Download or read book Venture Capital Contracts and Market Structure written by Roman Inderst and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the relation between optimal venture capital contracts and the supply and demand for venture capital. Both the composition and type of financial claims held by the venture capitalist and entrepreneur depend on the market structure. Moreover, dierent market structures involve dierent optimal forms of transferring utility: sometimes it is optimal to transfer utility via equity stakes, sometimes it is optimal to use debt. Transferring utility via equity stakes affects incentives. Consequently, the net value created, the success probability, the market (or IPO) value, and the performance of venture-capital backed investments all depend on the supply and demand for capital. Similarly, venture capitalists face dierent incentives to screen projects ex ante if the capital supply is low or high. We then endogenize the capital supply and study the relation between venture capital contracts and entry costs, public policy, investment profitability, and market transparency. Finally, we show that entry by inexperienced investors creates a negative externality for the value creation in ventures financed by (regular) venture capitalists.

Download or read book Venture Capital Contracts and Market Structure written by Roman Inderst and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book How Venture Capital Works written by Phillip Ryan and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2012-07-01 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explanations to the inner workings of one of the least understood, but arguably most important, areas of business finance is offered to readers in this engaging volume: venture capital. Venture capitalists provide necessary investment to seed (or startup) companies, but the startup is only the beginning, there is much more to be explored. These savvy investors help guide young entrepreneurs, who likely have little experience, to turn their businesses into the Googles, Facebooks, and Groupons of the world. This book explains the often-complex methods venture capitalists use to value companies and to get the most return on their investments, or ROI. This book is a must-have for any reader interested in the business world.

Download or read book Venture Capital and Private Equity Contracting written by Douglas J. Cumming and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-08-21 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Other books present corporate finance approaches to the venture capital and private equity industry, but many key decisions require an understanding of the ways that law and economics work together. This revised and updated 2e offers broad perspectives and principles not found in other course books, enabling readers to deduce the economic implications of specific contract terms. This approach avoids the common pitfalls of implying that contractual terms apply equally to firms in any industry anywhere in the world. In the 2e, datasets from over 40 countries are used to analyze and consider limited partnership contracts, compensation agreements, and differences in the structure of limited partnership venture capital funds, corporate venture capital funds, and government venture capital funds. There is also an in-depth study of contracts between different types of venture capital funds and entrepreneurial firms, including security design, and detailed cash flow, control and veto rights. The implications of such contracts for value-added effort and for performance are examined with reference to data from an international perspective. With seven new or completely revised chapters covering a range of topics from Fund Size and Diseconomies of Scale to Fundraising and Regulation, this new edition will be essential for financial and legal students and researchers considering international venture capital and private equity. An analysis of the structure and governance features of venture capital contracts In-depth study of contracts between different types of venture capital funds and entrepreneurial firms Presents international datasets from over 40 countries around the world Additional references on a companion website Contains sample contracts, including limited partnership agreements, term sheets, shareholder agreements, and subscription agreements

Download or read book Venture Capital Contracting and the Valuation of High technology Firms written by Joseph McCahery and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Venture capitalists are specialized intermediaries that channel capital to firms and professional services to companies that might otherwise be excluded from the corporate debt market and other sources of private finance. Venture capital financing is used to invest mainly in small and medium size firms with good growth and exit potential. Typically, venture capital firms concentrate in industries with a great deal of uncertainty, where the information gaps among entrepreneurs and venturecapitalist are commonplace. Venture capital firms are active in sectors with a high informational opacity and agency costs. These ventures are identified as financially constrained. Start-up firms rely on venture capital as one of their main sources of funding. Recent empirical research has found that the effect of venture capital on the success of these ventures is considerable. The value of venture capital investment is borne out by the figures which show that venture capital backed-firms grow on average twice as fast as those not backed by venture capital firms. The debate on the development of an efficient venture capital market has forced us to consider which financial instruments, legal rules, labour laws, contracts, and other institutional structures are necessary to create a venture capital market. The contributions to this book have offered insights on the structure of venture capital fund financial contracts, the screening, monitoring and staging of potential investments, the importance of partnership and other legal business forms for investors and start-up firms, the funding of innovation, the valuation of investments, and the exit routes for venture capitalists. The essays in this volume, which draw upon international evidence and ideas from financial economics and law, contribute to further research on the relationship between venture capitalists and entrepreneurs. This collection analyses the main legal and contracting structures in the venture capital cycle. Exploring the differences between the US and European venture capital markets, it focuses on diverse organizational and contractual techniques, such as staged finance, convertible securities, board functions and other forms of control, and the role of exit. Theoretical chapters examine the valuation of entrepreneurial firms and the liquidiation preference in convertible securities. Finally, the book assesses the importance of the IPO market for entrepreneurs, investors and venture capitalists alike.

Download or read book Venture Capital written by Douglas Cumming and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-29 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential guide to venture capital Studies have shown that venture capital backed entrepreneurial firms are on average significantly more successful than non-venture capital backed entrepreneurial firms in terms of innovativeness, profitability, and share price performance upon going public. Understanding the various aspects of venture capital is something anyone in any industry should be familiar with. This reliable resource provides a comprehensive view of venture capital by describing the current state of research and best practices in this arena. Issues addressed include sources of capital-such as angel investment, corporate funds, and government funds-financial contracts and monitoring, and the efficiency implications of VC investment, to name a few. Opens with a review of alternative forms of venture capital Highlights the structure of venture capital investments Examines the role venture capitalists play in adding value to their investee firms This informative guide will help you discover the true potential of venture capital.

Download or read book Equity Financing and Covenants in Venture Capital written by Karoline Jung-Senssfelder and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-08 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Karoline Jung-Senssfelder presents the first augmented contracting analysis, focusing on the interaction of both, financial instruments and covenants, in the creation of incentives to the contracting parties. With a focus on the German market, she integrates the findings of her model-based theoretical and survey-based empirical analyses to derive value-adding implications for an incentive-compatible contract design in the German venture capital market.

Download or read book Principal Agents in Venture Capital and Private Equity Contracting written by Steffen Schupp and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2006-10-25 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,0, Technical University of Darmstadt (Department of Banking and Finance), course: Venture Capital and Private Equity, language: English, abstract: In the last decades venture capital has emerged as the major source of financing for young and innovative firms, replacing more and more bank credits, but also creating a new market niche for start-ups with a high risk of failure that may create substantial returns. With success stories of companies like Apple Computer, Intel, Federal Express, Microsoft, Sun Mircosystem, Compaq or SAP, this form of funding is meanwhile widely accepted. In the late 1970s the venture capital industry increased dramatically in the United States. In contrast, the venture capital sector in continental Europe used to be a very small market up to 1990. Figure 1 in the appendix shows the development of funds committed to independent US and European venture capital funds.1Today the venture fund market in Germany has reached a managed fund size of US$ 43 billion, an increase of 13.2 percent in regard to the previous year.2Therefore venture capital plays a crucial role in respect to innovation of an economy and has significant positive effects on society and a country’s economy. According to Sahlmann (1990) the term “venture capital” is defined as a “professional managed pool of capital that is invested in equity linked securities of private ventures at various stages in their development”. Gompers and Lerner (2001a) limit the definition to investments in privately held, high growth companies. Originally, the intent of venture capital is to finance young innovative companies. The term private equity describes the investment of equity in companies that are already established, e.g. companies in later stages of their life cycle. Today the two terms are often used as synonyms. In this paper we keep focusing on companies in early stages of life and thus use the term venture capital only. It should be mentioned that the focus of venture capital firms can be quite different. First venture capitalists can concentrate on different stages of companies (seed, start-up, first, second, third, fourth stage, bridge stage and liquidity stage financing) and second, venture capitalist can finance different industries or focus on a special group. The specialization has the advantage to gather deepened technological knowledge about an industry that can be used within the “venture cycle”. The innovative high-tech sectors, such as biotech or nanotech, would be good examples.

Download or read book Venture Capital and the Structure of Capital Markets written by Ronald J. Gilson and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessing the Economic Value of Venture Capital Contracts written by Jil Caroline Onimus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-15 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Jil Caroline Onimus identifies the baskets of real options embedded in model venture capital contracts as published by the National Venture Capital Association (NVCA) and shows how they can be priced in interaction using Least Squares Monte Carlo simulation.

Download or read book Venture Capital and the Structure of Capital Markets written by Ronald J. Gilson and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States has many banks that are small relative to large corporations and play a limited role in corporate governance, and a well developed stock market with an associated market for corporate control. In contrast, Japanese and German banks are fewer in number but larger in relative size and are said to play a central governance role. Neither country has an active market for corporate control. We extend the debate on the relative efficiency of bank- and stock market-centered capital markets by developing a further systematic difference between the two systems: the greater vitality of venture capital in stock market-centered systems. Understanding the link between the stock market and the venture capital market requires understanding the contractual arrangements between entrepreneurs and venture capital providers; especially the importance of the opportunity to enter into an implicit contract over control, which gives a successful entrepreneur the option to reacquire control from the venture capitalist by using an initial public offering as the means by which the venture capitalist exits from a portfolio investment. We also extend the literature on venture capital contracting by offering an explanation for two central characteristics of the U.S. venture capital market: relatively rapid exit by venture capital providers from investments in portfolio companies; and the common practice of exit through an initial public offering.

Download or read book The Optimisation of Venture Capital Processes written by Junaid Javaid and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-09-23 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project Report from the year 2014 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: B-, University of West London, course: BUSINESS STUDIES WITH FINANCE, language: English, abstract: This dissertation is written on the topic of “Optimisation of Venture Capital Processes": The scope of this dissertation is broad as it will closely signify and analyse all the important factors incorporated within the process of venture capital and would direct the underlying venture backed company towards the way of optimisation It has been observed that venture capital is frequently perceived as a synonym of private equity. According to Bygrave & Timmons (1992), the venture capital process is composed of four different phases (Investment Decision, Contracting, Control & Value Adding and Exit). The investment decision phase is much significant and is also time consuming. In relation to Contracting aspect, it has been assumed the each negiotated contract would be distinctive from each other and it would happen as a result of variation in term of assigning of control right adequate to that specific investment. With respect to Control & Value Adding aspect, It has been ascertained that through their active participation in the governance, aspect would have an opportunity in transfering their resources & competencies to the company in which they have invested. Therefore, major reason behind the significance of exit strategy in the venture capital is that in the earlier phases of development it seems very rare for the company to pay dividends to its shareholders. From the results of Investment Decision cases of all companies that there are three kinds of approaches (NPV, IRR and Real Options) that could be adopted for the purpose of estimating the value of companies’ projects backed by venture capital From the research paper on contracting factor, It has been discovered that important terms (regarding the composition and form of financial claims held by the entrepreneurs and venture capitalists) seemed to depend more on the size of underlying venture capital market size. From the case study on Control & Value Adding, it has been indicated that there is a direct relationship exists among the venture capitalists’ active participation and the performance of entrepreneurial companies. From the Journal on Exit Strategies, it has been observed that IPO is determined as exensively pursued exit strategy. However, trade sale is regarded as second preferred exit strategy. [...]

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Venture Capital written by Douglas Cumming and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-20 with total page 1126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Venture capital (VC) refers to investments provided to early-stage, innovative, and high growth start-up companies. A common characteristic of all venture capital investments is that investee companies do not have cash flows to pay interest on debt or dividends on equity. Rather, investments are made with a view towards capital gain on exit. The most sought after exit routes are an initial public offering (IPO), where a company lists on a stock exchange for the first time, and an acquisition exit (trade sale), where the company is sold in entirety to another company. However, VCs often exit their investments by secondary sales, wherein the entrepreneur retains his or her share but the VC sells to another company or investor buybacks, where the entrepreneur repurchases the VC`s interest and write-offs (liquidations). The Oxford Handbook of Venture Capital provides a comprehensive picture of all the issues dealing with the structure, governance, and performance of venture capital from a global perspective. The handbook comprises contributions from 55 authors currently based in 12 different countries.

Download or read book Venture Capital at the Crossroads written by William D. Bygrave and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Venture capital (VC) has had a profound impact on the U.S and world economies. The landmarks of venture capitalism are the formation of the venture capital fund ARD in 1946 and the establishment of small business investment companies by the U.S. Small Business Administration in 1958. After a boom in the 1960s, the VC industry all but collapsed between 1970 and 1977. The VC industry revived in the 1980s and reached a peak in 1987 from which it declined. At the moment of its decline in 1990, the industry was radically altered and transformed and was at a crossroads from its recent shake-out. This book examines the state of the VC industry at this point in 1990, examining current trends, developments, and practices, and looking at future prospects for the industry, suppliers, and users of risk capital, as well as the nation's economy as a whole. The VC industry has been transformed by two changes. (1) New and specialized financial and investment strategies emphasize deal making, transaction crafting and closing, fee generating, and short-term gains. This "merchant capital" approach is oriented to investing in established firms, as opposed to the classic VC approach of providing equity financing in new, emerging, innovating, and technology-based firms. This change may be due to professionals entering the field from MBA backgrounds rather than business-building backgrounds. (2) The altered market has resulted in reduced opportunities, globalization, increase in available capital, and dominance of institutional money, and the VC industry is losing its classic company-building skills. The major virtue of the traditional VC industry, which has been a wellspring of innovation and great rewards, is the skills brought by the venture capitalists that add value in the firm's forming, building, and harvesting. Changes in the VC industry are seen in an explosion of investing activity, heterogeneity of industry structure, niche funds, declines in rate of return, and increased competition and shake-out. Examples of classic revolutionary industries financed by VC are the semiconductor, computer, and biotechnology industries. Some lessons from these industries are drawn. Lessons are also drawn from the case of the Winchester disc-drive industry, which represents a case of "capital market myopia." Historical VC returns have been in the 10% to 20% range, occasionally in the 20% to 30% range, and rarely higher. The main reason for the unsatisfactory returns on VC since 1983 has been the initial public offering (IPO) drought. The benefits and implications for the VC industry of syndicated investments are examined. The contribution of VC to economic development is explored in terms of internal and external factors. Some high-tech regions were not planned; some planned regional centers have failed. Three factors affect the flow of VC: investors who put up the money, entrepreneurs who form the company, and the venture capitalists. The value-added of classic VC investment lies in the guidance, contracts, know-how, and support of the backers. The relationship between the venture capitalist and management team critically affects the success of the venture. Also examined are relationships between flows of VC and public policy, capital markets, new technologies, and changes in industries. Most important in fostering VC are government policies. Since VC is vital element to entrepreneurship, the U.S. must actively foster classic venture capital by changing some national attitudes and policies in culture, education, and role of government, for which recommendations and suggestions are offered. (TNM).

Download or read book Venture Deals written by Brad Feld and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-08-27 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Help take your startup to the next step with the new and revised edition of the popular book on the VC deal process—from the co-founders of the Foundry Group How do venture capital deals come together? This is one of the most frequent questions asked by each generation of new entrepreneurs. Surprisingly, there is little reliable information on the subject. No one understands this better than Brad Feld and Jason Mendelson. The founders and driving force behind the Foundry Group—a venture capital firm focused on investing in early-stage information technology companies—Brad and Jason have been involved in hundreds of venture capital financings. Their investments range from small startups to large Series A venture financing rounds. The new edition of Venture Deals continues to show fledgling entrepreneurs the inner-workings of the VC process, from the venture capital term sheet and effective negotiating strategies to the initial seed and the later stages of development. Fully updated to reflect the intricacies of startups and entrepreneurship in today's dynamic economic environment, this new edition includes revisions and updates to coverage on negotiating, gender issues, ICO’s, and economic terms. New chapters examine legal and procedural considerations relevant to fundraising, bank debt, equity and convertible debt, how to hire an investment banker to sell a company, and more. Provides valuable, real-world insights into venture capital structure and strategy Explains and clarifies the VC term sheet and other misunderstood aspects of capital funding Helps to build collaborative and supportive relationships between entrepreneurs and investors Draws from the author’s years of practical experience in the VC arena Includes extensively revised and updated content throughout to increase readability and currency Venture Deals: Be Smarter Than Your Lawyer and Venture Capitalist is a must-have resource for Any aspiring entrepreneur, venture capitalist, or lawyer involved in VC deals as well as students and instructors in related areas of study.

Download or read book Characteristics Contracts and Actions written by Steven N. Kaplan and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the investment analyses of 67 portfolio investments by 11 venture capital (VC) firms. VCs consider the attractiveness and risks of the business, management, and deal terms as well as expected post-investment monitoring. We then consider the relation of the analyses to the contractual terms. Greater internal and external risks are associated with more VC cash flow rights, VC control rights; greater internal risk, also with more contingencies for the entrepreneur; and greater complexity, with less contingent compensation. Finally, expected VC monitoring and support are related to the contracts. We interpret these results in relation to financial contracting theories.

Download or read book Venture Capital in Europe written by Greg N. Gregoriou and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-01 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until recently, only the United States had an active venture capital market. This is changing rapidly, as many other countries have experienced rapid growth in venture capital financing over the past five years. This book contains new scientific articles showcasing the latest research on venture capital in Europe. Venture capital investment remains a hot topic with portfolio managers, individual investors, academics worldwide. This book examines in detail all the major issues regarding venture capital investment: contracting, financing, regulation, valuation, etc. and identifies new trends in the venture capital arena. Features a foreword by Josh Lerner. *The only book in which academics from around the world present the latest research on venture capital in Europe *Covers all of Europe as well as including overview papers about venture capital industry, public and private venture capital, valuation, financing, contracting, structuring, regulation, etc. *Comprehensive, authoritative coverage