Download or read book Variable Valve Actuation and Control written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cost Effectiveness and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.

Download or read book Variable Valve Actuation written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many approaches exist to enable advanced mode, low temperature combustion systems for diesel engines - such as premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI), Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) or other HCCI-like combustion modes. The fuel properties and the quantity, distribution and temperature profile of air, fuel and residual fraction in the cylinder can have a marked effect on the heat release rate and combustion phasing. Figure 1 shows that a systems approach is required for HCCI-like combustion. While the exact requirements remain unclear (and will vary depending on fuel, engine size and application), some form of substantially variable valve actuation is a likely element in such a system. Variable valve actuation, for both intake and exhaust valve events, is a potent tool for controlling the parameters that are critical to HCCI-like combustion and expanding its operational range. Additionally, VVA can be used to optimize the combustion process as well as exhaust temperatures and impact the after treatment system requirements and its associated cost. Delphi Corporation has major manufacturing and product development and applied R & D expertise in the valve train area. Historical R & D experience includes the development of fully variable electro-hydraulic valve train on research engines as well as several generations of mechanical VVA for gasoline systems. This experience has enabled us to evaluate various implementations and determine the strengths and weaknesses of each. While a fully variable electro-hydraulic valve train system might be the 'ideal' solution technically for maximum flexibility in the timing and control of the valve events, its complexity, associated costs, and high power consumption make its implementation on low cost high volume applications unlikely. Conversely, a simple mechanical system might be a low cost solution but not deliver the flexibility required for HCCI operation. After modeling more than 200 variations of the mechanism it was determined that the single cam design did not have enough flexibility to satisfy three critical OEM requirements simultaneously, (maximum valve lift variation, intake valve opening timing and valve closing duration), and a new approach would be necessary. After numerous internal design reviews including several with the OEM a dual cam design was developed that had the flexibility to meet all motion requirements. The second cam added complexity to the mechanism however the cost was offset by the deletion of the electric motor required in the previous design. New patent applications including detailed drawings and potential valve motion profiles were generated and alternate two cam designs were proposed and evaluated for function, cost, reliability and durability. Hardware was designed and built and testing of sample hardware was successfully completed on an engine test stand. The mechanism developed during the course of this investigation can be applied by Original Equipment Manufacturers, (OEM), to their advanced diesel engines with the ultimate goal of reducing emissions and improving fuel economy. The objectives are: (1) Develop an optimal, cost effective, variable valve actuation (VVA) system for advanced low temperature diesel combustion processes. (2) Design and model alternative mechanical approaches and down-select for optimum design. (3) Build and demonstrate a mechanism capable of application on running engines.

Download or read book Advances in Internal Combustion Engine Research written by Dhananjay Kumar Srivastava and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses all aspects of advanced engine technologies, and describes the role of alternative fuels and solution-based modeling studies in meeting the increasingly higher standards of the automotive industry. By promoting research into more efficient and environment-friendly combustion technologies, it helps enable researchers to develop higher-power engines with lower fuel consumption, emissions, and noise levels. Over the course of 12 chapters, it covers research in areas such as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion and control strategies, the use of alternative fuels and additives in combination with new combustion technology and novel approaches to recover the pumping loss in the spark ignition engine. The book will serve as a valuable resource for academic researchers and professional automotive engineers alike.

Download or read book Development of a New Fully Flexible Hydraulic Variable Valve Actuation System written by Mohammad Pournazeri and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The automotive industry has been in a marathon of advancement over the past decades. This is partly due to global environmental concerns about increasing amount of air pollutants such as NOx (oxides of nitrogen), CO (carbon monoxide) and particulate matters (PM) and decreasing fossil fuel resources. Recently due to stringent emission regulations such as US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and CARB (California Air Resource Board), improvement in fuel economy and reduction in the exhaust gas emissions have become the two major challenges for engine manufacturers. To fulfill the requirements of these regulations, the IC engines including gasoline and diesel engines have experienced significant modifications during the past decades. Incorporating the fully flexible valvetrains in production IC engines is one of the several ways to improve the performance of these engines. The ultimate goal of this PhD thesis is to conduct feasibility study on development of a reliable fully flexible hydraulic valvetrain for automotive engines. Camless valvetrains such as electro-hydraulic, electro-mechanical and electro-pneumatic valve actuators have been developed and extensively studied by several engine component manufacturers and researchers. Unlike conventional camshaft driven systems and cam-based variable valve timing (VVT) techniques, these systems offer valve timings and lift control that are fully independent of crankshaft position and engine speed. These systems are key technical enablers for HCCI, 2/4 stroke-switching gasoline and air hybrid technologies, each of which is a high fuel efficiency technology. Although the flexibility of the camless valvetrains is limitless, they are generally more complex and expensive than cam-based systems and require more study on areas of reliability, fail safety, durability, repeatability and robustness. On the contrary, the cam-based variable valve timing systems are more reliable, durable, repeatable and robust but much less flexible and much more complex in design. In this research work, a new hydraulic variable valve actuation system (VVA) is proposed, designed, prototyped and tested. The proposed system consists of a two rotary spool valves each of which actuated either by a combination of engine crankshaft and a phase shifter or by a variable speed servo-motor. The proposed actuation system offers the same level of flexibility as camless valvetrains while its reliability, repeatability and robustness are comparable with cam driven systems. In this system, the engine valve opening and closing events can be advanced or retarded without any constraint as well as the final valve lift. Transition from regenerative braking or air motor mode to conventional mode in air hybrid engines can be easily realized using the proposed valvetrain. The proposed VVA system, as a stand-alone unit, is modeled, designed, prototyped and successfully tested. The mathematical model of the system is verified by the experimental data and used as a numerical test bench for evaluating the performance of the designed control systems. The system test setup is equipped with valve timing and lift controllers and it is tested to measure repeatability, flexibility and control precision of the valve actuation system. For fast and accurate engine valve lift control, a simplified dynamic model of the system (average model) is derived based on the energy and mass conservation principles. A discrete time sliding mode controller is designed based on the system average model and it is implemented and tested on the experimental setup. To improve the energy efficiency and robustness of the proposed valve actuator, the system design parameters are subjected to an optimization using the genetic algorithm method. Finally, an energy recovery system is proposed, designed and tested to reduce the hydraulic valvetrain power consumption. The presented study is only a small portion of the growing research in this area, and it is hoped that the results obtained here will lead to the realization of a more reliable, repeatable, and flexible engine valve system.

Download or read book Model based Control of Electro pneumatic Intake and Exhaust Valve Actuators for IC Engines written by Jia Ma and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Multi cylinder Valve Control written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cylinder Filling Control of Variable Valve Actuation Equipped Engines written by Leroy Thomas and published by Omniscriptum. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of torque and pollutants of Variable Valve Actuation equipped internal combustion engines found in the automotive industry (both Diesel and gasoline engines) is studied. Variable Valve Actuation (VVA) is a technology which has been introduced to optimize engine efficiency at steady-states covering a wide range of operating conditions. In more details, the outcome of the internal combustion engine (torque and pollutant) depends on the cylinder filling at each stroke which, itself, depends on the VVA positions and the engine intake manifold conditions. These two subsystems have inconsistent response times which results in efficiency losses during transient operations. In this manuscript, a remedy for this issue which takes the form of coordination loops of low-level controllers is proposed. This coordination uses a cylinder filling model, designed in the thesis. Experimental results prove that torque production and pollutant emissions can be improved.

Download or read book Design and Development of a Regenerative Hydraulic Variable Timing Engine Valve Actuator written by William E. Tourdot and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book FPGA Controlled Pneumatic Variable Valve Actuation written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Regenerative Hydraulic Variable Valve Actuator for Internal Combustion Engines written by Ahmad M. Sabri and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Variable Valve Actuation 2000 written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Variable Valve Actuation and Power Boost written by and published by SAE International. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Variable Valve Actuation 2001 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection of papers from three technical sessions on variable valve actuation held at the 2001 SAE World Congress, March 5-8 in Detroit, Michigan. Papers cover devices ranging from cam phasers to fully-flexible VVA mechanisms to electromagnetic actuators. Additionally, several papers discuss the operating and control strategies so critical to the successful implementation of these mechanisms.

Download or read book Diesel Emissions and Their Control 2nd Edition written by W. Addy Majewski and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2023-12-20 with total page 1135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineers, applied scientists, students, and individuals working to reduceemissions and advance diesel engine technology will find the secondedition of Diesel Emissions and Their Control to be an indispensablereference. Whether readers are at the outset of their learning journey orseeking to deepen their expertise, this comprehensive reference bookcaters to a wide audience.In this substantial update to the 2006 classic, the authors have expandedthe coverage of the latest emission technologies. With the industryevolving rapidly, the book ensures that readers are well-informed aboutthe most recent advances in commercial diesel engines, providing acompetitive edge in their respective fields. The second edition has alsostreamlined the content to focus on the most promising technologies.This book is rooted in the wealth of information available on DieselNet.com, where the “Technology Guide” papers offer in-depth insights. Eachchapter includes links to relevant online materials, granting readers accessto even more expertise and knowledge.The second edition is organized into six parts, providing a structuredjourney through every aspect of diesel engines and emissions control: Part I: A foundational exploration of the diesel engine, combustion, andessential subsystems. Part II: An in-depth look at emission characterization, health andenvironmental impacts, testing methods, and global regulations. Part III: A comprehensive overview of diesel fuels, covering petroleumdiesel, alternative fuels, and engine lubricants. Part IV: An exploration of engine efficiency and emission controltechnologies, from exhaust gas recirculation to engine control. Part V: The latest developments in diesel exhaust aftertreatment,encompassing catalyst technologies and particulate filters. Part VI: A historical journey through the evolution of dieselengine technology, with a focus on heavy-duty engines in the NorthAmerican market. (ISBN 9781468605693, ISBN 9781468605709, ISBN 9781468605716, DOI: 10.4271/9781468605709)

Download or read book Hydraulic Variable Valve Actuation on a Single Cylinder Engine written by Mohammad Sharif Siddiqui and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combustion characteristics in an engine cylinder can greatly change over a range of speeds and loads. However, conventional engines x the timing and amount of intake and exhaust, which can lead to higher emissions, wasted fuel, and lower power output. This thesis studies the application of a hydraulics based variable valve actuation system to change the valves' lift and timing on a single cylinder spark ignition engine. In addition to controlling the valve actuation, a hydraulics based design has the advantage of protecting against engine failure in cases of electrical power loss, reverting the system to behave as a conventional camshaft valve train. The research extends the previous iterations of the hydraulics design to prevent leakage, retain pressure, and reliably open and close the engine valves. A hydraulic cylinder is used to replace the conventional cam where pressurized fluid opens, and spring force closes, the engine valve. The pressurized fluid is supplied to, or removed from, the cylinder using rotary spool valves coupled to the engine crankshaft. Additionally, the system is modelled in Simulink to determine the effect of system pressure, flow area, and spring rate on the resulting valve pro file. After modelling the system's performance for achieving variable lift and timing, the system was designed, manufactured, and tested on a single cylinder engine with the aid of a dynamometer. Experimental results for valve lift showed good agreement with the simulation models. Majority of the tests were performed using manual control, followed by experiments with active control of the system pressure to reach a desired valve lift. The lift controller is able to achieve the desired valve actuation in under 2 seconds with active pressure feedback. Lastly, the ability of the hydraulic variable valve system as a viable alternative is shown by achieving combustion at 1500 RPM engine idle speed.

Download or read book Cylinder Filing Control of Variable valve actuation Equipped Internal Combustion Engines written by Thomas Leroy and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of torque and pollutants of Variable Valve Actuation equipped internal combustion engines found in the automotive industry (both Diesel and gasoline engines) is studied. Variable Valve Actuation (VVA) is a technology which has been introduced to optimize engine efficiency at steady-states covering a wide range of operating conditions. In more details, the outcome of the internal combustion engine (torque and pollutant) depends on the cylinder filling at each stroke which, itself, depends on the VVA positions and the engine intake manifold conditions. These two subsystems have inconsistent response times which results in efficiency losses during transient operations. In this manuscript, a remedy for this issue which takes the form of coordination loops of low-level controllers is proposed. This coordination uses a cylinder filling model, designed in the thesis. Experimental results prove that torque production and pollutant emissions can be improved.