Download or read book Variation in Salmonid Life Histories written by Mary F. Willson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pacific Salmon Life Histories written by Cornelis Groot and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pacific salmon are an important biological and economic resource of countries of the North Pacific rim. They are also a unique group of fish possessing unusually complex life histories. There are seven species of Pacific salmon, five occurring on both the North American and Asian continents (sockeye, pink, chum, chinook, and coho) and two (masu and amago) only in Asia. The life cycle of the Pacific salmon begins in the autumn when the adult female deposits eggs that are fertilized in gravel beds in rivers or lakes. The young emerge from the gravel the following spring and will either migrate immediately to salt water or spend one or more years in a river or lake before migrating. Migrations in the ocean are extensive during the feeding and growing phase, covering thousands of kilometres. After one or more years the maturing adults find their way back to their home river, returning to their ancestral breeding grounds to spawn. They die after spawning and the eggs in the gravel signify a new cycle. Upon this theme Pacific salmon have developed many variations, both between as well as within species. Pacific Salmon Life Histories provides detailed descriptions of the different life phases through which each of the seven species passes. Each chapter is written by a scientist who has spent years studying and observing a particular species of salmon. Some of the topics covered are geographic distribution, transplants, freshwater life, ocean life, development, growth, feeding, diet, migration, and spawning behaviour. The text is richly supplemented by numerous maps, illustrations, colour plates, and tables and there is a detailed general index, as well as a useful geographical index.
Download or read book Variation in Salmonid Life Histories written by Mary F. Willson and published by DIANE Publishing Company. This book was released on 1999-09-01 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of the huge natural variations in the abundance of salmon from year to year and place to place, much of the attention to these species has been prompted by an interest in reducing the variation and simultaneously maintaining or raising the mean abundance. In contrast, the importance of salmon and their relatives to the ecology of other species dependent on them and to the ecology of riparian ecosystems has scarcely been noticed. This review summarizes variation in salmonid life history, with an emphasis on the salmonine lineage, and suggests ecological, evolutionary, and management implications. Tables.
Download or read book Variation in Salmonid Life Histories Patterns and Perspectives Classic Reprint written by Mary F. Willson and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2019-01-02 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Variation in Salmonid Life Histories, Patterns and Perspectives Salmonid fishes differ in degree of anadromy, age of maturation, frequency of reproduction, body size and fecundity, sexual dimorphism, breeding season, morphology, and to a lesser degree, parental care. The advantages of large body size in reproductive competition probably favored the evolution of ocean foraging, and the advantages of safe breeding sites probably favored freshwater spawning. Both long-distance migrations and reproductive competition may have favored the evolution of semelparity. Reproductive competition has favored the evolution of secondary sexual characters, alternative mating tactics, and probably nest-defense behavior. Salmonids provide good examples of character divergence in response to ecological release and of parallel evolution. The great phenotypic plasticity of these fishes may facilitate speciation. Patterns of variation and the processes that generate them are valuable tools for foresighted management practices, predicting the outcomes of anthopogenic changes, managing to maintain biodiversity or particular populations of wildlife consumers, and maintaining the viability of fish populations. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Ecology of Atlantic Salmon and Brown Trout written by Bror Jonsson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-03 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Destruction of habitat is the major cause for loss of biodiversity including variation in life history and habitat ecology. Each species and population adapts to its environment, adaptations visible in morphology, ecology, behaviour, physiology and genetics. Here, the authors present the population ecology of Atlantic salmon and brown trout and how it is influenced by the environment in terms of growth, migration, spawning and recruitment. Salmonids appeared as freshwater fish some 50 million years ago. Atlantic salmon and brown trout evolved in the Atlantic basin, Atlantic salmon in North America and Europe, brown trout in Europe, Northern Africa and Western Asia. The species live in small streams as well as large rivers, lakes, estuaries, coastal seas and oceans, with brown trout better adapted to small streams and less well adapted to feeding in the ocean than Atlantic salmon. Smolt and adult sizes and longevity are constrained by habitat conditions of populations spawning in small streams. Feeding, wintering and spawning opportunities influence migratory versus resident lifestyles, while the growth rate influences egg size and number, age at maturity, reproductive success and longevity. Further, early experiences influence later performance. For instance, juvenile behaviour influences adult homing, competition for spawning habitat, partner finding and predator avoidance. The abundance of wild Atlantic salmon populations has declined in recent years; climate change and escaped farmed salmon are major threats. The climate influences through changes in temperature and flow, while escaped farmed salmon do so through ecological competition, interbreeding and the spreading of contagious diseases. The authors pinpoint essential problems and offer suggestions as to how they can be reduced. In this context, population enhancement, habitat restoration and management are also discussed. The text closes with a presentation of what the authors view as major scientific challenges in ecological research on these species.
Download or read book Variation in Salmonid Life Histories Patterns and Perspective written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Life History Variation in Migratory Salmonid Populations written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Over the last 150 years, many of the native migratory salmonid populations in North America have declined or been extirpated, and their native habitats have been significantly altered. Life history variation within and among migratory fish populations plays an important role in their persistence when faced with changing habitat conditions. One of the most extreme life history events in salmonids is the movement from lotic to lentic habitats, a migration that can span long distances and different habitat types. Understanding the factors affecting migratory life histories expressed by individuals within a population play an important role in dynamics and habitat requirements of the whole population. Here, I investigate three primary factors that contribute to an individual fishes' "decision" to migrate: genetics, environmental conditions, and individual body condition. In rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss of the Shasta River, California we found distinct genetic structure among subpopulations in spatially separate habitats. Within one of those population segments we detected partial migration in which some individuals migrate, but others do not. We found that increased in daily mean water temperature were associated with upriver migration of adult coaster brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis in the Salmon Trout River, Michigan. In the Pilgrim River, Michigan we documented a previously unrecognized population of migratory brook trout. These results provide information critical to understanding the ecology of these at-risk populations and broaden our understanding of migratory behavior in general. The methodologies we developed to quantify movement data in the context of migratory life histories are applicable to other systems where further understanding of the drivers of migratory life history variation is needed.
Download or read book Advances in the Ecology of Stream Dwelling Salmonids written by Javier Lobon-Cervia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 733 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate and Fisheries written by D. H. Cushing and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Juvenile Chinook Salmon Life History Variation written by Bryce N. Oldemeyer and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last century, wild populations of salmonids in the Columbia River basin have significantly declined. Several of these populations have been listed as "threatened" under the Endangered Species Act and collaborative multi-state, multi-agency efforts have been established to manage and restore at-risk populations. A thorough understanding of a species' life history is necessary for effective conservation. A tool widely implemented to collect information during juvenile salmonid life stages is a rotary screw trap. Rotary screw traps sample juvenile salmonids as they migrate to the ocean but environmental conditions, low species abundances, and complex life histories can lead to sparse data. In this study I implemented a hierarchical Bayesian model to obtain abundance estimates from rotary screw traps with large periods of missing data and utilized this information to explore two predominant life history assemblages of juvenile Chinook salmon that have strong implications on survival and reproductive success.
Download or read book Variation in salmonid life histories written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microevolution Rate Pattern Process written by Andrew P. Hendry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From guppies to Galapagos finches and from adaptive landscapes to haldanes, this compilation of contributed works provides reviews, perspectives, theoretical models, statistical developments, and empirical demonstrations exploring the tempo and mode of microevolution on contemporary to geological time scales. New developments, and reviews, of classic and novel empirical systems demonstrate the strength and diversity of evolutionary processes producing biodiversity within species. Perspectives and theoretical insights expand these empirical observations to explore patterns and mechanisms of microevolution, methods for its quantification, and implications for the evolution of biodiversity on other scales. This diverse assemblage of manuscripts is aimed at professionals, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates who desire a timely synthesis of current knowledge, an illustration of exciting new directions, and a springboard for future investigations in the study of microevolution in the wild.
Download or read book Morphological and Early Life History Variation in Salmonid Fishes written by Susanna Pakkasmaa and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book VARIATION IN SALMONID LIFE HISTORIES PATTERNS AND PERSPECTIVES RESEARCH PAPER PNW RP 498 U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FEBRUARY 1997 written by United States. Forest Service and published by . This book was released on 1998* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evolution Illuminated written by Stephen C. Stearns and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-11-27 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will appeal to investigators in each of the scientific disciplines it integrates--evolutionary biology, ecology, salmonid biology, management, and conservation. Variation in salmonids can be used to illustrate virtually all evolutionary questions, and so the work will also attract general scientific interest by ecologists and evolutionary and conservation biologists.
Download or read book Principles of Salmonid Culture written by W. Pennell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-10-11 with total page 1071 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As salmonids have been reared for more than a century in many countries, one might expect that principles are well established and provide a solid foundation for salmonid aquaculture. Indeed, some of the methods used today in salmonid rearing are nearly identical to those employed one hundred years ago. Areas of salmonid research today include nutrition, smolt and stress physiology, genetics and biotechnology.The purpose of this book is to provide a useful synthesis of the biology and culture of salmonid fishes. The important practices in salmonid culture as well as the theory behind them is described. This volume will be of interest to students, researchers, fisheries biologists and managers as well as practising aquaculturists.
Download or read book Salmon Life Histories and Fisheries Management written by Lukas B. DeFilippo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the life histories of exploited aquatic taxa is important to sustainable fisheries management. Life history diversity has been shown to stabilize population dynamics through 'portfolio effects' which can maintain robust fishery yields despite environmental variability. Moreover, the reproductive life histories of fishes can be important to shaping management-relevant properties such as the steepness of the stock-recruit relationship, genetic diversity, age and size structure, and stock rebuilding potential. Despite the importance of life history information to conservation and management, achieving a practical understanding of the evolutionary and ecological factors that maintain particular life histories can be challenging. This difficulty is exemplified by widespread declines in size-and-age-at-maturity of many commercially valuable fish stocks, the causes of which are seldom be reliably discerned. In this dissertation, I seek to better understand the factors that control the frequencies of alternative maturation and reproductive life histories in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) populations. In chapter 1, I used Bayesian hierarchical modelling to identify the basis of variation in early maturation rates among sockeye salmon populations in Bristol Bay, Alaska. In my second chapter, I developed an age-structured Bayesian state space model to assess the causes of elevated early maturation rates in Kodiak sockeye salmon. Finally, in my third chapter I developed an individual-based population dynamics framework to explore the ecological and evolutionary factors that regulate frequencies of alternative maturation and reproductive life histories in age-structured populations. Collectively, my results demonstrate that the maintenance of alternative life histories within populations may be more complex than existing evolutionary frameworks suggest, and reveal a novel role of population dynamics in the evolution and maintenance of complex mating systems.
