba and the Archaeology of Inca Resistance written by Brian S. Bauer and published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press. This book was released on 2015-12-31 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sites of Vitcos and Espiritu Pampa are two of the most important Inca cities within the remote Vilcabamba region of Peru. The province has gained notoriety among historians, archaeologists, and other students of the Inca, since it was from here that the last independent Incas waged a nearly forty-year-long war (AD 1536-1572) against Spanish control of the Andes. Building on three years of excavation and two years of archival work, the authors discuss the events that took place in this area, speaking to the complex relationships that existed between the Europeans and Andeans during the decades that Vilcabamba was the final stronghold of the Inca empire. This has long been a topic of interest for the public; the results of the first large-scale scientific research conducted in the region will be illuminating for scholars as well as for general readers who are enthusiasts of this period of history and archaeology.
Download or read book Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society written by American Antiquarian Society and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ancient Advanced Technology in South America written by Norah Romney and published by DTTV PUBLICATIONS. This book was released on 2021-02-13 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are a host of ancient ruins in South America, claimed by the Inca, inherited by the Inca, conquered by the Inca and built by the Inca. Although one label has stuck on each monument or ancient site, it is clear there are many layers of construction, physically and conceptually. Academics and Scholars still debate who built these, monuments, did they inherit them? Was there a Pre-Inca culture, but everyone can appreciate how advanced the ‘Inca Ancient Ruins’ found in the highlands of South America. The Inca were largest empire ever seen in the Americas and the largest in the world at that time, yet doubt is cast on their monuments and origins. Tiahuanaco, a region of Bolivia that holds many remnants of ancient civilizations, demonstrates some of the most unique and amazingly precise examples of stonework in the world. The ancient people who created these walls and buildings used such a high degree of mathematical expertise that the workmanship is astounding even to modern day people. They marvel at how the stone-cutters from long ago created all of it with simple hand tools.The high plains of Peru and Bolivia in the Andes Mountains holds a wealth of historical sites, each one more amazing than the next. Scholars and archaeologists had only seen the same type of masonry in ancient Egypt before this. Although some historians call this Inca architecture, this later time period civilization had little to do with creating these fantastic structures. The Incas dominated this area from approximately the 13th to 14th centuries AD up until the time of the Spanish explorers' conquest of the region. Indeed, they built some magnificent structures, but the ones most interesting for their precision and longevity came from even older groups. Some of these empires were called the Wari and the Tiahuanaco. They existed hundreds or even thousands of years before the Inca came to power.Multiple historians who specialize in architectural studies have dedicated a lot of their time and knowledge to figuring out how ancient groups of people who did not use advanced tools or even the wheel could create such structures. The most advanced chisels and hammers of the time would have been created from copper, stone, and wood. With these simple hand tools, people dug granite, andesite, and porphyry out of quarries. After transporting them to the final locations, they then carved them with smooth precision so they would fit together almost seamlessly.What techniques could these ancient experts use to make such flat and smooth surfaces, exact angles, and joints that would not allow a single blade of grass to squeeze between? Historians can only guess about some of the methods that allowed for such unique stone cutting and building styles.
Download or read book Peru written by Dilwyn Jenkins and published by Rough Guides. This book was released on 2003 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The Rough Guide to Peru' is a comprehensive handbook for the independent traveller that provides entertaining coverage of all the sights, detailed listings of the best places to stay and eat, and practical advice for outdoor pursuits.
Download or read book The Conquest of the Incas written by John Hemming and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 1973-10-24 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monumental work of history removes the Incas from the realm of legend and shows the reality of their struggles against the Spanish invasion. Winner of the 1971 Christopher Award. Index; photographs, maps, and line drawings.
Download or read book The Mentor written by and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Peru and Bolivia written by Hilary Bradt and published by Bradt Travel Guides. This book was released on 2002 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each of the graded walks are presented against a background of cultural, historical and environmental information: village life, festivals, natural history and, importantly, low-impact ethical travel. Information on what to take, health and safety, local guides, and pack animals, along with many other topics make this guide indispensable.
Download or read book Cradle of Gold written by Christopher Heaney and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2011-07-05 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1911, a young Peruvian boy led an American explorer and Yale historian named Hiram Bingham into the ancient Incan citadel of Machu Picchu. Hidden amidst the breathtaking heights of the Andes, this settlement of temples, tombs and palaces was the Incas' greatest achievement. Tall, handsome, and sure of his destiny, Bingham believed that Machu Picchu was the Incas' final refuge, where they fled the Spanish Conquistadors. Bingham made Machu Picchu famous, and his dispatches from the jungle cast him as the swashbuckling hero romanticized today as a true Indiana Jones-like character. But his excavation of the site raised old specters of conquest and plunder, and met with an indigenous nationalism that changed the course of Peruvian history. Though Bingham successfully realized his dream of bringing Machu Picchu's treasure of skulls, bones and artifacts back to the United States, conflict between Yale and Peru persists through the present day over a simple question: Who owns Inca history? In this grand, sweeping narrative, Christopher Heaney takes the reader into the heart of Peru's past to relive the dramatic story of the final years of the Incan empire, the exhilarating recovery of their final cities and the thought-provoking fight over their future. Drawing on original research in untapped archives, Heaney vividly portrays both a stunning landscape and the complex history of a fascinating region that continues to inspire awe and controversy today.
Download or read book A Hitchhiker s Guide To Armageddon written by David Hatcher Childress and published by SCB Distributors. This book was released on 2011-03-09 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With wit and humor, popular Lost Cities author David Hatcher Childress takes us around the world and back in his trippy finalé to the Lost Cities series. He’s off on an adventure in search of the apocalypse and end times. Childress hits the road from the fortress of Megiddo, the legendary citadel in northern Israel where Armageddon is prophesied to start. Hitchhiking around the world, Childress takes us from one adventure to another, to ancient cities in the deserts and the legends of worlds before our own. Childress muses on the rise and fall of civilizations, and the forces that have shaped mankind over the millennia, including wars, invasions and cataclysms. He discusses the ancient Armageddons of the past, and chronicles recent Middle East developments and their ominous undertones. In the meantime, he becomes a cargo cult god on a remote island off New Guinea, gets dragged into the Kennedy Assassination by one of the “conspirators,†investigates a strange power operating out of the Altai Mountains of Mongolia, and discovers how the Knights Templar and their off-shoots have driven the world toward an epic battle centered around Jerusalem and the Middle East.
Download or read book Hiram Bingham and the Dream of Gold written by Daniel Cohen and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2014-03-24 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hiram Bingham was the ideal explorer-adventurer—handsome, rich, intelligent, brave, and tough. His life seems like something out of film hero Indiana Jones’s exploits in Raiders of the Lost Ark. The descendant of strong-willed missionaries, Bingham was born in Hawaii in 1875, At Yale he specialized in South American studies and became a college teacher. Gradually, the romance of the past took hold of his practical soul. Obsessed by the Incas and his dream of uncovering lost cities, Bingham initiated and expedition to Peru that would lead him to uncharted territories. Using quotations from Bingham’s accounts, Cohen describes how in 1911 Bingham made the greatest archaeological find of the century, the rediscovery of Machu Picchu, the abandoned Inca city in the remote Peruvian mountains. On later expeditions he discovered other lost cities, as he continued his research on the mysteries of Machu Picchu and the last of the Incans, despite the physical hardships and dangers of exploration. When World War I broke out, Bingham learned to fly—no small accomplishment in those pioneering days of aviation. He eventually joined the American forces in France as head of the largest Allied flight training base in Europe. After the war, the ambitious and restless Bingham entered a new career, politics, and was elected senator from Connecticut in a landslide victory. But he was too proud an individualist to do well in government. Bingham spent the rest of his life writing and lecturing. Bingham led the kind of action-packed life that most people only dream of. Daniel Cohen has written a story sure to capture the imagination of everyone who likes history enlivened by cliff-hanging adventures.
Download or read book Turn Right at Machu Picchu written by Mark Adams and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2011-06-30 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLING TRAVEL MEMOIR What happens when an unadventurous adventure writer tries to re-create the original expedition to Machu Picchu? In 1911, Hiram Bingham III climbed into the Andes Mountains of Peru and “discovered” Machu Picchu. While history has recast Bingham as a villain who stole both priceless artifacts and credit for finding the great archeological site, Mark Adams set out to retrace the explorer’s perilous path in search of the truth—except he’d written about adventure far more than he’d actually lived it. In fact, he’d never even slept in a tent. Turn Right at Machu Picchu is Adams’ fascinating and funny account of his journey through some of the world’s most majestic, historic, and remote landscapes guided only by a hard-as-nails Australian survivalist and one nagging question: Just what was Machu Picchu?
Download or read book Mentor written by and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Last Days of the Incas written by Kim MacQuarrie and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2008-06-17 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Documents the epic conquest of the Inca Empire as well as the decades-long insurgency waged by the Incas against the Conquistadors, in a narrative history that is partially drawn from the storytelling traditions of the Peruvian Amazon Yora people. Reprint. 20,000 first printing.
Download or read book Making Sense of Monuments written by Michael J. Kolb and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stonehenge, Machu Picchu, Confederate statues, Egyptian pyramids, and medieval cathedrals: these are some of the places that are the subject of Making Sense of Monuments, an analysis of how the built environment molds human experiences and perceptions via bodily comparison. Drawing from recent research in cognitive neuroscience, psychology, and semiotics, Michael J. Kolb explores the mechanics of the mind, the material world, and the spatialization process of monumental architecture. Three distinct spatial-cognitive metaphors—time, movement, and scale—comprise strands of knowledge that when interwoven create embodied contours of meaning of how human interact with monumental spaces. Comprehensive, lucidly written, and thoroughly illustrated, Making Sense of Monuments is a vibrant, extraordinary journey of the monuments we have constructed and inhabited.
Download or read book The Rough Guide to Peru written by Rough Guides and published by Rough Guides UK. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rough Guide to Peru covers the country in-depth from the jawdropping attractions of the Macchu Picchu, Lake Titicaca and Colca Canyon to Lima's endlessly hip restaurant scene. Rough Guides' four expert authors have covered every inch of Peru, communing with Amazon shamans, rafting the waters of the mighty Urubamba and hiking to the little-visited Inca ruins of Choquequirao. Discover where to find Peru's best pisco sour, view the rainforest high up from a canopy walkway or check out the country's coolest surfing hangout with Rough Guides' things not to miss section. Learn how to get the most out of one of South America's most versatile destinations with The Rough Guide to Peru range of itineraries. Meet the Incas with our in-depth history section and read about everything from traditional panpipe music to hallucinogenic plants. Over 70 clear, full-colour maps help you find a hostel while our easy-to-use transport info will make sure you don't end up on a chicken bus to nowhere!
Download or read book Voices from Vilcabamba written by Brian S. Bauer and published by University Press of Colorado. This book was released on 2015-03-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rich new source of important archival information, Voices from Vilcabamba examines the fall of the Inca Empire in unprecedented detail. Containing English translations of seven major documents from the Vilcabamba era (1536–1572), this volume presents an overview of the major events that occurred in the Vilcabamba region of Peru during the final decades of Inca rule. Brian S. Bauer, Madeleine Halac-Higashimori, and Gabriel E. Cantarutti have translated and analyzed seven documents, most notably Description of Vilcabamba by Baltasar de Ocampo Conejeros and a selection from Martín de Murúa’s General History of Peru, which focuses on the fall of Vilcabamba. Additional documents from a range of sources that include Augustinian investigations, battlefield reports, and critical eyewitness accounts are translated into English for the first time. With a critical introduction on the history of the region during the Spanish Conquest and introductions to each of the translated documents, the volume provides an enhanced narrative on the nature of European-American relations during this time of important cultural transformation.
